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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Processes  





2 See also  





3 References  





4 Further reading  














Upgrader






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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Anupgrader is a facility that upgrades bitumen (extra heavy oil) into synthetic crude oil. Upgrader plants are typically located close to oil sands production, for example, the Athabasca oil sandsinAlberta, Canada or the Orinoco tar sandsinVenezuela.

Processes

[edit]

Upgrading means using fractional distillation and/or chemical treatment to convert bitumen so it can be handled by oil refineries. At a minimum, this means reducing its viscosity so that it can be pumped through pipelines (bitumen is 1000x more viscous than light crude oil). However this process often also includes separating out heavy fractions and reducing sulfur, nitrogen and metals like nickel and vanadium.

Upgrading may involve multiple processes:

Research into using biotechnology to perform some of these processes at lower temperatures and cost is ongoing.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Study of Selected Petroleum Refining Residuals (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. August 1996. p. 107.

Further reading

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upgrader&oldid=1155074682"

Categories: 
Bituminous sands
Petroleum production
Petroleum technology
Industrial buildings and structures
Chemical plants
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This page was last edited on 16 May 2023, at 13:49 (UTC).

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