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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 History  





2 Use  





3 Muscular hypertrophy  





4 See also  





5 References  





6 External links  














Piedmontese cattle: Difference between revisions






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==Use==

==Use==



In Italy the Piedmontese is a dual-purpose breed: the cattle are raised for their [[milk]], which is used in the production of several traditional cheeses of the region, including [[Castelmagno (cheese)|Castelmagno]], [[Bra (cheese)|Bra]], [[Raschera]] and [[Toma Piemontese]];<ref name="anaborapi"/> and are also raised for meat, as [[beef]] from Piedmontese cattle is seen as a premium product.{{cn|date=July 2013}}

In Italy the Piedmontese is a dual-purpose breed: the cattle are raised for their [[milk]], which is used in the production of several traditional cheeses of the region, including [[Castelmagno (cheese)|Castelmagno]], [[Bra (cheese)|Bra]], [[Raschera]] and [[Toma Piemontese]];<ref name="anaborapi"/> and are also raised for meat, as [[beef]] from Piedmontese cattle is seen as a premium product.{{cn|date=July 2013}}cdcdc



==Muscular hypertrophy==

==Muscular hypertrophy==


Revision as of 07:50, 15 November 2014

Piedmontese
A white cow with a bell on her neck
A Piedmontese cow on Alpine pasture near Castelmagno
Other namesPiemontese
Country of originItaly: Piemonte region
Distributionworld-wide
StandardANABORAPI (Italy)
Use
  • Formerly triple-purpose, draught, meat and milk
  • now raised primarily for meat
  • Traits
    Weight
    • Male:

      700–850 kg[1]

  • Female:

    520–550 kg[1]

  • Height
    • Male:

      130–135 cm[1]

  • Female:

    131–132 cm[1]

  • Coatwhite or wheaten with grey shading; black skin and switch
    Horn statushorned
  • Bos primigenius
  • A Piedmontese bull

    The Piedmontese (Italian: 'Piemontese'orrazza bovina Piemontese) is a breed of domestic cattle from the region of Piedmont, in north-west Italy. The calves are born fawn in colour, turning grey-white as they mature. The cattle carry a unique mutant gene which leads to the hypertrophic muscle growth known as double muscling.

    History

    Until the late nineteenth century there were numerous local types of Piedmontese cattle, including the Canavese, the Della Langa, the Demonte, the Ordinario di Pianura and the Scelta di Pianura. They were triple-purpose cattle, raised principally for draught power, but valued also for meat and milk. A herd-book was opened in 1877,[citation needed] selective breeding towards a dual-purpose type began, and the Piedmontese became relatively uniform in character. The postpartum hypertrophic muscle growth characteristic, known as "groppa di cavallo" or "horse rump", first appeared in 1886 in the comuneofGuarene d'Alba. It was not in accordance with the then breed standard, and only later attracted the interest of breeders and scientists.[1]

    At the beginning of the twentieth century there were about 680,000 Piedmontese cattle in Italy; by 1985 this had fallen to about 600,000.[1] In 1957 the number registered in the herd-book was 851; by the end of 2011 it had risen to 267,243.[2] In 2008 the total number in Italy was estimated at 300,000, of which 230,000 were registered.[1]

    Use

    In Italy the Piedmontese is a dual-purpose breed: the cattle are raised for their milk, which is used in the production of several traditional cheeses of the region, including Castelmagno, Bra, Raschera and Toma Piemontese;[3] and are also raised for meat, as beef from Piedmontese cattle is seen as a premium product.[citation needed]cdcdc

    Muscular hypertrophy

    In the United States Piedmontese beef is regulated by the USDA, which requires that organisations involved in the sale of Piedmontese beef meet labelling and nutritional verification requirements.[4] Piedmontese beef is meat from cattle having 1 or 2 copies of the inactive myostatin gene. This attribute provides a higher lean-to-fat ratio as well as a less marbled with less connective tissue cut of red meat than from cattle having the "active" version of the gene.[5] The active-myostatin gene acts as a "governor" on muscle growth; Myostatin is a protein that instructs muscles to stop growing. In effect, when inactive, as it is with Piedmontese cattle, it no longer prevents muscle development which is what allows for the condition sometimes referred to as "double muscling".

    Animal breeds developed as homozygous for myostatin deficiency may have reproduction problems due to their unusually heavy and bulky offspring, and require a more expensive diet and special care, including veterinary supervision. These factors may make it uneconomic to raise them. Piedmontese beef has a place in the specialist market because of its unusual properties, but may be at a disadvantage in the bulk market.[6]

    See also

    References

    1. ^ a b c d e f g Daniele Bigi, Alessio Zanon (2008). Atlante delle razze autoctone: Bovini, equini, ovicaprini, suini allevati in Italia (in Italian). Milan: Edagricole. ISBN 9788850652594. p. 54–55.
  • ^ Quadro economico e relazione attività 2011 (in Italian). Associazione Italiana Allevatori. p. 98. Accessed May 2014.
  • ^ La Razza bovina Piemontese (in Italian). Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Bovini di Razza Piemontese (ANABORAPI). Accessed July 2013.
  • ^ Piedmontese, the Myostatin Breed: Beef Attributes. The North American Piedmontese Cattle Association (NAPA). Accessed July 2013.
  • ^ T.L. Wheeler, S.D. Shackelford, E. Casas, L.V. Cundiff and M. Koohmaraie (December 2001). The effects of Piedmontese inheritance and myostatin genotype on the palatability of longissimus thoracis, gluteus medius, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris. Journal of Animal Science 79 (12): 3069–74. PMID 11811461.
  • ^ Stefaan De Smet (2004). Double-muscled animals. Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences. Eds. W.K. Jensen, C. Devine & M. Dikeman. Oxford: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B0-12-464970-X/00260-9. p. 396–402.
  • External links


  • t
  • e

  • Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piedmontese_cattle&oldid=633913090"

    Categories: 
    Use dmy dates from July 2013
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    Cattle breeds originating in Italy
    Piedmont
    Beef
    Cattle stubs
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    Use list-defined references from July 2013
    Use British English from September 2014
    Articles with 'species' microformats
    Articles containing Italian-language text
    All articles with unsourced statements
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    This page was last edited on 15 November 2014, at 07:50 (UTC).

    This version of the page has been revised. Besides normal editing, the reason for revision may have been that this version contains factual inaccuracies, vandalism, or material not compatible with the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.



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