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[[File:Makaradasarini First Page.jpg|thumb|right|400px|First page of a manuscript of the astronomical table text Makarandasarini]] |
[[File:Makaradasarini First Page.jpg|thumb|right|400px|First page of a manuscript of the astronomical table text Makarandasarini ([https://archive.org/details/pFwA_m-1206-makaranda-sarani-kavikulguru-kalidas-sanskrit-university-ramtek-collection/page/n1/mode/2up Internet Archive])]] |
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'''''Makarandasāriṇi''''' is a Sanskrit astronomical table text composed by the Indian astronomer-mathematician [[Makaranda]] (c.1438-1478) hailing from [[Varanasi]]. In the Sanskrit astronomical literature such table texts are referred to as ''sāriṇi''-s or ''koṣṭhaka''-s. (The word ''sāriṇi'' may be loosely translated as “stream, path, line”.) It is one of the most popular such texts ever composed in Sanskrit.<ref name="Kim">{{cite book |last1=Clemency Montelle and Kim Plofker |title=Sanskrit Astronomical Tables |publisher=Springer |location=2018 |isbn=978-3-319-97036-3}}</ref> |
'''''Makarandasāriṇi''''' is a Sanskrit astronomical table text composed by the Indian astronomer-mathematician [[Makaranda]] (c.1438-1478) hailing from [[Varanasi]]. In the Sanskrit astronomical literature such table texts are referred to as ''sāriṇi''-s or ''koṣṭhaka''-s. (The word ''sāriṇi'' may be loosely translated as “stream, path, line”.) It is one of the most popular such texts ever composed in Sanskrit.<ref name="Kim">{{cite book |last1=Clemency Montelle and Kim Plofker |title=Sanskrit Astronomical Tables |publisher=Springer |location=2018 |isbn=978-3-319-97036-3}}</ref> |
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# the Sun’s declination (''krānti'') |
# the Sun’s declination (''krānti'') |
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# the latitude (''śara'', '''vikṣepa'') of the Moon |
# the latitude (''śara'', '''vikṣepa'') of the Moon |
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# the angular diameters (''bimba'') of the Sun, the Moon and the |
# the angular diameters (''bimba'') of the Sun, the Moon and the Earth’s shadow-cone (''bhūcchāyā'', ''bhūrbhā'') for computing lunar and solar eclipses. |
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==Commentaries== |
==Commentaries== |
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* ''vāsanā'' of Nīlāmbara Jhā (b. 18 July 1823) |
* ''vāsanā'' of Nīlāmbara Jhā (b. 18 July 1823) |
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* ''udāharaṇa'' of Jīvanātha Jhā (fl. ca. 1846/1900) |
* ''udāharaṇa'' of Jīvanātha Jhā (fl. ca. 1846/1900) |
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==See also== |
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* [[Mahadevi (astronomy book)]] |
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* [[Rājamṛgāṅka (astronomy book)]] |
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==Additional reading== |
==Additional reading== |
Makarandasāriṇi is a Sanskrit astronomical table text composed by the Indian astronomer-mathematician Makaranda (c.1438-1478) hailing from Varanasi. In the Sanskrit astronomical literature such table texts are referred to as sāriṇi-s or koṣṭhaka-s. (The word sāriṇi may be loosely translated as “stream, path, line”.) It is one of the most popular such texts ever composed in Sanskrit.[1]
Makarandasāriṇi follows the Saurapakṣa. This is the midnight-epoch system embodied in a recension of the Sūryasiddhānta dating to around the eighth century.[1] This is reflected in the choices of the values of the fundamental parameters, like the values of the celestial bodies’ revolution-numbers and consequent mean velocities. Another unique feature of Makarandasāriṇi is the use of vegetation-themed Sanskrit technical terms for its various tables. The table giving the mean position increments has been called vāṭikā (garden) and the table giving calendar day/time for mean time unit has been called guccha (blossom, flower). There are tables named valli-s (creeper) and saurabhaṃ-s (fragrance, perfume). In comparison to most other sāriṇi-s or koṣṭhakā-s, Makarandasāriṇi has no accompanying set of verses except for an invocatory stanza at the beginning of the text.[1]
Among other things, the book has tables relating to the following:[2]
There are a large number of commentaries on Makarandasāriṇi in circulation. These commentaries provide detailed instructions on how to use the tables sometimes with elaborate worked examples. The following is only a partial list of these commentaries.[1]