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'''General visceral efferent fibers''' ('''GVE''') or '''visceral efferents''' or '''autonomic efferents''', are the [[efferent nerve fiber]]s of the [[autonomic nervous system]] (also known as the ''visceral efferent nervous system'') that provide motor innervation to [[smooth muscle]], [[cardiac muscle]], and [[gland]]s (contrast with [[special visceral efferent]] (SVE) fibers) through [[postganglionic varicosities]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Drake, Vogl, Mitchell|title=Gray's Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier}}</ref><ref name="SEER">{{cite web |title=Organization of the Nervous System {{!}} SEER Training |url=https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/nervous/organization/ |website=training.seer.cancer.gov |access-date=19 May 2021}}</ref> |
'''General visceral efferent fibers''' ('''GVE''') or '''visceral efferents''' or '''autonomic efferents''', are the [[efferent nerve fiber]]s of the [[autonomic nervous system]] (also known as the ''visceral efferent nervous system'') that provide motor innervation to [[smooth muscle]], [[cardiac muscle]], and [[gland]]s (contrast with [[special visceral efferent]] (SVE) fibers) through [[postganglionic varicosities]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Drake, Vogl, Mitchell|title=Gray's Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier}}</ref><ref name="SEER">{{cite web |title=Organization of the Nervous System {{!}} SEER Training |url=https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/nervous/organization/ |website=training.seer.cancer.gov |access-date=19 May 2021}}</ref> |
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GVE fibers may be either sympathetic or parasympathetic.<ref>{{cite book|last=Drake, Vogl, Mitchell|title=Gray's Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier}}</ref> |
GVE fibers may be either sympathetic or parasympathetic.<ref>{{cite book|last=Drake, Vogl, Mitchell|title=Gray's Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier}}</ref> Cranial and sacral spinal cord are parasympathetic GVE fibers, while thoracic and lumbra spinal cord give rise to sympathetic GVE fibers.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |year=2015-10-09 |isbn=978-0702052309 |edition=41st |pages=234, 249-250 |at=Fig. 16.11 Efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system. |language=en}}</ref> |
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The [[cranial nerves]] containing GVE fibers include the [[oculomotor nerve]] (CN III), the [[facial nerve]] (CN VII), the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]] (CN IX) and the [[vagus nerve]] (CN X).<ref>Mehta, Samir et al. Step-Up: A High-Yield, Systems-Based Review for the USMLE Step 1. Baltimore, MD: LWW, 2003.</ref> |
The [[cranial nerves]] containing GVE fibers include the [[oculomotor nerve]] (CN III), the [[facial nerve]] (CN VII), the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]] (CN IX) and the [[vagus nerve]] (CN X).<ref>Mehta, Samir et al. Step-Up: A High-Yield, Systems-Based Review for the USMLE Step 1. Baltimore, MD: LWW, 2003.</ref> |
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| General visceral efferent fibers | |
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Scheme showing structure of a typical spinal nerve.
1. Somatic efferent. 2. Somatic afferent. 3,4,5. Sympathetic efferent. 6,7. Sympathetic afferent. | |
| Anatomical terminology |
General visceral efferent fibers (GVE) or visceral efferentsorautonomic efferents, are the efferent nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system (also known as the visceral efferent nervous system) that provide motor innervation to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands (contrast with special visceral efferent (SVE) fibers) through postganglionic varicosities.[1][2]
GVE fibers may be either sympathetic or parasympathetic.[3] Cranial and sacral spinal cord are parasympathetic GVE fibers, while thoracic and lumbra spinal cord give rise to sympathetic GVE fibers.[4]
The cranial nerves containing GVE fibers include the oculomotor nerve (CN III), the facial nerve (CN VII), the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) and the vagus nerve (CN X).[5]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
{{cite book}}: More than one of |at= and |pages= specified (help)
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 849 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
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