| Disputed island | |
|---|---|
| |
 | |
| Other names | Ilha Brasileira, Isla Brasileña |
| Geography | |
| Location | Uruguay River |
| Coordinates | 30°11′06″S 57°37′48″W / 30.185°S 57.63°W / -30.185; -57.63 |
| Total islands | 1 |
| Area | 2.5 km2 (0.97 sq mi)(approximate) |
| Administration | |
Brazil in practice | |
| Claimed by | |
| State |  Rio Grande do Sul |
| Municipality | Barra do Quaraí |
| Department |  Artigas |
| Municipality | Bella Unión |
| Demographics | |
| Population | uninhabited |
Brazilian Island (Portuguese: Ilha Brasileira; in Standard Spanish: Isla Brasileña; in Portuñol/Portunhol: Isla Brasilera1) is a small uninhabited river island at the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Quaraí (Cuareim) River, between the borders of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, which is disputed by the two latter countries. The island is approximately 3.7 km (2.3 mi) long by 0.9 km (0.6 mi) wide, and it is located at 30°10′56″S 57°37′43″W / 30.18222°S 57.62861°W / -30.18222; -57.62861.
The island has long been claimed by both Brazil and Uruguay. Brazilian officials claim that the island is within their municipalityofBarra do Quaraí, stateofRio Grande do Sul. Uruguayan officials claim that the island is part of their municipalityofBella Unión, in Artigas Department.[1] However, neither country has shown interest in actively enforcing its claims to the island, for example by sending troops there. Like the other territorial dispute between Brazil and Uruguay in the vicinity of Masoller, it has not prevented close and friendly diplomatic and economic ties between the two countries.
From 1964 to 2011, the island had a single house and a single inhabitant, a Brazilian farmer called José Jorge Daniel. In 2011, suffering from health problems, Mr. Daniel moved out of the island to live with relatives in the nearby city of Uruguaiana, Brazil, where he died shortly afterwards, aged 93 or 95 (sources differ).[2][3] Since then, the island has been uninhabited and unoccupied.
On 7 August 2009, the island suffered severe damage by a fire caused by unknown reasons (though arson was suspected), which burned at least 40% of the island's area. The fire was eventually put out by a joint transnational effort by the firefighters from Barra do Quaraí and Bella Unión. Mr. Daniel, who still lived there at the time, and his house were unscathed.[4] Since then, teams of biologists and students from nearby Brazilian universities, supported by Brazilian and Uruguayan ecological NGOs, have gone on occasional expeditions to the island to study the fire damage to local wildlife and try to restore its former ecosystem.[3]
^ In standard Spanish, the word "Brazilian" is brasileño/brasileña, but in the Southern Cone, most particularly in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, the portuñol term brasilero/brasilera is more commonly used.
