Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script is an official standard of Romanization of Belarusian geographical names.
The instruction was adopted by a decree of the Belarusian State Committee on Land Resources, Geodetics and Cartography (2000-11-23). The official name of the document is: Russian: «Инструкция по транслитерации географических названий Республики Беларусь буквами латинского алфавита». The document had been published in the National registry of the judicial acts of the Republic Belarus (issue №3, 2001-01-11).
It is reported in the press that since October 2006 this instruction is recommended[1] for use by the Working Group on Romanization Systems of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN).[2] The final decision of the UN was planned for a 2007 conference.
The system was modified again on 11 June 2007, mainly in order to conform with the recommendations of the UN WGRS, which advise avoiding the use of digraphs if possible, and adopted by the UN in version 3.0 of their romanization report, 17 March 2008.[3] The transliteration standard is based on the traditional Belarusian Latin alphabet (Łacinka).[4]
In February 2013 the system was recommended for adoption as the international system for the romanization of Belarusian geographical names.[4][5]
The instruction replaces the previous equivalent regulations and sets up the rules of the rendering of the Belarusian geographical names, which are mandatory on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, when producing the cartographic and other (equivalent?) goods, destined for the international use.
Three diacritical signs are used:
| Cyrillic | Romanization | Special provision | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| А а | A а | - | Аршанскi - Aršanski |
| Б б | B b | - | Бешанковiчы - Biešankovičy |
| В в | V v | - | Вiцебск - Viciebsk |
| Г г | H h | - | Гомель - Homieĺ, Гаўя - Наŭjа |
| Д д | D d | - | Добруш - Dobruš |
| Е е | Je je | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ельск - Jеĺsk, Бабаедава - Babajedava |
| iе | After the consonants. | Лепель - Liepieĺ | |
| Ё ё | Jo jo | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ёды - Jody, Вераб’ёвiчы - Vierabjovičy |
| io | After the consonants. | Мёры - Miory | |
| Ж ж | Ž ž | - | Жодзiшкi - Žodziški |
| З з | Z z | - | Зэльва - Zeĺva |
| І і | I i | - | Iванава - Ivanava, Iўе - Iŭje |
| Й й | J j | - | Лагойск - Lahojsk |
| К к | K k | - | Круглае - Kruhlaje |
| Л л | L l | - | Любань - Liubań |
| М м | M m | - | Магiлёў - Mahilioŭ |
| Н н | N n | - | Нясвiж - Niasviž |
| О о | O o | - | Орша - Orša |
| П п | P p | - | Паставы - Pastavy |
| Р р | R r | - | Рагачоў - Rahačoŭ |
| С с | S s | - | Светлагорск - Svietlahorsk |
| Т т | T t | - | Талачын - Talačyn |
| У у | U u | - | Узда - Uzda |
| Ў ў | Ŭ ŭ | - | Шаркаўшчына - Šarkaŭščyna |
| Ф ф | F f | - | Фанiпаль - Fanipaĺ |
| Х х | Ch ch | - | Хоцiмск - Chocimsk |
| Ц ц | C c | - | Цёмны Лес - Ciоmny Lies |
| Ч ч | Č č | - | Чавусы - Čavusy |
| Ш ш | Š š | - | Шумiлiна - Šumilina |
| ’(apostrophe) | - | Not transliterated. | Раз’езд - Razjezd |
| Ы ы | Y y | - | Чыгiрынка - Čyhirynka |
| Ь ь | ´ (acute accent) | Combining acute. | дзь = dź, зь = ź, ль = ĺ, нь = ń, сь = ś, ць = ć. Example: Чэрвень - Červień |
| Э э | E e | - | Чачэрск - Čačersk |
| Ю ю | Ju ju | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Юхнаўка - Juchnaŭka, Гаюцiна - Hajucina |
| iu | After the consonants. | Любонiчы - Liuboničy | |
| Я я | Ja ja | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ямнае - Jamnaje, Баяры - Bajary |
| iа | After the consonants. | Вязынка - Viazynka, Bаляр’яны - Valiarjany |
Note: The initial 2000 version differed from the above: ў = ú, ь = ’ (apostrophe; e.g., дзь = dz’, зь = z’, ль = l’, нь = n’, сь = s’, ць = c’).