DzhankoiorJankoy[1] is a city of regional significance in the northern part of Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but since 2014 occupied by Russia. It also serves as administrative centre of Dzhankoi Raion although it is not a part of the raion (district). Population: 38,622 (2014 Census).[2]
The name Dzhankoi (Ukrainian and Russian: Джанкой; German: Dshankoj;[3]Crimean Tatar: Canköy; Yiddish: דזשאנקאיע) means 'new village': canköy < cañı köy (cañı is 'new' in the northern dialect of Crimean Tatar), but it is often explained as meaning 'spirit-village' (< can 'spirit' + köy 'village').
The city has various industries, which produce automobiles, reinforced concrete, fabric, meat, and other products. Dzhankoi also has professional technical schools.
Dzhankoi's climate is mostly hot in the summer, and mild in the winter. The average temperature ranges from −2 °C (28 °F) in January, to 23 °C (73 °F) in July. The average precipitation is 420 millimetres (17 in) per year.
Dzhankoi was mentioned for the first time in 1855, and it received city status in 1926. About 1,400 Jews lived in Dzhankoi on the eve of the Second World War.[4] In 1941, during the war, Dzhankoi was occupied by German troops. During the occupation, 720 Jewish members of the local collective farm were shot in the city.[4] Other accounts mention 7,000,[5] which could include Jews brought from elsewhere.[6] Dzhankoi was recaptured by Soviet troops on April 13, 1944. In 1954, as part of the Crimean region, it became part of the Ukrainian SSR. Since 1991, it has been a part of independent Ukraine. In February 2014, it was annexed by Russia. On the night of March 20, 2023, explosions caused by drone attacks were reported in the area.[7]
Dzhankoi is a transport hub. Through the city pass two major railways of the peninsula as well as two major European highways. It has two railroad terminals - the central one, where only passenger and fast trains stop and the suburban one - where only suburban trains, known as elektrichkas, are allowed.
In the 2014 census conducted by Russian occupation authorities, the town had a population of 38,622, of which 25,787 (66.77%) were Russian, 6,401 (16.57%) were Ukrainian, 2,807 (7.27%) were Crimean Tatar and 829 (2.15%) were Tatar.[9]
^ abArad, Yitzhak (2009). The Holocaust in the Soviet Union. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem.
^"Крым". Электронная еврейская энциклопедия. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
^Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2012). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos. Volume II: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe, 1933-1945. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. p. 1765.
^Silverman, Jerry (2010). Songs of the Jewish People. Mel Bay Publications. pp. 54–55.
^"Video Archives: Yosl Kogan, Bershad Ghetto". AHEYM: Archives of Historical and Ethnographic Yiddish Memories. Indiana University (Bloomington), College of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
Ukraine (occupied by Russia)
