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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
( R e d i r e c t e d f r o m U N P O )
Belgium-based international organization formed in 1991
This article's
factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. The reason given is: outdated membership.
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2024 )
The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization , or simply UNPO is an international organization established to facilitate the voices of unrepresented and marginalised nations and peoples worldwide. It was formed on 11 February 1991[3] [4] in The Hague , Netherlands . Its members consist of indigenous peoples , minorities , and unrecognised or occupied territories.
UNPO works to develop the understanding of and respect for the right to self-determination , provides advice and support related to questions of international recognition and political autonomy , trains groups on how to advocate for their causes effectively, and directly advocates for an international response to human rights violations perpetrated against UNPO member groups. Some former members, such as Armenia , East Timor , Estonia , Latvia , Georgia and Palau , have gained full independence and joined the United Nations (UN ).[5] [6]
Throughout 2023, UNPO conducted several training sessions aimed at empowering its members and youth activists. Sessions included in-person training for Asia Pacific members in Geneva, online cybersecurity training, a cybersecurity training in person for the Baluch community in Stockholm, and a youth study session supported by the Council of Europe, emphasizing the importance of acquiring and improving necessary skills for advocacy within marginalized communities. [7]
History [ edit ]
UNPO was conceived of in the 1980s by leaders of self-determination movements, Linnart Mäll of the Congress of Estonia , Erkin Alptekin of East Turkestan , and Lodi Gyari of Tibet , together with Michael van Walt van Praag [nl ] , along with the international law adviser of the 14th Dalai Lama . The founders were representatives of national movements of Estonia, Latvia, Tibet, Crimean Tatars, Armenia, Georgia, Tatarstan, East Turkestan, East Timor, Australian Aboriginals , the Cordillera in the Philippines, the Greek minority in Albania , Kurdistan, Palau, Taiwan, and West Papua.[8] A key UNPO goal was, and remains, to replicate the success of the 14th Dalai Lama 's and the Tibetan people's non-violent message in the face of oppression and occupation.[9] [10]
UNPO chose for its founding headquarters in 1991 The Hague in the Netherlands because the city aimed at becoming the International City of Peace and Justice and hosts international courts like the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and International Criminal Court (ICC) . A Foundation was established in the Netherlands to provide secretarial support to the UNPO General Assembly and to carry out research and educational activities related to unrepresented peoples worldwide. The Foundation maintains a permanent presence before the European Union, United States and United Nations. It is funded by a combination of member contributions, donations from individuals and project-based grants from foundations.[citation needed ]
UNPO's vision is to affirm democracy as a fundamental human right, implement human, civil and political rights worldwide, uphold the universal right to autonomy and self-determination, and further federalism. It encourages nonviolent methodologies to reach peaceful solutions to conflicts and oppression. UNPO supports members in getting their human and cultural rights respected and in preserving their environments. The organization provides a forum for members to network and assists them in participating at an international level.[9]
Although UNPO members often have different goals, they have one thing in common: they are generally not represented diplomatically (or only with a minor status, such as observer) in major international institutions, such as the United Nations (UN ). As a result, their ability to have their concerns addressed by the global bodies mandated to protect human rights and address conflict is limited.[9]
UNPO is dedicated to the five principles enshrined in its Covenant :
All members are required to sign and abide by the UNPO Covenant.[11] UNPO members are required to be nonviolent .[12]
Members [ edit ]
The following are listed as members by the UNPO.[13]
Original members are listed with pink background and in bold .
Members who are recognised as independent countries by at least 1 UN Member or by other countries recognised by at least 1 UN member are marked by asterisk (*).
Former members [ edit ]
Some members of the UNPO have left because of United Nations (UN ) recognition, autonomy agreements, or for other reasons.
The following lists former and suspended members.[13]
Former members who became part of the UN are highlighted with a blue background and italics . Original members (from 11 February 1991) are listed with pink background and in bold . Former members who are recognised as independent countries by at least 1 UN Member or by other countries recognised by at least 1 UN member are marked by asterisk (*). Suspended members are marked by yellow background .
Suspensions [ edit ]
UNPO's representing nations may become suspended from the Organization if they fail to follow its covenant.[117]
In 24 January 1993, Khalistan was briefly admitted in the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, but was suspended a few months after its admission. The membership suspension was made permanent on 22 January 1995.[118] [119]
Scania was also suspended on 18 September 2011.[120]
Leadership [ edit ]
Secretaries general [121]
Chair/Presidents of the General Assembly
Special Executive Director
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ "UNPO World Statesman.org" . Worldstatesman. Archived from the original on 27 April 2020. Retrieved 7 February 2012 .
^ "About UNPO" . UNPO . Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2012 .
^ Crossette, Barbara (18 December 1994). "Those Knocking, Unheeded, at UN's Doors Find Champion" . New York Times .
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^ "UNPO: UNPO's Journey of Empowerment: The 2023-2024 Activity Report in Global Advocacy and Solidarity" . unpo.org . Retrieved 19 June 2024 .
^ a b Simmons, Mary Kate, ed. (1996). Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization Yearbook 1995 . Kluwer Law International. pp. 1–3. ISBN 90-411-0223-X . OCLC 36779050 .
^ a b c UNPO 20th Anniversary Publication: Twenty Years of Promoting Nonviolence, Human Rights and Self Determination (PDF) . The Hague, Netherlands: UNPO . 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 6 September 2012 .
^ Gluckman, Ron (1998). "World's wanna-be republics find a home with UNPO" . Asiaweek . Archived from the original on 25 November 2010. Retrieved 4 November 2010 .
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^ Bob, Clifford (2005). The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and International Activism . Cambridge University Press . pp. 47–48, 76–77.
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^ "UNPO: Albanians in Macedonia" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Amazigh" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Ambazonia" . unpo.org . Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2022 .
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^ "UNPO: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Chin" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
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^ "UNPO: Gagauzia" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Georgia" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Greek Minority in Albania" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Hungarian Minority in Romania" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Ingushetia" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Inkeri" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Iraqi Kurdistan" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Iraqi Turkmen" . UNPO . 11 March 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
^ "UNPO: Kalahui Hawaii" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 18 October 2018.
^ "UNPO: Karenni State" . UNPO . 6 June 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019 .
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^ Faultlines . Vol. 19. Institute for Conflict Management. 2008. p. 108. OCLC 953841033 . Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2019 – via Google Books .
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External links [ edit ]
t
e
Rights
Governmental organizations
Non-governmental and political organizations
Issues
Legal representation
Historical cases
t
e
Africa
Asia
Europe
North America
Oceania
International
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Other
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization&oldid=1230669614 "
C a t e g o r i e s :
● U n r e p r e s e n t e d N a t i o n s a n d P e o p l e s O r g a n i z a t i o n
● I n t e r n a t i o n a l n o n g o v e r n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s
● H u m a n r i g h t s o r g a n i s a t i o n s b a s e d i n t h e N e t h e r l a n d s
● O r g a n i s a t i o n s b a s e d i n T h e H a g u e
● O r g a n i z a t i o n s e s t a b l i s h e d i n 1 9 9 1
● 1 9 9 1 e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n B e l g i u m
● R e c i p i e n t s o f t h e E u r o p e a n C i t i z e n ' s P r i z e
H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n
● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a
● A r t i c l e s w i t h o b s o l e t e i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m M a r c h 2 0 2 4
● A l l W i k i p e d i a a r t i c l e s i n n e e d o f u p d a t i n g
● U s e d m y d a t e s f r o m S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 9
● P a g e s u s i n g i n f o b o x c o u n t r y o r i n f o b o x f o r m e r c o u n t r y w i t h t h e s y m b o l c a p t i o n o r t y p e p a r a m e t e r s
● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 1
● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h f a i l e d v e r i f i c a t i o n
● A r t i c l e s w i t h f a i l e d v e r i f i c a t i o n f r o m J a n u a r y 2 0 1 9
● A r t i c l e s w i t h I S N I i d e n t i f i e r s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h V I A F i d e n t i f i e r s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h G N D i d e n t i f i e r s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h J 9 U i d e n t i f i e r s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h L C C N i d e n t i f i e r s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h S U D O C i d e n t i f i e r s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 4 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 0 1 : 1 9 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
● P r i v a c y p o l i c y
● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a
● D i s c l a i m e r s
● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a
● C o d e o f C o n d u c t
● D e v e l o p e r s
● S t a t i s t i c s
● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t
● M o b i l e v i e w