The engine was revealed in 2021 without a target launch vehicle. In its presentation video, it was shown in a five engine configuration on a 3.35m diameter first stage and as a single engine on the second stage.[1][3] As of October 2021, it was in an advanced state of development, with six fully assembled prototypes some of which had achieved over 200 seconds of test firing. It was stated that it could be ready by 2022.[1] A reusable version, YF-102R could be ready by 2026 according to the manufacturer.[1]
In 2023, Space Pioneer, a Chinese private aerospace startup used YF-102 engines to power its Tianlong-2 Rocket. Tianlong-2 is a medium-sized, 3-stage rocket powered by RP-1 and liquid oxygen, with a payload capability of 2 tonnes to LEO and 1.5 tonnes to SSO.[6] Each of the stages of the Tianlong-2 rocket is equipped with a YF-102 gas generator engine, which develops 85 tons of thrust.[7] The three first-stage YF-102 were arranged in a triangular arrangement.[8]
^CN 114046213, Liu, Shang; Wang, Tong & Han, Hongwei et al., "Open type liquid oxygen kerosene engine system and thrust adjusting method thereof", published 2022-02-15, assigned to Xian Aerospace Propulsion Institute