Inorganic chemistry, the Davis oxidationorDavis' oxaziridine oxidation refers to oxidations involving the use of the Davis reagent (2-(phenylsulfonyl)-3-phenyloxaziridine) or other similar oxaziridine reagents.[1] This reaction mainly refers to the generation of α-hydroxy carbonyl compounds (acyloins) from ketonesoresters.[2][3] The reaction is carried out in a basic environment to generate the corresponding enolate from the ketone or ester. This reaction has been shown to work for amides.[4]
Regarding the α-hydroxylation of carbonyls, the base first converts the ketone or ester into its corresponding enolate. Then, the enolate anion as a nucleophile attacks the oxygen atom of the oxaziridine in a SN2 mechanism, forming a hemiaminal intermediate. The intermediate then fragments into a sulfinimine, and, after protonation, the desired α-hydroxyketone or α-hydroxyester.[3][12][13]
^Kürti, László; Czakó, Barbara (29 September 2005). Strategic Applications of Named Reactions in Organic Synthesis. pp. 130–131. ISBN978-0-12-429785-2.
^Davis, Franklin A.; Vishwakarma, Lal C.; Billmers, Joanne G.; Finn, John (1 August 1984). "Synthesis of α-hydroxycarbonyl compounds (acyloins): direct oxidation of enolates using 2-sulfonyloxaziridines". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 49 (17): 3241–3243. doi:10.1021/jo00191a048.
^ abDavis, Franklin A.; Chen, Bang Chi (1992). "Asymmetric hydroxylation of enolates with N-sulfonyloxaziridines". Chemical Reviews. 92 (5): 919–934. doi:10.1021/cr00013a008.
^Evans, David Albert; Morrissey, Michael M.; Dorow, Roberta L. (1985-07-01). "Asymmetric oxygenation of chiral imide enolates. A general approach to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure α-hydroxy carboxylic acid synthons". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 107 (14): 4346–4348. doi:10.1021/ja00300a054.
^Mata, Ernesto G. (1996). "Recent advances in the synthesis of sulfoxides from sulfides". Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements. 117 (1): 231–286. doi:10.1080/10426509608038790.
^Bohé, Luis; Lusinchi, Marie; Lusinchi, Xavier (1999). "Oxygen atom transfer from a chiral N-alkyl oxaziridine promoted by acid. The asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides". Tetrahedron. 55 (1): 155–156. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(98)01035-7.
^Davis, Franklin A.; Harakal, Mark E.; Awad, Sami B. (1983). "Chemistry of oxaziridines. 4. Asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes using chiral 2-sulfonyloxaziridines: evidence for a planar transition state geometry". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 105 (10): 3123–3126. doi:10.1021/ja00348a029.
^Bohé, Luis; Lusinchi, Marie; Lusinchi, Xavier (1999). "Oxygen atom transfer from a chiral oxaziridinium salt. Asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized olefins". Tetrahedron. 55 (1): 141–154. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(98)01034-5.
^Davis, Franklin A.; Weismiller, Michael C.; Murphy, Christopher K.; Reddy, R. Thimma; Chen, Bang Chi (1992). "Chemistry of oxaziridines. 18. Synthesis and enantioselective oxidations of the [(8,8-dihalocamphoryl)sulfonyl]oxaziridines". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 57 (26): 7274–7285. doi:10.1021/jo00052a050.
