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Vitiges was the husband of Queen Amalasuntha's only surviving child, Matasuntha;[2] therefore, his royal legitimacy was based on this marriage.[3] The panegyric upon the wedding in 536 was delivered by Cassiodorus, the praetorian prefect, and survives, a traditionally Roman form of rhetoric that set the Gothic dynasty in a flatteringly Roman light. Soon after he was made king, Vitiges had his predecessor Theodahad murdered.[4] Theodahad had enraged the Goths because he failed to send any assistance to Naples when it was besieged by the Byzantines, led by Belisarius.
Belisarius took both Vitiges and Matasuntha captive to Constantinople,[5] and Vitiges died there in 542, without any children. Procopius described parallels among the deposition of Vitiges and Croesus, king of Lydia.[3] After his death, Matasuntha married the patrician Germanus Justinus, a cousin of Justinian I through his uncle Justin I.[6]
