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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
The Resource Management Act 1991 , the major Act of Parliament determining land use, defines wetlands as "permanently or intermittently wet areas, shallow water, and land water margins that support a natural ecosystem of plants and animals that area adapted to wet conditions". The Ramsar Convention , an international conservation agreement for wetlands to which New Zealand signed up to in 1971, has a wider definition of wetland.[1]
Since the mid-19th century, New Zealand has lost about 90% of its wetland areas due to draining for farming. Many remaining wetlands are also degraded due to pollution, grazing, drainage and presence of invasive plants . In the late 20th and early 21st century, efforts have been made towards wetland conservation .[2]
Ramsar sites
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The Department of Conservation currently administers seven Ramsar sites protected under the Ramsar Convention , covering an area of about 56,000 hectares (140,000 acres).[3] [4]
Other wetlands
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Other notable wetlands in New Zealand include Ahukawakawa Swamp , Aramoana , the Kepler Mire , Kai Iwi Lakes , the Sinclair Wetlands , and Te Henga , as well as areas around the lower reaches of the Waikato River .
The Rakatu Wetlands in the South Island are part of an ecological restoration project set up address the environmental effects of the construction of the Manapouri Power Station .
Travis Wetland is a restoration project covering 116 hectares (290 acres) of land in urban Christchurch .
See also
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References
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^ "Chapter 7: Key points" . State of New Zealand's Environment 1997 . Ministry for the Environment. Retrieved 28 May 2010 . Wetland areas have been reduced by about 85 percent in the last century and a half, from nearly 700,000 hectares to about 100,000 hectares.
^ "Who administers the convention?: About DOC's international wetlands role" . Department of Conservation. 2012. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012 .
^ "Site list" (PDF) . ramsar.org . Ramsar .
Further reading
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Cromarty, P.; Scott, D.A, eds. (1995). A Directory of Wetlands in New Zealand (PDF) . Wellington: Department of Conservation. ISBN 0-478-01776-6
Johnson, Peter N (1998). Wetland plants in New Zealand . Canterbury, N.Z.: Manaaki Whenua Press. ISBN 9780478093216
Johnson, Peter; Gerbeaux, Philippe (2004). Wetland types in New Zealand (PDF) . Wellington, N.Z.: Dept. of Conservation. ISBN 978-0-478-22604-1
Hunt, Janet (2007). Wetlands of New Zealand . Random House New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-86941-904-2
Tanner, C.C.; Sukias, J.P.S.; Yates, C.R. (2010), New Zealand Guidelines for Constructed Wetland Treatment of Tile Drainage (PDF) , NIWA Information Series No. 75, NIWA, ISSN 1174-264X
Peters, Monica; B. R Clarkson (2010). Wetland restoration : a handbook for New Zealand freshwater systems ISBN 978-0-478-34706-7
"Arawai Kakariki wetland restoration programme 2007-2010: Implementation report" . Department of Conservation. December 2011.
External links
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t
e
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wetlands_of_New_Zealand&oldid=1230710346 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● W e t l a n d s o f N e w Z e a l a n d ● N e w Z e a l a n d g e o g r a p h y s t u b s H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● U s e N e w Z e a l a n d E n g l i s h f r o m A p r i l 2 0 2 4 ● A l l W i k i p e d i a a r t i c l e s w r i t t e n i n N e w Z e a l a n d E n g l i s h ● U s e d m y d a t e s f r o m S e p t e m b e r 2 0 2 1 ● A l l s t u b a r t i c l e s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 4 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 0 7 : 4 4 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
