The Constitution of Brunei , officially Constitution of the State of Brunei (Malay: Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei; Jawi: ڤرلمباݢاءن نڬري بروني), was created in 1959.[1] Ultimate authority rests with the Sultan, who is both head of state and head of government. In 2004 the Sultan approved a number of amendments to the constitution, including provision for a partially elected Legislative Council. As of 31 December 2018[update], elections had not been held.[2]
Brunei's political system is governed by the constitution and the national tradition of the Malay Islamic Monarchy (Melayu Islam Beraja; MIB). The three components of MIB cover Malay culture, Islamic religion, and the political framework under the monarchy.[3] It has a legal system based on English common law, although Islamic law (shariah) supersedes this in some cases.[4] Brunei has a parliament but there are no elections; the last election was held in 1962.[5]
It took almost six years to design the 1959 Constitution of Brunei before an agreement was reached with the British government. The creation of the Tujuh Serangkai ("seven branches"), a constitutional committee, and the signing of the agreement on 29 September 1959, followed a roughly three-year period of constitutional consultations in Brunei and London. These actions were the primary means of carrying out Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III's intentions.[8]
^Siti Nor Anis Nadiah Haji Mohamad; Mariam Abdul Rahman (2021-11-15). "Penggubalan Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei 1959: Satu Sorotan Sejarah" [Drafting of The Brunei Constitutions of 1959: A Historical Review]. THE SULTAN ALAUDDIN SULAIMAN SHAH JOURNAL. 8 (2): 44. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
Brunei
Constitution of BruneiatWikisource
