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The aircraft involved in 1998 on final approach at Hong Kong International Airport
| |
| Arson | |
|---|---|
| Date | 7 May 2002 (2002-05-07) |
| Summary | Loss of control caused by in-flight arson |
| Site | Bohai Bay, near Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport, Dalian, Liaoning, China 38°54′N 121°36′E / 38.9°N 121.6°E / 38.9; 121.6 |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | McDonnell Douglas MD-82 |
| Operator | China Northern Airlines |
| Registration | B-2138 |
| Flight origin | Beijing Capital International Airport |
| Destination | Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport |
| Occupants | 112 |
| Passengers | 103 |
| Crew | 9 |
| Fatalities | 112 |
| Survivors | 0 |
China Northern Airlines Flight 6136 (CBF6136/CJ6136) was a Chinese domestic passenger flight from Beijing Capital International AirporttoDalian Zhoushuizi International Airport. On 7 May 2002, the McDonnell Douglas MD-82 operating the flight crashed into the bay near Dalian shortly after the pilot reported "fire on board", killing all 103 passengers and 9 crew members. The cause of the fire was later determined to be arson.[1]
The aircraft involved was a McDonnell Douglas MD-82 with the registration B-2138 and manufacturer's serial number 49522. It had been built in 1991 and had accumulated about 27,000 hours of flight time in service. According to senior official of the General Administration of the Civil Aviation of China, Yang Yuanyuan, the aircraft had just undergone its routine maintenance check and had a perfect maintenance record.[2][3][4]
The aircraft had been involved in two previous hijackings (neither of which resulted in fatalities) to Taipei, Taiwan, both of which occurred in 1993 and both destination are Fuzhou:
The plane left its boarding gate at Beijing Capital International Airport at 20:22 and took off at 20:37 local time (12:37 UTC) from Runway 36R. At 21:20, as the aircraft neared Dalian, the captain reported "fire in cabin" and "the tail is on fire" to Dalian tower and requested an emergency landing.[7][8] At 21:24 the aircraft disappeared from the radar screen and lost contact with air traffic control.[9] It was due to arrive in Dalian at 21:40. The aircraft crashed in the water at a 90 degree bank angle and 30 degree nose down pitch. Witnesses stated that the aircraft made several circles before suddenly plunging into the sea with its light out.[9][10]
Emergency services were immediately deployed shortly after the crash. Chinese Navy forces stationed in Dalian deployed four naval ships into the crash site. More than 30 tug boats joined the search and rescue mission. Rescuers immediately recovered 60 bodies and debris from the crash site, including a badly burned food cart.[9] President Jiang Zemin and Premier Zhu Rongji ordered aviation, police and transport agencies and the Chinese military to fully organize and support the rescue efforts.[9]
On May 8, Chinese search and rescue personnel detected signals from the flight recorders. Dalian authorities sent 51 divers to 17 different locations to find the flight recorders of the plane.[2] On 10 May, weak signals were detected by salvage workers. They also recovered a 15-metre section of the plane from the sea. On May 14, seven days after the disaster, the two flight recorders were retrieved from the seabed by searchers.[1][11][12]
| Nationality | Passengers | Crew | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 96 | 9 | 105 |
| Japan | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| India | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Singapore | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| South Korea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 103 | 9 | 112 |
Of the 103 passengers, 96 were from China; three were Japanese; and the remaining four were from France, India, Singapore and South Korea. 100 of the passengers were adults while 3 were children. Most of the passengers were residents of Dalian.[9][13]
The pilot of the flight was Captain Wang Yongxiang.[a] aged 35, and had more than 11,000 total flying hours. The second in command was Chen Xiuming.[b] aged 29, and had accumulated more than 3,300 total flying hours. The second officer was Pan Mintsi,[c] with a total flying time of 4,980 hours.[14]
The Chinese Government immediately ordered an investigation into the cause of the crash. A special investigation panel sent by the central government later arrived in Dalian. The panel consisted of vice secretary-general of the State Council Long Quan; heads of the Ministry of Communications, the General Administration of Civil Aviation, the Ministry of Public Security, and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) of the United States.[9][15][16]
In the immediate aftermath of the disaster, in-flight fire was suspected as the main cause of the crash. This was confirmed by the crew's emergency call to ATC about the presence of fire on board the aircraft. Multiple witnesses also supported this theory. The possibility of an in-flight fire became higher after rescuers retrieved a badly burnt food cart on the crash site.[17]
Chinese provincial papers stated that a short-circuit might have caused the fire.[18]
In response to the crash of Air China Flight 129 and China Northern Airlines Flight 6136, CAAC official Yuanyuan stated that China's air safety reform would be delayed.[19]
Findings of the accident investigation were published by the Xinhua News Agency on December 8, 2002. A passenger named Zhang Pilin[d] apparently set fire to the passenger cabin with gasoline, causing the loss of control and crash. Zhang had purchased seven air insurance policies worth a total of 1,400,000 renminbi (about 170,000 USD) prior to boarding the flight.[20][16]
The investigation of the wreckage showed a quantity of gasoline near Zhang's seat, and that most passengers, including Zhang, died of carbon monoxide inhalation. The engines, cabin floor, and other critical parts showed no signs of burning or explosion.
Further investigation showed that Zhang had flown from Dalian to Beijing and returned to Dalian on Flight 6136 the same day. According to security camera recordings, he had spent several hours smoking cigarettes in the waiting hall of Beijing airport. Zhang purchased two insurance policies before leaving Dalian and purchased the remaining five in Beijing. Some water bottles filled with gasoline were also found in Zhang's apartment. The investigation also showed that Zhang was married, had a son, ran his own company, and was in a large amount of debt.[21][22]
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Aviation accidents and incidents in China
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| Before 1949 |
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| 1950–1979 |
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| 1980s |
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| 2000s |
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Accidents and incidents in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan are not included. | |
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Aviation accidents and incidents in 2002 (2002)
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Jan 5 Jan 14 Jan 16 Jan 27 Jan 28 Feb 12 Apr 15 Apr 18 May 3 May 4 May 7 China Northern Airlines Flight 6136 May 7 May 25 Jun 17 C-130 Hercules airtanker crash Jul 1 Jul 1 America West Airlines Flight 556 Jul 4 Prestige Airlines Boeing 707 crash Jul 10 Swiss International Air Lines Flight 850 Jul 16 Bristow Helicopters Sikorsky crash Jul 18 PB4Y-2 Privateer airtanker crash Jul 26 Africa One Antonov An-26 crash Jul 26 Jul 27 Jul 28 Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560 Aug 19 Aug 22 Shangri-La Air Twin Otter crash Aug 30 Rico Linhas Aéreas Flight 4823 Sep 14 Total Linhas Aéreas Flight 5561 Oct 9 Nov 6 Nov 11 Laoag International Airlines Flight 585 Dec 21 Dec 23 | |
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Non-political mass violence in China
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| Arson |
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| Bombings |
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| Shootings |
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| Stabbings |
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| Vehicular |
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| Other |
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