Ybyrai Altynsarin
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Ыбырай Алтынсарин
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| Born | Ibrahim Altynsarin (1841-11-01)1 November 1841
Turgay Oblast, Russian Empire (now Kazakhstan)
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| Died | 29 July 1889(1889-07-29) (aged 47)
Kostanay, Turgay Oblast, Russian Empire (now Kazakhstan)
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| Known for | Progressive activism, pedagogy |
Ybyrai (Ibrahim) Altynsarin (Kazakh: Ыбырай Алтынсарин, Ybyrai Altynsarin; Russian: Ибрай Алтынсарин; 1 November [O.S. 20 October] 1841 – 29 July [O.S. 17 July] 1889) was a major figure in pre-Soviet Kazakh history. He was the most prominent Kazakh educator of the late 19th century, during the period of Russian colonization of and cultural influence in Kazakhstan.
Ibrahim Altynsarin was born in the Araqaraghai region of Turgay Oblast (now Kostanay Province) of modern-day Kazakhstan and in his early career he was an inspector of Torghai schools. Like all ethnic Kazakhs, Ibrahim was raised in an Islamic family that valued tradition and religion over many other aspects of life. Due to the influx of Russian influence in the area, though, he developed more progressive views for Kazakh society to westernize and accelerate. This allowed him to come up with multiple ways to modernize Kazakh society.
Ibrahim Altynsarin is best known for introducing the transition from the Perso-Arabic alphabet to the Cyrillic alphabet for the Kazakh language, and was a proponent of teaching in the Western style. Being a Muslim, though, he opposed the teaching of Orthodox Christian doctrines to non-Russian Kazakhs, but at the same time urged resistance to Tatar language and culture, in favor of Russian and Western influences. As an educator, he opened numerous Kazakh-Russian boarding schools, technical schools and schools for girls.
Altynsarin is also credited with authoring the first Kazakh grammar book, the first Kazakh-Russian newspaper, and with translation of a large number of textbooks and reference works. He was honored by the Imperial Russian government with numerous awards, including the title statski sovetnik (State Counsellor).
A number of Kazakh institutions, including the Kazakh Academy of Education, Arkalyk State Pedagogical Institute and some streets, schools, and academic awards, are named after Altynsarin. There is an Altynsarin museum in Kostanay.
Ybyrai grew up with his grandfather because of the early death of his father. He perfectly finished the school in Orynbor.
In his last years, he decides to move 3 kilometers away from Kostanay and builds a house there, near the river Tobyl. He works here until his death. He was buried near the river, near his father's coffin.
When he was approximately 3 years old, his dad passed away. So he had no choice, but to be raised by his grandfather, Balgozha biy. His grandpa wanted his grandson to be competent and to become a bright person, so he was listed in school in Orynbor, a famous and improving city for his time. His grandfather would send him envelopes with news:
Үміт еткен көзімнің нұры – балам,
Жаныңа жәрдем берсін Хақ тағалам.
Атаң мұнда анаңмен есен-аман,
Сүйіп сәлем жазады бүгін саған.
Атаңды сағындым деп асығарсың,
Надан боп білмей қалсаң, аһ ұрарсың.
Шырағым, мұнда жүрсең не етер едің,
Қолыңа құрық алып кетер едің.
Тентіреп екі ауылдың арасында
Жүргенмен, не мұратқа жетер едің?!
The light of my eyes, only hope is my child,
May the Almighty help you.
Your grandfather is safe here with your mother,
Greetings to you today.
You are in a hurry to miss your grandfather,
If you are ignorant, you will sigh.
My precious, what would you do if you were here,
You would take a handkerchief.
Wandering between the two villages
What would you achieve if you're just dawdling?!
A mausoleum and museum were constructed on the site of Altynsarin's final resting place in Kostanay, Kazakhstan.[1]
On November 2, 2021, the country of Kazakhstan recognized the celebration of 190 years since the birth of the prominent Kazakh educated, Ybrai Altynsarin. [2]
On December 30, 2021, a monument was opened in honor of Altynsarin in Almaty.[3]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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