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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Name  





2 Demographics  





3 Dialects  





4 Phonology  



4.1  Consonants  





4.2  Vowels  







5 Orthography  





6 Vocabulary  



6.1  Pronouns  





6.2  Numbers  







7 Words  





8 Notes  





9 Literature  





10 External links  














Askunu language






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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Askuňu
Saňu-vīri
Native toAfghanistan
RegionNuristan Province

Native speakers

40,000 (2011)[1]

Language family

Indo-European

Writing system

Arabic script, Latin script
Language codes
ISO 639-3ask
Glottologashk1246
ELPAshkun
Linguasphere58-ACA-a

Âṣkuňu (Saňu-vīri) is a languageofAfghanistan spoken by the Ashkun people – also known as the Âṣkun, Ashkun, Askina, Saňu, Sainu, Yeshkun, Wamas, or Grâmsaňâ – from the region of the central Pech Valley around Wâmâ and in some eastern tributary valleys of the upper Alingar River in Afghanistan's Nuristan Province. Other major places where the language of Ashkun is spoken are Nuristan Province, Pech Valley in Wama District, eastern side of the Lower Alingar Valley in Nurgaram and Duab districts, Malil wa Mushfa, Titin, Kolatan and Bajagal valleys.

It is classified as a member of the Nuristani sub-family of the Indo-Iranian languages.

Name[edit]

The name Ashkun comes from Âṣkuňu [aʂkuˈɽ̃u] in the local language. The alternative name Saňu [sɘˈɽ̃u] in Ashkun, denoting a group of people living in Wâmâ, has cognates in other Nuristani languages, such as Kamviri Ćâňu [t͡saˈɽ̃u], Kata-vari Ćâvřu [t͡saˈβɻu], and Prasuni Zünyu [zyn̪ˈju].

Demographics[edit]

Current status: There are currently about 40,000 ethnic people who speak this language. None of the mentioned people are monolinguals. Illiteracy rate among this group of people is around 5%-15%.

Location: Upper-middle Pech Valley and over the watershed into the Bâźâigal, Mâsēgal, and Titin valleys of upper Laghmân.

Dialects/Varieties: Âṣkuňu-veri (Kolâtẫ, Titin, Bâźâigal), Gřâmsaňâ-vīri, Saňu-vīri (Wâmâî). Not intelligible with the other Nuristani languages.

Dialects[edit]

Âṣkuňu can be split into several dialects spoken in southwestern Nuristan, including Âṣkuňu-veri (Kolâtẫ), Gřâmsaňâ-vīri, Saňu-vīri (Wâmâî), Titin, and Bâźâigal. The main body of the Âṣkuňu tribe inhabits the Aṣkũgal (Kolâtẫ, Mâsēgal) Valley, which drains southwestward into the Alingar River. These people speak a dialect which differs from that of their neighbors in the Titin Valley to the south (cf. Morgenstierne 1929). The inhabitants of the Bâźâigal Valley further up the Alingar are reported to speak a third dialect. Across a mountain ridge to the east of the Âṣkuňu two tribal groups, each with its own dialect, center on the villages of Wâmâ and Gřâmsaňâgřām (Ačaṇu) off the Pech River.[2] For this article, most cited forms will be based on the Wâmâ dialect (Saňu-vīri).

Phonology[edit]

Consonants[edit]

Labial Dental/
Alveolar
(Alveolo-)
palatal
Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Velar
Plosive voiceless p t ʈ k
voiced b d ɖ ɡ
Affricate voiceless (t͡s) t͡ɕ t͡ʃ t͡ʂ
voiced (d͡z) d͡ʑ d͡ʒ d͡ʐ
Fricative voiceless (f) s ʃ ʂ (x)
voiced v z ʒ ʐ (ɣ)
Nasal m n ɳ ŋ
Tap (ɾ) ɽ, (ɽ̃)
Approximant l j

Vowels[edit]

Front Central Back
High i (ɨ) u
Mid e ə o
Low a

Orthography[edit]

The Ashkun language is strictly passed on orally and has no written resources that can be traced.

Vocabulary[edit]

Pronouns[edit]

Person Nominative Accusative Genitive
1st sg. âi imâ
pl. ima imbâ
2nd sg. tu to toâ̄
pl. vi iâmbâ

Numbers[edit]

  1. âc̣
  2. du
  3. tra
  4. ćâtâ̄
  5. põć
  6. ṣo
  7. sōt
  8. ōṣṭ
  9. no
  10. dos

Words[edit]

Hello is “Salam” How are you is “Kaigases”

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ AskuňuatEthnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  • ^ Strand, R. F. (1973). Notes on the Nūristāni and Dardic Languages. Journal of the American Oriental Society, (3). 297.
  • Literature[edit]

    External links[edit]


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Askunu_language&oldid=1226001382"

    Categories: 
    Nuristani languages
    Nuristani languages of Afghanistan
    Hidden categories: 
    Language articles citing Ethnologue 25
    Articles with short description
    Short description is different from Wikidata
    Articles containing Ashkun-language text
    Pages with undetermined IPA
     



    This page was last edited on 28 May 2024, at 00:42 (UTC).

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