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The tectonic setting of the [[Molucca Sea]] region is unique. It is the only global example of an active arc-arc collision consuming an oceanic basin via [[subduction]] in two directions. The [[Molucca Sea Plate]] has been subsumed by tectonic microplates, the [[Halmahera Plate]] and the Sangihe Plate. The whole complexity is now known as the [[Molucca Sea Collision Zone]]. |
The tectonic setting of the [[Molucca Sea]] region is unique. It is the only global example of an active arc-arc collision consuming an oceanic basin via [[subduction]] in two directions. The [[Molucca Sea Plate]] has been subsumed by tectonic microplates, the [[Halmahera Plate]] and the Sangihe Plate. The whole complexity is now known as the [[Molucca Sea Collision Zone]]. |
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The existence of Sangihe as a tectonic plate separate from the [[Molucca Sea Plate]] is not yet entirely agreed upon by geologists. Some see Sangihe as a western slab of the Molucca Sea Plate, just as they regard Halmahera as an eastern slab of the Molucca Sea Plate. What is apparent to date is that Sangihe was part of the Molucca Sea slab subducted during the [[Neogene]] between 45 Ma and 25 Ma.<ref name=Hall>R. Hall and W. Spakman, ''Australian Plate Tomography and Tectonics'' in R. R. Hillis, R. D. Müller,''Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate,'' Geological Society of America Special Papers 2003, #372, |
The existence of Sangihe as a tectonic plate separate from the [[Molucca Sea Plate]] is not yet entirely agreed upon by geologists. Some see Sangihe as a western slab of the Molucca Sea Plate, just as they regard Halmahera as an eastern slab of the Molucca Sea Plate. What is apparent to date is that Sangihe was part of the Molucca Sea slab subducted during the [[Neogene]] between 45 Ma and 25 Ma.<ref name=Hall>R. Hall and W. Spakman, ''Australian Plate Tomography and Tectonics'' in R. R. Hillis, R. D. Müller,''Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate,'' Geological Society of America Special Papers 2003, #372, p377 {{ISBN|0-8137-2372-8}}</ref> |
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[[Seismology|Seismicity]] shows the west-dipping Sangihe reaches a depth of about {{convert|650|km}}.<ref>{{cite book|last=Yoshiyuki Tatsumi|first=Steve Eggins|title=Subduction zone magmatism|year=1995|publisher=Wiley-Blackwel|isbn=978-0-86542-361-9|pages=33|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ApSYR_NUKUC&pg=PA33}}</ref> Both Sangihe and Halmahera are exposed to the surface while the Molucca Sea plate is completely subsumed below these two microplates. The southern boundary of the Molucca Sea Plate is also the boundary of the [[Philippine Sea Plate]] and the [[Australian Plate]], and is moving northwards. Since the Sangihe Plate and the Halmahera Plate are in continuity with the Molucca Sea Plate, this implies all three slabs are moving northward in mantle with the [[Australian Plate]].<ref name=Hall/> |
[[Seismology|Seismicity]] shows the west-dipping Sangihe reaches a depth of about {{convert|650|km}}.<ref>{{cite book|last=Yoshiyuki Tatsumi|first=Steve Eggins|title=Subduction zone magmatism|year=1995|publisher=Wiley-Blackwel|isbn=978-0-86542-361-9|pages=33|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ApSYR_NUKUC&pg=PA33&lpg=PA33&dq=sangihe+plate+depth&source=bl&ots=pAw7lsH5EY&sig=MhqKoTdtLHRGS5jo-figcXtkIFI&hl=en&ei=9q_VTLbsEsGblge07OT-CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=sangihe%20plate%20depth&f=false}}</ref> Both Sangihe and Halmahera are exposed to the surface while the Molucca Sea plate is completely subsumed below these two microplates. The southern boundary of the Molucca Sea Plate is also the boundary of the [[Philippine Sea Plate]] and the [[Australian Plate]], and is moving northwards. Since the Sangihe Plate and the Halmahera Plate are in continuity with the Molucca Sea Plate, this implies all three slabs are moving northward in mantle with the [[Australian Plate]].<ref name=Hall/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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[[Category:Geology of the Philippines]] |
[[Category:Geology of the Philippines]] |
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[[Category:Molucca Sea]] |
[[Category:Molucca Sea]] |
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{{tectonics-stub}} |
{{tectonics-stub}} |
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