This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Moreover, some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.
Hemedti met with a delegation of the Civil Democratic Forces alliance (Taqaddum) led by former Prime Minister Abdallah HamdokinAddis Ababa, during which he agreed to release 451 captives held by the RSF, ensure humanitarian access and protection of civilians, and commit to a ceasefire through direct negotiations with the SAF.[1]
The leader of the Nasserist Party, Sattea al-Haj, was arrested by Sudanese military intelligence in what was seen as a crackdown by the SAF on anti-war figures.[2]
The governor of North Darfur, Abdel Rahman Nimr, was dismissed from his position by SAF chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan.[3] Nimr subsequently claimed that his removal was due to his neutral stance on the war and his refusal to declare a mobilization campaign in support of the SAF.[4]
The SPLM-N (al-Hilu) together with the SAF clashed with the RSF in the Nuba Mountains, while the SAF launched airstrikes on an RSF camp in Dibebad.[14]
The SAF accused the RSF of setting fire to the Sahil and Sahara Bank Tower, a prominent landmark in Khartoum.[15]
River Nile governor Mohamed al-Badawi issued an order banning the FFC as well as resistance and administrative committees in the state and replacing them with steering committees.[16]
At least 23 people were killed by SAF airstrikes in the Soba district of Khartoum, while ten others were killed by shelling in the south of the capital.[22]
The Nyala Mosque was damaged during an SAF airstrike that also struck a museum.[23]
The SAF launched airstrikes against an RSF garrison in White Nile State and regained control over the Al-Umda and Al-Abbasiya neighbourhoods of Omdurman.[28] Seven people were killed by airstrikes in El Geteina.[29]
The Sudanese government formally suspended ties with IGAD in retaliation for its invitation to Hemedti to attend its 18 January summit in Uganda, calling it a "violation of Sudan’s sovereignty".[31] It also banned all grassroots committees that had been set up across the country following the Sudanese Revolution in 2019, citing the ongoing political situation.[32]
Twelve people were killed in an SAF airstrike in El Zurug, North Darfur.[33] A doctor in Omdurman was killed at a checkpoint by the SAF after he was accused of being an RSF intelligence officer.[34]
Taqaddum announced that it would attend the IGAD Summit in Uganda on 18 January that was also to be attended by Hemedti.[35]
The African Union Commission announced the creation of a High-Level Panel on Sudan chaired by AU High Representative for Silencing the Guns Mohamed Ibn Chambas and composed of former Ugandan vice president Specioza Kazibwe and former AU envoy to Somalia Francisco Madeira, to help facilitate peace efforts in the country.[36]
Eleven people were killed in SAF airstrikes on the village of Abu Khaboub village, west of Muglad.[39] Four people were killed in a missile attack near a volunteer kitchen in the Shambat neighborhood of Khartoum Bahri.[40]
Five people were killed in clashes between the SAF and the RSF in Donki El Omda, west of Babanusa.[39] Eight others were killed in SAF airstrikes in villages west of Muglad.[41]
Residents reported that the RSF had laid siege to the village of Wad Kebeish, north of El Geteina.[42]
SLM-Nur leader Abdul Wahid al-Nur met with Hemedti in Kenya as part of efforts to alleviate the humanitarian situation in SLM-controlled areas.[43]
The European Council imposed sanctions on six firms for "supporting activities undermining the stability and political transition of Sudan". Among those sanctioned were two companies involved in manufacturing weapons and vehicles for the SAF.[44]
Hemedti revealed that he had held a telephone conversation with UN humanitarian aid chief Martin Griffiths and discussed the delivery of relief aid to Sudan.[45]
The RSF launched an offensive to seize Babanusa and the garrison of the SAF's 22nd Infantry Division in the city. At least 23 people were reported to have been killed while 30 others were injured.[46]
One person was killed in clashes between the SAF and the RSF in the Abu Shouk IDP camp.[47]
Sudan War Monitor reported that the RSF had taken over most of Babanusa and indicated that its fighters had penetrated the headquarters of the SAF's 22nd Infantry Division.[49]
The SAF launched a morning offensive that seized the RSF garrison in the Kadru neighborhood of Khartoum Bahri and the Al-Jawafa bridge connecting Kadru and the El-Jeili oil refinery. SAF paratroopers were also deployed for the first time since the start of the conflict in Khartoum Bahri.[50]
The RSF claimed to have shot down an Iranian-made Qods Mohajer-6 drone over Omdurman. The SAF claimed to have destroyed an RSF base in the El Kadaro neighborhood of Khartoum Bahri.[51]
The US imposed sanctions on two firms linked to the RSF and its gold export business and a third for helping to finance an SAF-run weapons company that had already been sanctioned by Washington.[55][56]
A temporary ceasefire was declared in Babanusa to allow the evacuation of civilians following mediation by the Misseriya paramount chief, Mukhtar Babu Nimr, and other tribal leaders.[57]
A massive internet outage affected 65% of Sudan's population, with responsibility being attributed to either the SAF, the RSF, and Bashir loyalists.[58]
The hacking group Anonymous Sudan claimed to have disabled all internet services in Djibouti as part of a cyberattack to protest the country's relations with the RSF.[59]
The SAF said it had broken the RSF's siege on its Corps of Engineers headquarters in Omdurman after units from the north of the city linked up with forces from the garrison at the Al-Thawra neighborhood.[63]
The SAF ordered an investigation after video emerged on social media of its soldiers showing off the heads of two suspected RSF members.[64]
JEM troops arrived in the Wadi Seidna military base in Omdurman for the first time, along with other movements, and met with army leaders such as Yasser El-Atta.[65]
Burhan met with the 3rd Infantry Division in Shendi, and vowed to continue the ongoing conflict between the RSF until they are "completely defeated."[66]
The RSF carried out arrests among civilians in Kreinik, West Darfur, mostly targeting young people and activists on charges of transmitting reports of RSF violations in the region.[67]
Five people were killed in an RSF raid on the village of El Doudiya, West Kordofan. Four paramilitaries were subsequently killed after being pursued by armed residents into Um Samima, North Kordofan.[79]
The SAF claimed to have retaken the Wad al-Bashir Bridge connecting the old center of Omdurman and the Ombadda neighborhood.[81] It also announced the capture of 14 South Sudanese accused of fighting for the RSF in Omdurman.[82]
Fourteen people, including 11 children and two teachers, were killed in an SAF airstrike on a school in El Hadra, South Kordofan.[83]
The shrine of the Sufi leader Sheikh Hassan Al-Fatih Qaribullah in the Wad Nubawi neighborhood of Omdurman was damaged in an attack, with the SAF and the RSF trading blame.[86]
The RSF attacked an SLM-Nur convoy near El Fasher, inflicting several casualties, destroying four vehicles and capturing five SLM personnel, including the convoy's commander, whom they later released.[95][96]
Twelve people were killed and 30 others were injured after a drone attack in Atbara that struck an iftar gathering organised by the Al-Baraa Islamic militia that is allied with the SAF.[100]
The SAF launched airstrikes on the RSF-controlled 16th Infantry Division Command and several neighborhoods in Nyala.[101]
Sudanese prosecutors filed capital offence charges of incitement to war against the state, undermining the constitutional order, and crimes against humanity against Abdallah Hamdok and 15 other Taqaddum members.[102]
The SAF claimed to have retaken the town of Al-Qalaa Al-Bayda, 30 kilometers east of Wad Madani, from the RSF.[105] It also claimed to have entered Medina Arab, 15 kilometers west of Wad Madani.[106]
The headquarters of the SAF's Security and Intelligence Services in Al Faw, Gedaref State, was struck by two drones, injuring three people. A third drone was shot down.[108]
Fighting broke out in El Fasher between the SLM-TC and another breakaway faction of the SLM led by Salah Rasas that supported the SAF, leaving several dead.[111]
The RSF attacked 16 villages west of El Fasher,[112] killing at least 10 people and injuring 28 others.[113]
Burhan ordered the dismissal of foreign minister Ali Al-Sadiq Ali as well as governors Mohamed Mousa and Mohamed Abdelrahman of Kassala and Gedaref States.[118]
Shelling in El Obeid killed one person. Two people were killed by SAF raids on RSF targets in Wad Madani. The RSF raided an SAF garrison in Er Rahad, North Kordofan.[119]
The SAF claimed to have thwarted an attack on the command centre of its 3rd Infantry Division in Shendi, which occurred shortly following a visit by Burhan, shooting down two drones and "neutralizing" a third, while a fourth one changed its direction.[121]
The SAF claimed to have retaken the Jabal al-Ain military base and the nearby village of Abu al-Ghar, 20 kilometers east of El-Obeid, from the RSF, as well as the headquarters of the Police Central Reserve Forces in the city.[128] Both the SAF and the RSF also claimed control of Mount Kordofan, 20 kilometers east of El-Obeid.[129]
At least 27 people were killed following two days of clashes between the SAF and the RSF in El Fasher.[131] Fifteen people were killed in an RSF attack on the Abu Haraz market in El Obeid.[130]
The SAF shelled the Republican Palace complex in Khartoum, setting fire to parts of the old building.[132] It also claimed to have shot down two drones targeting Wad Zayed Airport in Gedaref State.[133]
The US imposed sanctions on the RSF's head of operations Osman Mohamed Hamid Mohamed and its commander in Central Darfur Ali Yagoub Gibril for their role in the fighting in North Darfur.[134]
Burhan had a phone call with United States Secretary of StateAntony Blinken, who requested the resumption of negotiations with the RSF in Jeddah. However, the Sudanese government declined, citing the lack of prior consultation and the need for established peace foundations.[145][146]
The SAF overran RSF positions on the eastern side of the Halfiya Bridge connecting Omdurman and Khartoum Bahri and claimed to have made advances in the latter city before withdrawing, adding that it had sustained seven soldiers killed and 28 injured. The RSF claimed to have shot down an SAF helicopter over Khartoum Bahri.[147]
Eleven people were killed in clashes between the SAF and the RSF in El Fasher, during which the latter claimed to have taken control over the Al-Wahda neighbourhood.[148]
At least 85 civilians were killed and over 110 injured in clashes between the SAF and RSF in El Fasher. RSF fighters briefly entered the Al-Wohda and Al-Salam neighbourhoods west of El Fasher before being repelled by SAF forces.[150]
The RSF was accused of executing nine civilians who were taken from a vehicle carrying refugees from El Fasher to Mellit.[151]
The RSF attacked the El Fasher South Hospital, the only operational facility in the city handling mass casualties, killing and injuring several patients and staff before withdrawing following clashes with the SAF and allied militias.[156][157]
The SAF claimed to have broken the RSF siege on the 22nd Infantry Division garrison in Babanusa, in addition to retaking the Al-Salam, Al-Posta, and Al-Sikka neighbourhooods as well as the city's markets.[158]
The United Nations Security Council voted 14-0 in favor of a UK-drafted resolution calling for an end to the RSF's siege of El Fasher, with Russia abstaining.[160]
Fourteen people were killed and 25 others injured by RSF shelling of the Abu Shouk IDP camp in El Fasher. Four people were killed by SAF airstrikes in Kutum.[162]
The RSF captured the West Kordofan capital of Al-Fulah after a few hours of fighting that displaced civilians and forced the SAF to retreat to Babanusa.[164]
Authorities in Gedaref State announced the arrest of six Ethiopian women on suspicion of working as snipers for the RSF.[165]
The RSF accused the SAF of setting the Bahri thermal station in Khartoum Bahri on fire following a bombing.[167]
Clashes broke out in Balanja, Libya between the units of the SLM-MM and forces loyal to General Mohamed Bakhit Ajab Al-Dor, a pro-RSF defector from the Revolutionary Awakening Council.[168]
The RSF advanced into Sennar State, capturing the Jebel Moya area and its capital Singa, including the headquarters of the SAF's 17th Infantry Division and the police garrison.[173][174]
In a massive advance, the RSF captured large swaths of territory and the settlements of Mazmoum, Wad an-Nail, Suki and Dinder, and were advancing towards the border of South Sudan.[178]
The SAF recaptured the Doha neighbourhood and its surroundings in Omdurman from the RSF.[179]
The RSF captured Al-Meiram, West Kordofan,[182][183] which hosted the garrison of the SAF's 92nd Brigade, prompting the latter's units to flee to South Sudan.[184]
Two people were injured in a drone attack on the headquarters of the Gedaref state government in Gedaref city.[188]
The El Baraa Bin Malik Brigade, an Islamist group allied with the SAF, reported that Hudheifa Adam, the commander of its southern sector covering Sennar and Blue Nile states, was killed in action in Mairuno, south of Sennar city, along with Gusay Bushra, its commander in Sennar state.[189]
The government of Khartoum State ordered all foreign nationals to leave its territory within two weeks, citing safety reasons.[190]