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ShortDescBot adding short description "Family of fungi"
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Altered isbn. Added bibcode. Upgrade ISBN10 to 13. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Ascomycota families | #UCB_Category 28/184
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| image_caption = ''[[Claviceps purpurea]]'' |
| image_caption = ''[[Claviceps purpurea]]'' |
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| taxon = Clavicipitaceae |
| taxon = Clavicipitaceae |
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| authority = |
| authority = (Lindau) Earle (1901) |
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| type_genus = ''Claviceps'' |
| type_genus = ''Claviceps'' |
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| type_genus_authority = [[Tul.]] (1853) |
| type_genus_authority = [[Tul.]] (1853) |
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The '''Clavicipitaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[fungi]] within the order [[Hypocreales]]. A 2008 estimate placed 43 [[genus|genera]] in the family,<ref name="Kirk et al. 2008">{{cite book |vauthors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford |year=2008|page=150 |isbn=0-85199-826- |
The '''Clavicipitaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[fungi]] within the order [[Hypocreales]]. A 2008 estimate placed 43 [[genus|genera]] in the family,<ref name="Kirk et al. 2008">{{cite book |vauthors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford |year=2008|page=150 |isbn=978-0-85199-826-8}}</ref> but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=Nalin |last2=Hyde |first2=Kevin |first3=Laith Khalil Tawfeeq |last3=Al-Ani |last4=Somayeh |first4=Dolatabadi |last5=Stadler |first5=Marc |last6=Haelewaters |first6=Danny |last7=Tsurykau |first7=Andrei |last8=Mesic |first8=Armin |last9=Navathe |first9=Sudhir |last10=Papp |first10=Viktor |last11=Oliveira Fiuza |first11=Patrícia |last12=Vázquez |first12=Víctor |last13=Gautam |first13=Ajay |last14=Becerra |first14=Alejandra G. |last15=Ekanayaka |first15=Anusha |last16=K. C. |first16=Rajeshkumar |last17=Bezerra |first17=Jadson |last18=Matočec |first18=Neven |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=Sajeewa |last20=Suetrong |first20=Satinee |year=2020 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=11 |pages=1060–1456 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 |doi-access=free|hdl=10481/61998 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> |
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==Phylogeny== |
==Phylogeny== |
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Molecular [[phylogeny|phylogenetic]] analysis of multigene DNA sequence data indicates the [[taxon]] Clavicipitaceae is [[paraphyletic]], and consists of three well-defined [[cladistics|clade]]s, at least one of which is shared with members of another fungal family ([[Hypocreaceae]]).<ref name="pmid17555990">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sung GH, Sung JM, Hywel-Jones NL, Spatafora JW |title=A multi-gene phylogeny of Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota, Fungi): identification of localized incongruence using a combinational bootstrap approach |journal=Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=1204–23 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17555990 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.03.011 }}</ref> The evolution within the Clavicipitaceae is marked by interkingdom host jumping, and the range of this large and heterogeneous fungal group spans mutualistic plant symbionts, as well as parasites of plants, insects, and other fungi.<ref name="Spatafora">{{cite journal|vauthors=Spatafora JW, Sung GH, Sung JM, Hywel-Jones NL, ((White JF Jr))|year= 2007|title=Phylogenetic evidence for an animal pathogen origin of ergot and the grass endophytes|journal= Mol. Ecol.|volume=16|pages= 1701–1711|pmid=17402984|doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03225.x|issue=8}}</ref> |
Molecular [[phylogeny|phylogenetic]] analysis of multigene DNA sequence data indicates the [[taxon]] Clavicipitaceae is [[paraphyletic]], and consists of three well-defined [[cladistics|clade]]s, at least one of which is shared with members of another fungal family ([[Hypocreaceae]]).<ref name="pmid17555990">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sung GH, Sung JM, Hywel-Jones NL, Spatafora JW |title=A multi-gene phylogeny of Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota, Fungi): identification of localized incongruence using a combinational bootstrap approach |journal=Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=1204–23 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17555990 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.03.011 |bibcode=2007MolPE..44.1204S }}</ref> The evolution within the Clavicipitaceae is marked by interkingdom host jumping, and the range of this large and heterogeneous fungal group spans mutualistic plant symbionts, as well as parasites of plants, insects, and other fungi.<ref name="Spatafora">{{cite journal|vauthors=Spatafora JW, Sung GH, Sung JM, Hywel-Jones NL, ((White JF Jr))|year= 2007|title=Phylogenetic evidence for an animal pathogen origin of ergot and the grass endophytes|journal= Mol. Ecol.|volume=16|pages= 1701–1711|pmid=17402984|doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03225.x|issue=8|bibcode= 2007MolEc..16.1701S}}</ref> |
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==Significance== |
==Significance== |
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| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
==Genera== |
==Genera== |
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Several genera, especially those previously described as "[[anamorph]]ic" (having no known sexual cycle) are now re-classified into other families, in light of |
Several genera, especially those previously described as "[[anamorph]]ic" (having no known sexual cycle) are now re-classified into other families, in light of current molecular and other evidence. ''Mycobank'' currently (July 2018) lists the following genera in this family.<ref>[http://www.mycobank.org/Biolomics.aspx?Table=Mycobank&MycoBankNr_=82061 Mycobank: Clavicipitaceae (retrieved 21 July 2018)]</ref> With additions (including no. of species) from Wijayawardene et al. 2020.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020"/> |
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{{div col|colwidth=22em}} |
{{div col|colwidth=22em}} |
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* ''[[Aciculosporium]]'' |
* ''[[Aciculosporium]]'' {{Au|I. Miyake}} (4) |
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* ''[[Akrophyton]]'' |
* ''[[Akrophyton]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Albomyces]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Allocordyceps]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Aschersonia]]'' {{Au|Mont.}} (170+) |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Atkinsonella]]'' {{Au|Diehl}} (2) |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Atricordyceps]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Balansia]]'' {{Au|Speg.}} (49) |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Balansiella]]'' |
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| ⚫ | |||
* ''[[Barya (fungus)|Barya]]'' |
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* ''[[Baryella]]'' |
* ''[[Baryella]]'' |
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* ''[[Belaina]]'' |
* ''[[Belaina]]'' |
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| Line 39: | Line 41: | ||
* ''[[Byssostilbe]]'' |
* ''[[Byssostilbe]]'' |
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* ''[[Campylothecium]]'' |
* ''[[Campylothecium]]'' |
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* ''[[Cavimalum]]'' |
* ''[[Cavimalum]]'' {{Au|Yoshim. Doi, Dargan & K.S. Thind}} (2) |
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* ''[[Cepsiclava]]'' |
* ''[[Cepsiclava]]'' |
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* ''[[Chamaeleomyces]]'' |
<!-- * ''[[Chamaeleomyces]]'' --> |
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* ''[[Chromostylium]]'' |
* ''[[Chromostylium]]'' |
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* ''[[Claviceps]]'' |
* ''[[Claviceps]]'' {{Au|Tul.}} (111) |
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* ''[[Collarina]]'' |
* ''[[Collarina]]'' {{Au|A. Giraldo, Gené & Guarro}} (1) |
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* ''[[Commelinaceomyces]]'' |
* ''[[Commelinaceomyces]]'' {{Au|E. Tanaka}} (4) |
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* ''[[Conoideocrella]]'' |
* ''[[Conoideocrella]]'' {{Au|D. Johnson, G.H. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora}} (3) |
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* ''[[Corallocytostroma]]'' |
* ''[[Corallocytostroma]]'' {{Au|Y.N. Yu & Z.Y. Zhang}} (2) |
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* ''[[Cordycepioideus]]'' |
* ''[[Cordycepioideus]]'' |
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* ''[[Cordylia]]'' |
* ''[[Cordylia]]'' |
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* ''[[Corynesphaera]]'' |
* ''[[Corynesphaera]]'' |
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* ''[[Diheterospora]]'' |
* ''[[Diheterospora]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Dothichloe]]'' |
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* ''[[Drechmeria]]'' |
* ''[[Drechmeria]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Dubiomyces]]'' |
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* ''[[Dussiella]]'' {{Au|Pat.}} (3) |
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* ''[[Echinodothis]]'' |
* ''[[Echinodothis]]'' |
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* ''[[Ephelis (fungus)|Ephelis]]'' |
* ''[[Ephelis (fungus)|Ephelis]]'' {{Au|Fr.}} (4) |
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* ''[[Epichloe]]'' {{Au|(Fr.) Tul. & C. Tul.}} (75) |
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| ⚫ | |||
* ''[[Epicrea]]'' |
* ''[[Epicrea]]'' {{Au|Petr.}} (1) |
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* ''[[Ergotaetia]]'' |
* ''[[Ergotaetia]]'' |
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* ''[[Fleischeria]]'' |
* ''[[Fleischeria]]'' |
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* ''[[Harposporium]]'' |
* ''[[Harposporium]]'' |
||
* ''[[ |
* ''[[Helicocollum]]'' {{Au|Luangsa-ard}} (3) |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Helminthascus]]'' {{Au|Tranzschel}} (1) |
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* ''[[Heteroepichloe]]'' {{Au|E. Tanaka, C. Tanaka, Gafur & Tsuda}} (2) |
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* ''[[Hypocrella]]'' |
* ''[[Hypocrella]]'' |
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* ''[[Hypocreophis]]'' |
* ''[[Hypocreophis]]'' |
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* ''[[Hypoxylum]]'' |
* ''[[Hypoxylum]]'' |
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* ''[[Keithomyces]]'' {{Au|Samson, Luangsa-ard & Houbraken}} (3) |
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* ''[[Kentrosporium]]'' |
* ''[[Kentrosporium]]'' |
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* ''[[Konradia]]'' |
* ''[[Konradia]]'' {{Au|Racib.}} (2) |
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* ''[[Linearistroma]]'' |
* ''[[Linearistroma]]'' |
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* ''[[Loculistroma]]'' {{Au|F. Patt & Charles}} (1) |
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| ⚫ | |||
* ''[[Marquandomyces]]'' {{Au|Samson, Houbraken & Luangsa-ard}} (1) |
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* ''[[Metapochonia]]'' |
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* ''[[ |
<!-- * ''[[Metacordyceps]]'' --> |
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* ''[[Metapochonia]]'' {{Au|Kepler, S.A. Rehner & Humber}} (6) |
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* ''[[Metarhizium]]'' |
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* ''[[Metarhiziopsis]]'' {{Au|D.W. Li, R.S. Cowles & C.R. Vossbrinck}} (1) |
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* ''[[Metarhizium]]'' {{Au|Sorokīn}} (78) (includes ''Chamaeleomyces'', ''Metacordyceps'', ''Spatafora'', ''Nomuraea'' and ''Stereocrea'') |
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* ''[[Mitosporium]]'' |
* ''[[Mitosporium]]'' |
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* ''[[Mitrasphaera]]'' |
* ''[[Mitrasphaera]]'' |
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* ''[[Moelleria (fungus)]]'' |
* ''[[Moelleria (fungus)|Moelleria]]'' |
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* ''[[Moelleriella]]'' |
* ''[[Moelleriella]]'' {{Au|Bres.}} (57) |
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| ⚫ | |||
* ''[[Mothesia]]'' |
* ''[[Mothesia]]'' |
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* ''[[Mycomalus]]'' |
* ''[[Mycomalus]]'' {{Au|A. Möller}} (1) |
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* ''[[Mycophilomyces]]'' |
* ''[[Mycophilomyces]]''{{Au|Crous & M.J. Wingf.}} (1) |
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* ''[[Myriogenis]]'' |
* ''[[Myriogenis]]'' |
||
* ''[[Myriogenospora]]'' |
* ''[[Myriogenospora]]'' {{Au|G.F. Atk.}} (4) |
||
* ''[[ |
* ''[[Neoaraneomyces]]'' |
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* ''[[Neobarya]]'' {{Au|Lowen}} (12) |
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* ''[[Neoclaviceps]]'' |
* ''[[Neoclaviceps]]'' |
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* ''[[Neocordyceps]]'' |
* ''[[Neocordyceps]]'' {{Au|Kobayasi}} (1) |
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* ''[[Neotyphodium]]'' |
* ''[[Neotyphodium]]'' |
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* ''[[Nigelia]]'' |
* ''[[Nigelia]]'' {{Au|Luangsa-ard}} (2) |
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* ''[[Nigrocornus]]'' |
* ''[[Nigrocornus]]'' {{Au|Ryley & Langdon}} (1) |
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* ''[[Nomuraea]]'' |
<!-- * ''[[Nomuraea]]'' --> |
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* ''[[Ophiodothis]]'' |
* ''[[Ophiodothis]]'' |
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* ''[[Orbiocrella]]'' |
* ''[[Orbiocrella]]'' {{Au|D. Johnson, G.H. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora}} (1) |
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* ''[[Palaeoclaviceps]]'' |
* ''[[Palaeoclaviceps]]'' |
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* ''[[Papiliomyces]]'' {{Au|Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitp.}} (2) |
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* ''[[Parepichloë]]'' |
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* ''[[Parametarhizium]]'' |
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* ''[[Parepichloe]]'' {{Au|J.F. White & P.V. Reddy}} (4) |
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* ''[[Periglandula]]'' {{Au|U. Steiner, E. Leistner & Leuchtm.}} (2) |
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* ''[[Petchia (fungus)|Petchia]]'' {{Au|Thanakitp., Mongkols. & Luangsa-ard}} (2) |
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* ''[[Phytocordyceps]]'' |
* ''[[Phytocordyceps]]'' |
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* ''[[Pochonia]]'' |
* ''[[Pochonia]]'' {{Au|Bat. & O.M. Fonseca}} (4) |
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* ''[[Podocrella]]'' |
* ''[[Podocrella]]'' |
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* ''[[Polistophthora]]'' |
* ''[[Polistophthora]]'' |
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* ''[[Polynema (fungus)]]'' |
* ''[[Polynema (fungus)|Polynema]]'' |
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* ''[[Polyrhina]]'' |
* ''[[Polyrhina]]'' |
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* ''[[Pseudomeria]]'' |
* ''[[Pseudomeria]]'' {{Au|G.L. Barron}} (1) |
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* ''[[Pseudometarhizium]]'' |
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* ''[[Purpureomyces]]'' {{Au|Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitp.}} (3) |
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* ''[[Racemella]]'' |
* ''[[Racemella]]'' |
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* ''[[Regiocrella]]'' |
* ''[[Regiocrella]]'' {{Au|Chaverri & K.T. Hodge}} (2) |
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* ''[[Romanoa (fungus)]]'' |
* ''[[Romanoa (fungus)|Romanoa]]'' {{Au|Thirum.}} (1) |
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* ''[[ |
* ''[[Rotiferophthora]]'' {{Au|G.L. Barron}} (27) |
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* ''[[Samuelsia]]'' {{Au|Chaverri & K.T. Hodge}} (6) |
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* ''[[Shimizuomyces]]'' |
* ''[[Shimizuomyces]]'' {{Au|Kobayasi}} (2) |
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* ''[[Spermoedia]]'' |
* ''[[Spermoedia]]'' |
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* ''[[Sphacelia]]'' |
* ''[[Sphacelia]]'' |
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* ''[[Sphaceliopsis]]'' |
* ''[[Sphaceliopsis]]'' |
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* ''[[Sphaerocordyceps]]'' |
* ''[[Sphaerocordyceps]]'' {{Au|Kobayasi}} (2) |
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* ''[[Stereocrea]]'' |
<!-- * ''[[Stereocrea]]'' --> |
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* ''[[Sungia]]'' {{Au|Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitp.}} (1) |
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* ''[[Tettigorhyza]]'' |
* ''[[Tettigorhyza]]'' |
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* ''[[Torrubia (fungus)]]'' |
* ''[[Torrubia (fungus)|Torrubia]]'' |
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* ''[[Typhodium]]'' |
* ''[[Typhodium]]'' |
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* ''[[Tyrannicordyceps]]'' |
* ''[[Tyrannicordyceps]]'' {{Au|Kepler & Spatafora}} (5) |
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* ''[[Underwoodina]]'' |
* ''[[Underwoodina]]'' |
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* ''[[Ustilaginula]]'' |
* ''[[Ustilaginula]]'' |
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* ''[[Ustilaginoidea]]'' {{Au|Bref.}} (19) |
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* ''[[Ustilagopsis]]'' |
* ''[[Ustilagopsis]]'' |
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* ''[[Villosiclava]]'' |
* ''[[Villosiclava]]'' |
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* ''[[Wakefieldiomyces]]'' |
* ''[[Wakefieldiomyces]]'' |
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* ''[[Xylariopsis (fungus)]]'' |
* ''[[Xylariopsis (fungus)|Xylariopsis]]'' |
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* ''[[Yosiokobayasia]]'' {{Au|Samson, Luangsa-ard & Thanakitp}} (1) |
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{{div col end}} |
{{div col end}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Other sources== |
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<ref name="Eriksson 1982">{{cite journal |author=Eriksson O. |title=Outline of the ascomycetes – 1982 |journal=Mycotaxon |year=1982 |volume=15 |pages=203–48 (see p. 224) |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0015/0224.htm}}</ref>}} |
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*C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., ''Introductory Mycology, 4th ed.'' (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) |
*C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., ''Introductory Mycology, 4th ed.'' (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) {{ISBN|978-0-471-52229-4}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{ |
*{{Commons category-inline|Clavicipitaceae}} |
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*{{Wikispecies-inline|Clavicipitaceae}} |
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Clavicipitaceae}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q672560}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q672560}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Clavicipitaceae| ]] |
[[Category:Clavicipitaceae| ]] |
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[[Category:Ascomycota families]] |
[[Category:Ascomycota families]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Gustav Lindau]] |
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| Clavicipitaceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Claviceps purpurea | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Hypocreales |
| Family: | Clavicipitaceae (Lindau) Earle (1901) |
| Type genus | |
| Claviceps Tul. (1853) | |
| Genera | |
|
See text | |
The Clavicipitaceae are a familyoffungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family,[1] but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50.[2]
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data indicates the taxon Clavicipitaceae is paraphyletic, and consists of three well-defined clades, at least one of which is shared with members of another fungal family (Hypocreaceae).[3] The evolution within the Clavicipitaceae is marked by interkingdom host jumping, and the range of this large and heterogeneous fungal group spans mutualistic plant symbionts, as well as parasites of plants, insects, and other fungi.[4]
Many of its members produce alkaloids toxic to animals and humans. One of its most infamous species is Claviceps purpurea, which has historical significance as the cause of St. Anthony's fire, also known as ergotism. Ergotism is caused by ergot alkaloids, such as ergotamine and ergocristine, which are chemical derivatives of lysergic acid. Metarhizium species are widely used in the biological control of insect pests.[5]
Several genera, especially those previously described as "anamorphic" (having no known sexual cycle) are now re-classified into other families, in light of current molecular and other evidence. Mycobank currently (July 2018) lists the following genera in this family.[6] With additions (including no. of species) from Wijayawardene et al. 2020.[2]
Media related to Clavicipitaceae at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Clavicipitaceae at Wikispecies| Clavicipitaceae |
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