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The Red Banner Central Asian Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces, which existed in 1926–1945 and 1969–1989, with its headquarters at Tashkent (1926–1945) and Almaty (1969–1989). By USSR Order No.304 of 4 June 1926, the Turkestan Front was renamed the Central Asian Military District.
Battle flag of the 374th Guards Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment from its time serving in the Central Asian Military District.
In August 1964, the headquarters of the 18th Guards Army was relocated to Alma-Ata, where it became the operational group of the Turkestan Military District.
With the Chinese threat growing, a new district was established. The operational group was converted back into the 18th Army (without the Guards designation) on 4 March 1969, but was used to activate the headquarters of the Central Asian Military District on 24 June 1969.[6][7]
Most of the forces in the district were deployed in the border areas with China. On sections of the border where the natural terrain facilitated the possible advance of the enemy, Fortified Regions were created, which were formations of machine-gun and artillery battalions in stationary positions.
In 1988 the CAMD included the 32nd Army and 17th Army Corps, and troops directly subordinate to district command. The 73rd Air Army provided air support, and air defence duties were carried out by the 12th and 14th Air Defence Armies. The 32nd Army (headquartered in Semipalatinsk) included a tank and three motor rifle divisions, anti-aircraft and missile brigades, artillery and rocket regiments, separate Flame-tank regiment, and others. The 17th Army Corps (headquartered in Frunze) included the 8th Guards Motor Rifle Division (Frunze), the 68th Motor Rifle Division (Sary Ozek), the 134th Motor Rifle Division (Dushanbe), the 68th Independent Motor Rifle Brigade (Osh), a mountain unit, and the 30th independent Motor Rifle Regiment (KurdaiinDzhambulskaya Oblast).[8] District units included the 80th Guards Training Motor Rifle Division and cadre artillery, rear defence, and motor-rifle divisions, 5th, 107th, and 108th communications brigades, and the 126th Rocket Brigade of surface-to-surface missiles.
The district was disestablished and its territory incorporated into the Turkestan Military District from 5 January 1989 on.[10] At that time it had the following structure:
Formations and units under direct district subordination[edit]
District Command and Headquarters (Управление командующего и штаб) – Alma Ata, Kazakh SSR
Separate Staff Security and Support Battalion (отдельный батальон охраны и обеспечения штаба) – Alma Ata
141st Separate Radio-technical Brigade OsNaz (141-я отдельная радиотехническая бригада ОсНаз) – Chengeldy (GRU formation operationally attached to the district)
27th Radio Intercept Regiment (27-й полк засечки и разведки) – Tselinograd (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district)
5th Separate Signals Brigade of the High Command (5-я отдельная бригада связи ВГК) – Alma Ata
108th Separate Signals Brigade (108-я отдельная бригада связи) – Taldıqorğan
107th Separate Signals Brigade (107-я отдельная бригада связи) – Burunday
Separate Signals Battalion for Rear Services Communications (отдельный батальон связи тыла) – Burunday
12th Chemical Defence Brigade (12-я бригада химической защиты) – Burunday
Material Supply Brigade (бригада материального обеспечения) – Jambyl
Repair and Overhaul Base (ремонтно-восстановительная база) – Alma Ata
2030th Separate Battalion for Field Water Supply (2030-й отдельный батальон полевого водоснабжения) – Kapchagay
210th Guards Military District Training Center (210-й гвардейский окружнный учебный центр), until 1988 the 80th Guards Training Motor Rifle Division (80-я гвардейская учебная мотострелковая дивизия) – Otar (Gvardeyskiy) (all the units, except for the 66th Training MRR, are based in Otar)
Commandant's Company [MP] (комендантская рота)
112th Separate Guards Training Signals Battalion (112-й отдельный гвардейский учебный батальон связи)
55th Guards Venskiy, awarded the Order of Kutuzov III degree and the Order of Alexander Nevsky Training Motor Rifle Regiment (55-й гвардейский учебный мотострелковый Венский орденов Кутузова III степени и Александра Невского полк)
66th awarded the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Training Motor Rifle Regiment (66-й учебный орденов Кутузова и Богдана Хмельницкого мотострелковый полк) – Arys
372nd Guards Kishinyovskiy, awarded the Order of Suvorov and the Order Kutuzov III degree Training Motor Rifle Regiment (372-й гвардейский учебный мотострелковый Кишинёвский орденов Суворова и Кутузова III степени полк)
171st Guards Kishinyovskiy, awarded the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree Training Artillery Regiment (171-й гвардейский учебный артиллерийский Кишинёвский ордена Богдана Хмельницкого II степени полк)
Separate Training Surface-to-Surface Missile Battalion (отдельный учебный ракетный дивизион)
Separate Training Anti-Tank Battalion (отдельныйучебный противотанковый дивизион)
759th Tarnopolskiy Training Air Defence Missile and Artillery Regiment (759-й учебный зенитный ракетно-артиллерийский Тарнопольский полк)
Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (отдельныйразведывательный батальон)
90th Separate Guards Training Sapper Battalion (90-й отдельный гвардейский учебный инженерно-сапёрный батальон)
Separate Chemical Defence Battalion (отдельный батальон химической защиты)
445th Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (445-й отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон)
589th Separate Medical Battalion (589-й отдельный медицинский батальон)
725th Separate Material Supply Battalion (725-й отдельный батальон материального обеспечения)
269th Motor Rifle Division [cadred] (269-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра) – Otar (Gvardeyskiy)
64th Artillery Division [cadred] (64-я артиллерийская дивизия кадра) – Burunday
236th Division of Rear Area Security [cadred] (236-я дивизия охраны тыла кадра) – Otar (Gvardeyskiy)
Ground Forces of the Central Asian Military District[edit]
The Ground Forces of the military district consisted of the 32nd CA Army and the 17th Army Corps. At the time of the fusion of the CAMD into the Turkestan Military District in 1989 they consisted of:
32nd Combined Arms Army (32-я общевойсковая армия)
Army Command and Headquarters (Управление командующего и штаб) – Semipalatinsk
Separate Staff Security and Support Company (отдельная рота охраны и обеспечения) – Semipalatinsk
165th Separate SpetsNaz Company of the GRU (165-я отдельная рота спецназа ГРУ) – Ayagoz (GRU formation operationally attached to the army)
Separate Radio Intercept Battalion (отдельный батальон засечки и разведки) – Ust-Kamenogorsk (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the army)
210th Separate Signals Regiment (210-й отдельный полк связи) – Semipalatinsk
450th Separate Helicopter Regiment (450-й отдельный вертолётный полк) – Usharal
27th Separate Helicopter Squadron (27-я отдельная вертолётная эскадрилья) – Semipalatinsk
1144th Missile Air Defence Regiment (1144-й зенитно-ракетный полк) – Aktogay
345th Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (345-йотдельный ракетный дивизион) – Ayagoz
85th Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (85-й отдельный разведывательный батальон) – Ayagoz
103rd Separate Sapper Engineer Battalion (103-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон) – Ayagoz
546th Separate Chemical Defence Battalion (546-й отдельный батальон химической защиты) – Ayagoz
Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон) – Ayagoz
Separate Medical Battalion (отдельный медицинский батальон) – Aktogay
Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения) – Ayagoz
71st Motor Rifle Division (71-я мотострелковая дивизия) – Semipalatinsk (transformed into the 5202nd Weaponry and Equipment Storage Base (5202-я БХВТ) in 1989)
- (all units in Semipalatinsk) -
Separate Signals Battalion (отдельный батальон связи)
Motor Rifle Regiment (мотострелковый полк)
Motor Rifle Regiment (мотострелковый полк)
Motor Rifle Regiment (мотострелковый полк)
620th Tank Regiment (620-й танковый полк)
Artillery Regiment (артиллерийский полк)
Missile Air Defence Regiment (зенитно-ракетный полк)
Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (отдельный ракетный дивизион)
Separate Anti-Tank Battalion (отдельный противотанковый дивизион)
236th Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (236-й отдельный разведывательный батальон)
227th Separate Sapper Engineer Battalion (227-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон)
636th Separate Chemical Defence Company (636-яотдельная рота химической защиты)
Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон)
Separate Medical Battalion (отдельный медицинский батальон)
Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения)
155th Motor Rifle Division (155-я мотострелковая дивизия) – Ust-Kamenogorsk (transformed into the 5203rd Weaponry and Equipment Storage Base (5203-я БХВТ) in 1989)
- (all units in Ust-Kamenogorsk) -
1069th Separate Signals Battalion (1069-й отдельный батальон связи)
374th Motor Rifle Regiment (374-ймотострелковый полк)
511th Motor Rifle Regiment (511-ймотострелковый полк)
515th Motor Rifle Regiment (515-ймотострелковый полк)
Missile Air Defence Regiment (зенитно-ракетный полк)
Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (отдельный ракетный дивизион)
Separate Anti-Tank Battalion (отдельный противотанковый дивизион)
129th Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (129-й отдельный разведывательный батальон)
1030th Separate Sapper Engineer Battalion (1030-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон)
Separate Chemical Defence Company (отдельная рота химической защиты)
Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон)
Separate Medical Battalion (отдельный медицинский батальон)
Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения)
203rd Motor Rifle Division (203-я мотострелковая дивизия) – Karaganda (transformed into the 5204th Weaponry and Equipment Storage Base (5204-я БХВТ) in 1989)
- (all units in Karaganda) -
582nd Separate Signals Battalion (582-й отдельный батальон связи)
31st Motor Rifle Regiment (31-ймотострелковый полк)
53rd Motor Rifle Regiment (53-ймотострелковый полк)
54th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (54-й гвардейскиймотострелковый полк)
17th Army Corps (17-й армейский корпус) (after the disintegration of the USSR the remnants of the corps became the foundation for the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic)
Corps Command and Headquarters (Управление корпуса и штаб) – Frunze
789th Separate Staff Security and Support Company (789-я отдельная рота охраны и обеспечения) – Frunze
525th Separate SpetsNaz Company (525-я отдельная рота спецназа) – Frunze (GRU formation operationally attached to the army)
Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (отдельный батальон РЭБ) – Sary-Ozek (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit
342nd Separate Signals Battalion (342-й отдельный батальон связи) – Frunze
303rd Separate Helicopter Squadron (303-я отдельная вертолётная эскадрилья) – Dushanbe
30th Separate Motor Rifle Regiment (30-й отдельный мотострелковый полк) – Rybachye (became part of the 8th MRD on August 24, 1989)
179th Separate Multiple Rocket Launcher Artillery Battalion (179-й отдельный реактивный артиллерийский дивизион) – Sary-Ozek
186th Separate Air Defence Missile and Artillery Battalion (186-й отдельный зенитный ракетно-артиллерийский дивизион) – Osh
751st Separate Sapper Engineer Battalion (751-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон) – Kapchagay
78th Material Supply Brigade (78-я бригада материального обеспечения) – Frunze
Separate Pack Animals Transport Company (отдельная вьючно-транспортная рота) – Osh
8th Guards Rezhitskaya, awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Major-General I. V. Panfilov (8-я гвардейская мотострелковая Режицкая ордена Ленина, Краснознамённая, ордена Суворова дивизия имени Героя Советского Союза генерал-майора И. В. Панфилова) – Frunze
41st Separate Guards Signal Battalion (41-й отдельный гвардейский батальон связи) – Rybachye
Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (837-й отдельный ракетный дивизион) – Bokhtar
Separate Anti-Tank Battalion (отдельный противотанковый дивизион) – Dushanbe
Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (отдельный разведывательный батальон) – Dushanbe
Separate Sapper Engineer Battalion (отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон) – Dushanbe
Separate Chemical Defence Company (отдельная рота химической защиты) – Dushanbe
Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон) – Dushanbe
Separate Medical Battalion (отдельный медицинский батальон) – Dushanbe
Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения) – Dushanbe
68th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade (mountain) (68-я отдельная мотострелковая бригада (горная)) – Osh (the sole mountain infantry formation in the Soviet Army)[8]
Air Forces of the Central Asian Military District[edit]
By Order of the Ministry of Defence of the Soviet Union (Приказ МО СССР) dating from January 5, 1980 and calling for an increased co-operation between the land and air forces by bringing them together "under common banners" (свести『под одни знамена』ВВС и сухопутные войска с целью повышения их взаимодействия) the tactical air forces have effectively become army aviation in their entirety and the previous commanders of the air armies becoming deputy military district commanders in charge of aviation. Correspondingly the 73rd Air Army was transformed into the Air Forces of the Central Asian Military District. This military reform was reversed as counter-productive and in May 1988 the AF CASM were reverted to the 73rd Air Army. It consisted of:[11][12][13]
73rd Air Army (73-я воздушная армия) – Alma Ata
87th Separate Signals and Automatised Command and Control Systems Regiment (87-й отдельный полк связи и автоматизированных систем управления) – Alma Ata
457th Separate Composite Aviation Regiment (457-й отдельный смешанный авиационный полк) – Tu-134, Il-20/22, An-12 An-72, An-26, An-24, An-30, Mi-8 – Alma Ata
24th Aviation Division of Fighter-Bombers (24-я авиационная дивизия истребителей-бомбардировщиков) – Taldıqorğan
129th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (129-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков) – Taldıqorğan – MiG-27/MiG-23UB
134th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (134-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков) – Zhangiztobe – MiG-27/MiG-23UB
905th Separate Fighter Aviation Regiment (905-й отдельный истребительный авиационный полк) – Taldıqorğan – MiG-23MLD (according to some sources there was also a detachment from Maryy-1 aggressor training 1521st Air Base[14] at Taldıqorğan, flying MiG-23s and used for combat air maneuver training)
149th Separate Guards Red Banner Bomber Aviation Regiment (149-й отдельный гвардейский бомбардировочный Краснознаменный авиационный полк) – Nikolayevka (Alma Ata) – Su-24
39th Separate Nikopolskiy, awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (39-й отдельный разведывательный Никопольский ордена Александра Невского авиационный полк) – Balkhash – MiG-25RB, Su-24MR
381st Separate Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (381-й отдельный разведывательный авиационный полк) – Shymkent – Su-17MR
154th Separate Helicopter Squadron of the Air Force's Search and Rescue Service (154-я отдельная вертолётная эскадрилья поисково-спасательной службый ВВС) – Karaganda – Mi-6, Mi-8
82nd Separate Helicopter Search and Rescue Flight (82-й отдельный вертолётный поисково-спасательный отряд) – Aralsk - Ми-8 Ми-9 Ми-14 Ми-6 (could belong to the aviation of GUKOS)
Separate Search and Rescue Aviation Flight (отдельный поисково-спасательный авиационный отряд) – Fort-Shevchenko – Mi-14, Mi-8
^Drozdov, Sergey. ""Была такая авиация... Эхо былой воздушной мощи" [There Was Such Aviation... Echo of Air Power Past]". Авиация и космонавтика [Aviation and Spaceflight]. February 2016: 16–18.
Military Encyclopedic Dictionary (Военный энциклопедический словарь), Moscow, 1984, 2002.
Feskov, V.I.; Kalashnikov, K.A; Golikov, V.I.; Slugin, S.A. (2013). The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II, from the Red Army to the Soviet (Part 1: Land Forces). (В.И. Слугин С.А. Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской (часть 1: Сухопутные войска)). Томск.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[1]Archived 2018-12-19 at the Wayback Machine
