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Introduction:
Global warming leads to environmental changes in our planet known as climate change [1]. Climate change is a worldwide issue caused by the industrialization of the planet. Primarily, the burning of fossil fuels for the past century has increased in the atmosphere the concentration of greenhouse gases, like methane and carbon dioxide. These greenhouse gases trap more heat on Earth leading to the warming[2].
Climate change is a worldwide issue but it poses immediate threats to the islands in the Caribbean [3]. The Caribbean is composed of an archipelago of islands north of South America, Southeast of North America and East of Central America. This archipelago is divided into four groups: the Greater Antilles and the Lesser Antilles, Lucayan Archipelago, Windward Islands and Leeward Antilles. The average weather in the Caribbean is tropical and air temperatures range between the 70° to 90° F [4].
The environmental changes expected to affect the Caribbean are a rise in sea level, stronger hurricanes, longer dry seasons and shorter wet seasons[1][3]. The greenhouse emissions of the Caribbean are negligible but climate change poses imminent threats to the economy, environment and life of people that live in the Caribbean [5][6][7][8][9]. The effects of climate change will be felt strongly in the Caribbean because they rely primarily on one or two sources of income, like tourism, that will be significantly affected by climate change [7][3]. In addition, most of the population in the Caribbean lives near the coast. For example, 50% of the population in Barbados lives near the coast [7][10].
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