Hans Holbein the Elder paints the Grey Passion, which will be finished in 1500. The work depicts the life of Jesus in a sequential illustrated narrative.[2]
Hans Burgkmair's painting Saint Croce depicts Jesus' life in panels and uses speech balloons.[3]
Hans Holbein the Elder paints an altarpiece about St. Paul, the Basilica San Paolo Fuori Le Mura, which is a sequential illustrated narrative about St. Paul.[2]
Erhard Schön makes the engraving Szenen aus dem Leben des Hl. Dominicus (Scenes From The Life of St. Dominique), which visualizes the life of Saint Dominic as a picture story. His Narrenkäfig (Fools' Cage) makes use of speech balloons.[6]
Erhard Schön makes the engraving Die Sechs furthereflichen geistlichen gaben (The Six Excellent Spiritual Gifts), which uses several panels. His drawing Teufels Dudelsack (The Devil's Bagpipe) is an early example of a political cartoon.[6]
Pieter Bruegel the Elder paints Seven Wise and Seven Foolish Virgins, a biblical painting which shows a sequential narrative with clearly separated images. He also paints Twelve Proverbs, which frames twelve proverbs with a text underneath each image, making it an early example of a text comic.[7]
Hans Rogel the Elder prints the engraving Die Erscheinung weisser Kreuze über drei Kirchen in Konstantinopel (The Appearance of White Crosses above the Churches of Constantinople), which describes a real-life strange sky phenomenon, observed above Constantinopel. The event is visualized in a two-panel picture story.[8]
Frans Hogenberg makes an engraving depicting the Spanish Fury in Antwerp, which is notable for its use of illustrated sequences, with text underneath the images.[9]
Hans Rogel the Elder makes the engraving Riesenwalfish bei Antwerpen, about a real-life beached whale found in Antwerp. The event is visualized in a two-panel picture story.[8]
Hans Schultes the Elder prints the engraving Zwei sonderbare menschenfressende Tiere (Two Wondrous Man-Eating Animals), which shows two monsters in two separate panels.[10]
Frans Hogenberg makes an engraving depicting the assassination of Henry III of France, notable for its use of illustrated sequences, with text underneath the images.[9]
Caspar Krebs makes an engraving, Mord in Neuburg an der Donau, depicting a real-life account of a murder in the German town Neuberg an der Donau. The work is an early example of a sequential illustrated narrative.[11]
Hans Schultes the Elder prints the engraving Die Hinrichtung von Hans Alewekher, Mörder aus Augsburg (The Execution of Hans Alewekher, Murderer From Augsburg''), a picture story about a real-life murder.[10]
Georg Kress brings out an engraving, Nachricht von 300 Hexen und ihrem Pakt mit dem Teufel, about a witchcraft trial. The work is notable for its use of sequential illustrated narratives.[12]
Caspar Krebs makes an engraving, Mord in Ildorf, depicting a real-life account of a murder in the German town Ildorf. The work is an early example of a sequential illustrated narrative.[11]
Jeremias Gath prints the engraving Nachricht von einem Mord und Zerstückelung in Halle, Sachsen (News about a Murder and Mutilation in Halle, Sachsen), a picture story about a real-life robbery and murder.[16]
Georg Kress brings out an engraving, Missetat einiger Totengräber, about a murder committed by a gravedigger in Silesia. The work is notable for its use of sequential illustrated narratives.[12]
An unknown artist from Prague, named Der Prager Meister von 1609 by historians, makes a woodcut engraving about a real-life murder, told as a multi-panel picture story.[17]
Hans Schultes the Elder makes an engraving, Zwo Newe und Erschröckliche Zeittungen von Vier Vbelthäteren (Two New and Frightening Reports about Four Law Breakers), a picture story about the trial and execution of a thief and three robbers.[10]
Johann Schubert makes an engraving, Schrecklike Mordtat des Georg Strange am Gründonnerstag (Horrible Murder by George Strange on Maundy Thursday), which is a multi-panel picture story.[21]
Elias Wellhöfer makes the engraving Geschichte einer vom Teufel besessenen Frau ("Story of a Woman Possessed by the Devil"), a picture story about a real-life woman accused of and executed for witchcraft.[22]
A sequence, depicting a complete narrative - from the first meeting of the "actors" to the final murder - can be seen in the thirty-chapter headings in John Reynolds' The Triumph of God's Revenge Against the Crying and Execrable Sinne of .... Murther. The resemblance to a comic strip in form (but not matter) is striking.
Elias Wellhöfer makes the engraving Verurteilung und Hinrichtung eines Zauberers ("Sentence and Execution of a Wizard"), a picture story about a rare case of a man accused of and executed for witchcraft. The same year he makes another picture story, Der Prozess gegen Anna Schwaynhofer aus Augsburg wegen Gotteslästerung (The Blasphemy Trial Against Anna Schwaynhofer), about a real-life case where a woman was executed because of blasphemy.[22]
Elias Wellhöfer makes the engraving Hexenprozess in Augsburg ("Witch Trial in Augsburg"), a picture story about a real-life women executed on account of witchcraft.[22]
In Sweden Carl August Ehrensvärd and Johan Tobias Sergel create sequential picture stories, depicting parties, drinking and sexuality. They are made for private use and only published later.[37][38]
Richard Newton draws Sketches In A Shaving Shop, an early text comic built around conceptual vignettes rather than a story. He also draws Progress Of A Woman Of Pleasure and Giving Up The Ghost, Or One Too Many, both text comics which follow a narrative.[40]
Richard Newton draws Samples Of Sweethearts and Wives, Contrasted Husbands and Clerical Alphabet, early text comics built around conceptual vignettes rather than a story.[40]
David Hess writes and illustrates Hollandia Regenerata, a satirical pamphlet which consists of a thematically connected series of cartoony illustrations, with text under the images.[41]
Thomas Rowlandson's illustrations to William Combe's novel about Dr. Syntax are notable for following one central character throughout a series of humorous sequences. The character will be re-used in two sequel books, printed in 1820 and 1821, making him the first serialized cartoon character.[36] He is also the first cartoon character to be published in episode format in a magazine and inspire merchandising.[36]
Hokusai publishes Hokusai Manga (Sketches by Hokusai), a series of illustrations that will have great influence on manga as a genre.[46]
James Gillray, British cartoonist (French Liberty, British Slavery, John Bull's Progress, The Tables Turn'd, Democracy, or a Sketch of the Life of Buonaparte), dies at age 57.[39]
James Catnach pays an unnamed engraver to copy the illustrations of the Cruikshanks for Pierce Egan's Life in London and publishes them on a broadsheet.[50] He will publish two sequels.
June 11: First publication of The Glasgow Looking Glass (1825-1826), a British magazine that goes down in history as the first publication devoted entirely to comics and cartoons. In the same magazine William Heath publishes the pantomime comic History of a Coat, which is notable for having the first appearance of the cliffhangerTo be continued....[51] Others comic from the same period by Heath are The Life of a Soldier; a Narrative and Descriptive Poem, An Essay on Modern Medical Education and A Happy New Year.[51]
June 22: William Innell Clement publishes Hogarth's Harlot's Progress and Monkeyana, or the Gambler's Progress in columns with other drawings on a single page of his newspaper Bell's Life in London #330.[52][53]
November 4: First publication of the satirical journal La Caricature (1830-1843) by Charles Philipon, which will attract many French caricaturist and early prototypical comic artists. It will also inspire similar satirical magazines in other countries.
Charles Philipon, chief editor of the magazine La Caricature publishes a sequential cartoon, Les PoiresbyHonoré Daumier, which depicts French king Louis-Philippe I gradually transforming into a pear. The cartoon causes much upheaval from the royal court.[56]
June 24: George Goodger publishes for his partner William Innell ClementGallery of 140 Comicalities, a magazine of four pages of drawings, including narrative sequences in columns.[52]
December 1: The first issue of the French satirical magazine Le Charivari is published. It will offer pages for countless cartoonists, caricaturists, illustrators and comics artists over its century-run and only be disestablished in August 1937.
First publication of Histoire de Mr. Jabot by Swiss teacher and amateur artist Rodolphe Töpffer, eventually initiating a trend of "histoires en images" (picture-stories).[57]
July 15: Charles Jameson Grant publishes Adventures of the Buggins's in three strips with speech balloons in Every Body's Album and Caricature Magazine #14.
George Cruikshank publishes Comic Alphabet, an illustration of the alphabet in a sequential narrative.[47]
Pieter van Loon publishes Spotprent Op De Plannen Tot De Oprichting Van Een Girobank, a satire in comic strip format on the girobank banking system.[58]
July 17: The British satirical magazine Punch is launched by Henry Mayhew and Ebenezer Landells. It will be a haven for many British caricaturists and prototypical comics.
Rodolphe Töpffer's The Adventures of Mr. Oldbuck is published in the U.K.
Amédée de Noé, aka Cham, publishes Un Génie Incompris (M. Barnabé Gogo).[60]
February 5: Charles Philipon publishes the first issue of the French satirical comics and cartoons magazine Le Journal pour rire. It will run until 1855.
Félix Nadar draws the comics Les Aventures Illustrées du Prince pour rire' (1848), Vie politique et littéraire de Viperin, journaliste et industriel (1848) and Vie publique et privée de mossieu Réac (1848–49).[67]
January 6: Dutch illustrator Christiaan Le Blansch creates the pantomime comicPolitiek Gesprek Vóór de Verkiezingen, which is blatantly copied from an earlier cartoon which appeared in the German magazine Fliegende Blätter in the first half of 1848.[69]
George Cruikshank publishes The Preparatory School for Fast Men, a gag comic which makes use of speech balloons to tell a sequential story. The same year he and Horace Mayhew create the lengthy humor comic The Tooth-Ache.[47]
Gustave Doré draws the humoristic text comic Histoire d'une Invitation à la Campagne.[65]
John Leech creates Mr. Briggs, who will become a recurring character in his cartoons.[70]
James A. and Donald F. Read publish Journey To The Gold Diggins By Jeremiah Saddlebags, which is the first picture story (or comic book) published in the United States.[71]
XOX publishes Outline History of an Expedition to California: Containing the Fate of the Get All You Can Mining Association, another early picture story published in the U.S.[72]
January 12 - February 8: Louis Morel-Retz, aka Stop, draws Les Aventures de Monsieur Verdreau.[73]
August 3: Francisco Augusto Noguiera da Silva draws the text comic Aventuras sentimentais e dramáticas do senhor Simplício Baptista, which appears in the Portuguese magazine Revista Popular. It is signed with the name Flora and is probably work by Francisco Augusto Nogueira da Silva. This comic strip is, in fact, plagiarism of Stop's Les Aventures de Monsieur Verdreau.[74]
Gustave Doré draws the humoristic text comic Désagréments des animaux d'agrément.[65]
January 5: The first issue of the French satirical cartoons and comics magazine Journal amusant is published by Charles Philipon. It will run until December 1933.
February 3: The first issue of the Belgian satirical magazine Uylenspiegel is published, where several Belgian caricaturists and prototypical comics artists will find room to publish their drawings. It will appear until 1863.
The first issue of the Dutch humor magazine Humoristisch Album is published. It will provide room for future comics artists and cartoonists like Jan Linse and J. Holswilder.[80]
Francisco Augusto Noguiera da Silva draws the text comic Index da Physiologia, which appears in the Portuguese magazine Asmodeu.[74]
Timoléon Lobrichon publishes Histoire de Mr. Tuberculus and Histoire de Mr. Grenouillet.[81]
Turmiolan Tommin elämäkerta (The Life Story of Pernicious Tommy), a Finnish temperance society publication - the first comic book drawn by a female artist, (Alexandra Frosterus-Såltin)
December: Henrique Fleiuss establishes the Brazilian humor and comics magazine Semana Ilustrada, with the recurring characters Dr. Semana, Negrinha and Moleque. It will run until 1875.[84]
November 17: André Gill publishes an offensive cartoon of Napoleon III in an issue of La Lune. The king has its chief editor, François Polo, fined and sentenced to two months of jail. La Lune is forced to close down afterwards.[89]
Léonce Petit publishes Les Mésaventures de M. Bêton (1867-1868).[91]
János Jankó creates a text comic named Hungarian Miska and German Miska. An old fairy tale about a common mule, which is one of the earliest Hungarian comics.[92]
January 26: The first issue of La Lune's successor, L'Éclipse, is published. Within the same year this French satirical cartoons and comics magazine will suffer similar controversy.
August 9: A cartoon by André Gill, Monsieur X...? mocks magistrates and leads to a court case which results in the publication being fined.[89]
March: First publication of the American satirical magazine PuckbyJoseph Ferdinand Keppler. It will offer room for various cartoonists and comics artists.[96]
Léonce Petit publishes Histoires Campagnardes.[91]
May 3: The first issue of the British comics magazine Ally Sloper's Half Holiday is published. It will run until 9 September 1916. Between 1922 and 1923, 1948 and 1949 and 1976 and 1977 it will be briefly revived.
January: The first issue of the Norwegian illustrated children's magazine Norsk Barneblad is published.
Albert Robida publishes the graphic novel La Guerre au Vingtième Siècle, which fantasizes what war in the 20th century will be and what it will look like.[104]
Jan Pieter Holswilder creates a pantomime comic named No. 13, Het Ongeluksnummer, which is published in the Dutch humor magazine Humoristisch Album.[107]
May 17: The first issue of the British comics magazine Comic Cuts is published. It will run until September 1953, after which it merges with Knockout.[109]
Georges Colomb publishes the comics series Le Sapeur Camember (1890-1896) under the pen name Christophe.[108]
The Dutch Catholic teacher Johannes Franciscus Nuijens (Korporaal Achilles) publishes the satirical text comic Het Rapport der Defensiecommissie toegelicht en eenigszins uitgebreid door Korporaal Achilles (The Rapport of the Commission of Defense, explained and somewhat expanded by Korporaal Achilles).[110]
Albert Robida publishes the graphic novel Le Vingtième Siècle. La Vie Électrique, which fantasizes how 20th century life will be and look like.[104]
The first issue of the Dutch illustrated children's magazine Geïllustreerd Stuiversblad is published.[111]
The Dutch Catholic teacher Johannes Franciscus Nuijens (Korporaal Achilles) publishes the political science fiction comic De Toekomststaat (Een Nachtmerrie Fin de Siècle). Visioenen en Droombeelden uit de 20ste eeuw (The Future State (A Nightmare at the End of the Century). Visions and Dreamscapes from the 20th Century)[110]
May 21: Joseph Pulitzer's newspaper New York World publishes the first comics page in colour, namely Walt McDougall's The Possibilities of the Broadway Cable Car.[116] On the same day they also launch a comics supplement on Sundays, thus launching the Sunday funnies phenomenon.[115]
December 9: Georges Colomb publishes the comics series L' Idée Fixe du Savant Cosinus (1893-1899) under the pen name Christophe.[108]
December 23: Georges Colomb creates Les Malices de Plick et Plock (1893-1904) under the pen name Christophe.[108]
The Dutch Catholic teacher Johannes Franciscus Nuijens (Korporaal Achilles) publishes the political science fiction comic Klacht van een Onderwijzer over De Vrije & Orde Oefeningen op de Lagere School (Complaint from a Teacher about the Free & Disciplinary Exercises in Primary School).[110]
The Canadian Arthur Racey creates The Englishman in Canada, a comic strip with speech balloons in The Montreal Star. It will run until 1894.[117]
April 29: Charles W. Saalburg creates The Ting-Lings, considered one of the earliest American comic strips.[118]
June 2: In one of the cartoons Richard F. Outcault draws for Truth the character who will later become The Yellow Kid can be spotted, though he is still nothing more but a background character and since the series is published in black-and-white nobody calls him by his name yet.[119]
January 5: A colour episode of Richard F. Outcault's Hogan's Alley marks the first time the central character is depicted wearing a yellow gown, which gives him and the series the name The Yellow Kid.[119]
October 18: Newspaper owner William Randolph Hearst buys Richard F. Outcault away from Joseph Pulitzer's The New York World so that The Yellow Kid can instead appear in the new colour supplement The American Humorist of his newspaper The New York Journal. The series Hogan's Alley continues in The World but drawn by George Luks,[122] while Outcault's version of Hogan's AlleyinThe American Humorist uses the different title McFadden's Row of Flats. This is the first widely publicized legal battle between two newspapers over a comic strip and a turning point in the history of the modern comics industry.[119]
October 25: The episode The Yellow Kid And His PhonographofRichard F. Outcault's The Yellow Kid mark the first time speech balloons and a sequential narrative are used in the series. This is widely regarded as the starting point of the modern (American) comic strip.[119]
The first issue of the Dutch illustrated children's magazine Weekblad Voor De Jeugd is published. It will run until 1915.[111][123]
January: The first issue of the French satirical cartoons and comics magazine Le Cri de Paris is published, which will run until the outbreak of World War II, in 1940.
March 11: Albert Engström establishes the Swedish humor magazine Strix, which will become a hotspot for several cartoonists.[124]
May 30: Albert Engström's character Kolingen makes his debut in the magazine Strix, making him the oldest recurring Swedish comics character.
November 21: J.B. Lowitz's The Captain Kiddis Kids debuts.[125]
February 26: Dan Leno's Comics Journal, a comics magazine created by British comedian Dan Leno, is the first celebrity comic. Leno writes his stories personally, while Tom Browne provides the illustrations.
October 29: Arthur White creates Jungle Jinks for children's magazine The Playbox. It's the first funny animal comic strip in the United Kingdom and will run until 1947,[128] albeit drawn by other artists, among them Mabel Francis Taylor.[129]
1524: Hans Holbein the Elder, German painter and prototypical comics artist (various religious works with sequential illustrated narratives), dies at age 63–64.[2]
September 9, 1525: Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Flemish painter and prototypical comics artist (Twelve Proverbs, Seven Wise and Seven Foolish Virgins), dies at age 39 or 44.[7]
1531: Hans Burgkmair, German painter and woodcut artist (St. Croce, Wechselndes Glück), dies at age 57 or 58.[3]
1542:
September 20, 1542: Erhard Schön, German painter and woodcut artist (Bauernhochzeit, Szenen aus dem Leben des Hl. Dominicus, Die Sechs furthereflichen geistlichen gaben, Narrenkäfig), dies at age 50 or 51.[6]
1543: Hans Holbein the Younger, German painter and printer (Totentanz, A.K.A. Dance of Death), dies at age 45 or 46. [5]
1553
October 16, 1553: Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter and prototypical comics artist (various religious works with sequential illustrated narratives), dies at age 80–81.[4]
1590: Frans Hogenberg, Flemish-German painter, engraver and cartographer (The Spanish Fury, Murder of Henry III of France), dies at age 54 or 55.[9]
1592: Hans Rogel the Elder, German engraver and printer (Die Erscheinung weisser Kreuze über drei Kirchen in Konstantinopel, Riesenwalfisch bei Antwerpen), dies at age 59 or 60.[8]
1667: Jan Christoffel Jegher, Flemish woodcut artist (his woodcuts were used to make catchpenny prints with picture stories), dies at age 48 or 49. [132]
June 15, 1708: Romeyn de Hooghe, Dutch caricaturist, engraver, painter and sculptor (made political propaganda picture stories), dies at age 62.[23]
May 18, 1727: Jan van den Aveelen, Dutch illustrator and engraver (made sequential illustrations about topical events), dies at age 76 or 77. [133]
October 26, 1764: William Hogarth, British painter, illustrator, cartoonist and prototypical comics artist (A Just View of the British Stage, A Harlot's Progress, A Rake's Progress, Marriage à-la-mode, The Four Stages of Cruelty, Industry and Idleness, Four Times of the Day, Beer Street and Gin Lane, Humours of an Election), dies at age 66.
January 25, 1780: Matthew Darly, British printseller and caricaturist (Now and Then, Macaronies Drawn After The Life), passes away at an unknown age.[32]
1788: Hendrik Numan, Dutch woodcut artist (made catchpenny prints with picture stories), dies at age 51 or 52. [134]
December 8, 1798: Richard Newton, British cartoonist and caricaturist (Sketches In A Shaving Shop, Samples Of Sweethearts and Wives, Progress Of A Player, Progress Of A Woman Of Pleasure, Contrasted Husbands, Clerical Alphabet, Giving Up The Ghost, Or One Too Many and Undertakers In At The Death), dies of tyfus at the age of 21.[40]
May 21: Carl August Ehrensvärd, Swedish painter and caricaturist who made some early autobiographical pantomime comics with sometimes erotic content, dies at age 55.[37]
April: Isaac Cruikshank, Scottish cartoonist (Female Opinions on Military Tactics, The Humours of Belvoir Castle - or the Morning After), dies of alcohol poisoning at age 47.[136]
April 21: Thomas Rowlandson, British cartoonist, illustrator and comics artist (Two New Sliders For The State Magic Lantern, The Loves of the Fox and the Badger, or the Coalition Wedding, Johnny Newcome, Dr. Syntax), passes away at age 70.[36]
Specific date unknown: Robert Branston, British engraver, illustrator and comics artist (The Comical Cat), dies at age 38 or 39.[48]
Hilmar Johannes Backer, Dutch illustrator and comics artist (De Geschiedenis van Mijnheer Kardoes en Mejuffrouw Muizenschrik), dies at age 41 or 45.[64]
March 13: Isaac Robert Cruikshank, British cartoonist and caricaturist (Every Man on His Perch, of Going to Hobby Fair, The National Pop-Shop in Threadneedle Street), dies at age 66.[49]
March 17: Johann Hermann Detmold [de], German jurist, novelist, politician, artist and comics writer (Herr Piepmeyer), dies at age 48.
December 31: Edward Williams Clay, American political cartoonist and comic artist (Lessons in Dancing, Life in Philadelphia, The Seven Stages of The Office Seeker, This Is The House That Jack Built), dies at age 58.[62]
March 13: Francisco Augusto Noguiera da Silva, aka Flora, Portuguese illustrator and comics artist (Aventuras sentimentais e dramáticas do senhor Simplício Baptista, Index da Physiologia, As Quatro Luas do Matrimónio), dies at age 37.[74]
December 13: Pieter van Loon, Dutch graphic artist, illustrator and comic artist (Spotprent Op De Plannen Tot De Oprichting Van Een Girobank), dies at age 73.[58]
February 1: George Cruikshank, British cartoonist and caricaturist (The Comic Alphabet, Jack Sheppard, Mr. Lambkin, The Preparatory School for Fast Men, The Tooth-Ache), passes away at age 85.[47]
February 10: Honoré Daumier, French cartoonist, illustrator and graphic artist (Les Poires), dies at age 70.[56]
September 6: Amédée de Noé, aka Cham, French illustrator, cartoonist, caricaturist and comics artist, (Mr. Lajaunisse, Mr. Lamélasse, Deux Vieilles Filles Vaccinées à Marier, Un Génie Incompris (M. Barnabé Gogo), Impressions de Voyage de Monsieur Boniface), dies at age 61.[60]
March 24: Bertall, French illustrator, novelist, caricaturist, photographer and comics artist (Défauts des Enfants, Les Romans Populaires Illustrés), dies at age 61.[82]
November 15: Henrique Fleiuss, German-Brazilian painter, caricaturist, engraver and publisher (founder of the Brazilian humor magazine Semana Ilustrada), dies at age 58.[84]
January 23: Gustave Doré, French illustrator (Les Travaux d'Hercule, Trois Artistes incompris et mécontents and Histoire Pittoresque de la Sainte Russie) dies at age 51.[65]
August 18: Léonce Petit: French illustrator, caricaturist and engraver (Histoires campagnardes, Les Mésaventures de M. Bêton), dies.[91]
May 27: Kobayashi Eitaku, Japanese illustrator, painter and prototypical manga artist (Decomposition of the corpse of a courtisane), dies at age 47.[94]
August 20: Jan Holswilder, Dutch illustrator, painter, lithographer and comics artist (No. 13, het ongeluksnummer), dies at age 39.[107]
January 4: Charles Keene, British cartoonist and comics artist (The Adventures of Miss Lavinia Brounjones, Our American Cousin in Europe), passes away at age 67.[88]
July 19: Ramón Escaler, Spanish illustrator and comics artist (created comics for La Semana Cómica), dies at age 30 or 31.[112]
March 16: Henry George Hine, British painter, cartoonist and comics artist (Mr. Crindle's Rapid Career Upon Town), passes away at age 83.[66]
September 15: Hector Berthelot, Canadian journalist, columnist, lawyer, publisher and cartoonist (founder of the satirical cartoon magazines Le Canard, Le Vrai Canard, Le Grognard, original author of the novel series Père Ladébauche, which was later adapted into a comics series by Joseph Charlebois), passes away at age 53.[100]
March 29: János Jankó, Hungarian illustrator, caricaturist and comics artist (Gömböcz and Csukli, Hungarian Miska and German Miska. An old fairy tale about a common mule), dies at age 62.[92]
September 5: Louis Morel-Retz, aka Stop, French caricaturist, illustrator, cartoonist and comics artist (Les Aventures de Monsieur Verdreau), passes away at age 74.[73]
October 4: Paul Léonnec, French illustrator and comics artist, passes away at age 57.[156]
^Annie Renonciat, « Le Robinson de Dumoulin : un roman en 150 gravures » dans 9e Art n° 8, Centre national de la bande dessinée et de l'image, janvier 2003, pp. 10-19
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