| Hieroglyph | Proto-Sinaitic | IPA value | Reconstructed name | Proto-Canaanite | Ancient South Arabian | Phoenician | Archaic Greek | Imperial Aramaic | Hebrew | Nabataean (from Aramaic) |
Arabic | Other* | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
/ʔ/ | ʾalp "ox" | 
|
𐩱 | 
|
|
|
א | 
|
ء ا | 𐌀 A | ||||||
|
|
/b/ | bayt "house" | 
|
𐩨 | 
|
|
|
ב | 
|
بـ ب | Β 𐌁 B | ||||||
|
|
/g/ | gaml "throwstick" | 
|
𐩴 | 
|
|
|
ג | 
|
جـ ج | ΓC G | ||||||
|
|
/d/ | dag "fish" | 
|
𐩵 | 
|
|
|
ד | 
|
ﺩ | Δ 𐌃 D | ||||||
|
|
/h/ | haw/hillul "praise" | 
|
𐩠 | 
|
|
|
ה | 
|
هـ ه | Ε 𐌄 E | ||||||
|
|
/w/ | waw/uph "fowl" | 
|
𐩥 | 
|
 
|
|
ו | 
|
ﻭ | Ϝ Υ 𐌅 𐌖 F U W V Y | ||||||
|
|
/z/ | zayn/zayt "oxhide ingot", "sword" | 
|
𐩸 | 
|
|
|
ז | 
|
ﺯ | Z I Z 𐌆 | ||||||
| /ð/ | ḏiqq "manacle" | 
|
𐩹 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
/ħ/ | ḥaṣr "courtyard" | 
|
𐩢 | 
|
   
|
|
ח | 
|
حـ ح | Η H 𐌇 | ||||||
|
/x/ | ḫayt "thread" | 
| |||||||||||||||
|
|
/tˤ/ | ṭab "good" | 
|
𐩷 | 
|
|
|
ט | 
|
ﻁ |  ϴ 𐌈
| ||||||
|
 
|
/j/ | yad "hand" | 
|
𐩺 | 
|
|
|
י | 
|
يـ ي | Ι 𐌉 I J | ||||||
|
|
/k/ | kap "palm" | 
|
𐩫 | 
|
 
|
|
כ, ך | 
|
كـ ك | Κ 𐌊 K | ||||||
|
|
/l/ | lamd "goad" | 
|
𐩡 | 
|
    
|
|
ל | 
|
لـ ل | Λ 𐌋 L ϟ | ||||||
|
|
/m/ | maym "water" | 
|
𐩣 | 
|
 
|
|
מ, ם | 
|
مـ م | Μ 𐌌 M | ||||||
|
|
/n/ | naḥaš "snake" | 
|
𐩬 | 
|
|
|
נ, ן | 
|
نـ ن | Ν 𐌍 N | ||||||
|
 
|
/s/ | ṡamk "peg" | 
|
𐩯 | 
|
|
|
ס | 
|
سـ س |  𐌎
| ||||||
|
|
/ʕ/ | ʿayn "eye" | 
|
𐩲 | 
|
|
|
ע | 
|
عـ ـعـ ع | Ο 𐌏 O | ||||||
|
𓎛 
|
/ɣ/ | ġabiʿ "calyx" | 
|
𐩶 | غ 𐎙 | ||||||||||||
|
|
/p/ | pʿit "corner" | 
|
𐩰 | 
|
|
|
פ, ף | 
|
فـ ف |  Π P 𐌐
| ||||||
|
  
|
/sˤ/ | ṣaday "plant" | 
|
𐩮 | 
|
|
 
|
צ, ץ | 
|
صـ ص |  Ϻ ϡ 𐌑 𐎕
| ||||||
|
|
/kˤ/ or /q/ | qoba "needle/nape/monkey" | 
|
𐩤 | 
|
 
|
|
ק | 
|
قـ ﻕ |   Ϙ  Φ Q 𐌘
| ||||||
|
|
/r/ | raʾš "head" | 
|
𐩧 | 
|
   
|
|
ר | 
|
ﺭ | Ρ 𐌓 R
| ||||||
|
|
/ʃ/ | šimš "sun" | 
|
𐩦 | 
|
 
|
|
שׁ | 
|
شـ ش | Σ 𐌔 S | ||||||
|
|
/ɬ/ | śadeh "field, land" | שׂ | ||||||||||||||
| /θ/ | ṯann "bow" | 
|
𐩳 | 
|
|
ת | 
|
تـ ﺕ | Τ 𐌕 T | |||||||||
|
|
/t/ | tāw "mark" | 
|
𐩩 | 
|
תּ |
From Proto-Sinaitic_script Dec. 2020
