Ceremonial blessing of companion, agricultural, or working animals
Blessing of the Animals Mural, Mexican Consul, Los Angeles
Blessing of animals can be either of the animal or of the human-animal relationship, and can apply to pets and other companion animals, or to agricultural animals and working and other animals which humans depend on or interact with.
Blessing of animals, or of the slaughtering process, before slaughter, is a key element of some religions.
Ceremonial blessing of companion animals occurs throughout the world,[1] for example, Australia,[2] Canada,[3] Scotland,[4] Spain,[5] and the United States.[6]
Secular respect for animals is also strong, for example, World Animal Day, an international day of action for animal rights and welfare celebrated annually, but is still held on 4 October, the feast day of Francis of Assisi, a Christian patron saint of animals.[11]
Annually now, on or around October 4, Christians worldwide celebrate the Feast of Saint Francis with a blessing of animals and prayers for creation.[7]
Catholicism[12] has specific liturgies for the blessing of animals, highlighting creation and interdependence.[13]United Methodists also have a specific liturgy highlighting creation and mutual interdependence.[14]
Separate variants of Christianity will sometimes combine to hold joint, ecumenical, animal blessing ceremonies, for example Catholic and Episcopal Church (United States) churches.[15]
Many synagogues now have ceremonies for the blessing of animals, and some say the idea may have originated in ancient Judaism. The Jewish ceremony is often performed on the seventh day of Passover (in the spring) as a celebration of the Hebrews’ (and their animals’) emancipation from slavery in Egypt more than 3,000 years ago. Many Jewish congregations schedule blessings of the animals after the High Holy Days, with ceremonies around the second weekly Torah portion of the Jewish Year, the Parashat Noach, the portion about Noah and the ark, the saving of both humans and other animals, they also being gifts from God.[16]
Other Jewish ceremonies are derived from the Christian ceremony and are not derived from traditional Judaism, which gives some concern for more traditional followers of Judaism.[8]
Elvis Best "read" the Torah at his Bark Mitzvah in 2007.
Unterammergau, the site of the 11th-century Chapel of St Leonhard, patron saint of horses, which is the terminus of the annual Leonhardritt and Blessing of the Animals.
Blessing of the Animals at Olvera Street, an event from 1930, is held every Sabado de Gloria (Holy Saturday). It is an all-day event with vendors, performers, and a procession where participants bring their animals to be blessed by religious authorities and others.[22]
Madrid, where the festival has been celebrated largely uninterrupted since the 19th century. It is also held in other parts of Spain, such as the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean and the northern city of Burgos.[5]
During the latter part of the 20th century, the blessing of animals and pets in the United States has become mainstream cultural activity, with services occurring in 48 states and districts in 2008.[7]
Rare animal instances can have great significance in belief systems and may be ritually blessed as part of that tradition, for example the white buffalo, Kenahkihinén, in North America.[23]
There are now a very large number of places blessing animals, in particular pets and companion animals, regularly on an annual basis. A very small sample of these include:
Elisabethenkirche, Basel offers a church service, Schöpfungsfeier, for the blessing of the human-animal relationship
St. Francis Episcopal Church in Stamford, Connecticut:[25]
St Bartholomews Anglican Church at Mount Gravatt: The annual pet blessing ceremony is held to coincide with the Feast of St Francis of Assisi, considered the patron saint of animals. The ceremony commenced in 2010 and features bible readings, songs and individual prayer for each pet.[2]
Church of San Anton in central Madrid, Day of Saint Anthony, patron saint of animals[5]
Anglican Cathedral Church of the Redeemer, Calgary: Every fall Since 1998[26]
The San Gabriel Mission: The San Gabriel Mission parish performs blessings as a part of its annual San Gabriel Mission Fiesta, celebrating the 1771 founding of the 4th of California's 22 Catholic missions.[27][28][29]
Saint Francis of Assisi is associated with the patronage of animals and it has become customary for Catholic and Anglican churches to carryout animal blessing ceremonies on his feast day of 4 October.[1]
Saint Dwynwen is more known for being a Welsh patron saint of lovers but she is also lesser known as being the patron saint of sick animals which she would bless.
Legend has it that in the 4th century, whole herds of wild animals would come for the blessing of Saint Blaise.[32]
According to legend, a cat saved Muhammad from a snake.[33] In gratitude, Muhammad stroked the cat's back and forehead, thus blessing all cats with the righting reflex.[34]
Animal chaplaincy is typically associated with veterinary work. Veterinary chaplains minister in regard to the spirituality associated with animals and the human-animal bond and responsibilities, and perform animal blessings as part of a broad range of services.[35]
Any animal can be blessed and a wide variety have been blessed during blessing ceremonies. It depends on what people bring on the day. Included have been:
PETA have an alternative view on animal blessing events, and proffer the following points:[36]
Cats are terrified and should be left at home. The blessing is for the animals so do not sacrifice the animals' welfare for the ceremony.
Many animals, all created by God, miss out on the blessing, and are mutilated and abused for our sake. PETA states St. Francis would be appalled by the degree of suffering that we inflict on animals to indulge our acquired taste for their flesh.
Guerrero, Diana L. (2007). Blessing of the Animals: A Guide to Prayers & Ceremonies Celebrating Pets & Other Creatures. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2007. ISBN9781402729676.
^Holak, Susan L. (2008-05-01). "Ritual blessings with companion animals". Journal of Business Research. Animal Companions, Consumption Experiences, and the Marketing of Pets: Transcending Boundaries in the Animal-Human Distinction. 61 (5): 534–541. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.07.026.
United States figures from American Catholic, "St. Francis of Assisi: Pet Blessings 2008".
United States culturisation from Laura Hobgood-Oster, Holy Dogs & Asses: Animals in the Christian Tradition (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2008), 106-116.
(Prayer Source: Catholic Household Blessings and Prayers by Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy, National Conference of Catholic Bishops, NCCB/USCC, 1989)
(Prayer Source: Book of Blessings by Prepared by International Commission on English in the Liturgy A Joint Commission of Catholic Bishops' Conferences, The Liturgical Press, Collegeville, Minnesota, 1989)
^Jeffers, Glenn (4 October 2004). "Parishioners' Pets are Blessed". Chicago Tribune. All Saints' Episcopal Church. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
^Vollet, E. H., Grande Encyclopédies.v. Blaise (Saint); published in Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca "Auctarium", 1969, 278, col. 665b.
^Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. p. 131. ISBN978-1438126968.
^Gulevich, Tanya (2005). Understanding Islam and Muslim traditions: an introduction to the religious practices, celebrations, festivals, observances, beliefs, folklore, customs, and calendar system of the world's Muslim communities, including an overview of Islamic history and geography. Omnigraphics. p. 232. ISBN978-0780807044.
