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German Bolivians Deutsche Bolivianer Different estimates:
57,000 mennonites (Kopp, 2015).[1]
60,000 plautdietsch speakers (Salminen, 2007; in Ethnologue, 2019).[2]
Bolivian Spanish , German , and Plautdietsch . Yiddish is spoken by German -Jewish communities.Christianity (Protestantism , Lutheranism , Reformed , Mennonite , Amish , Roman Catholicism ) and Judaism .Germans Austrian Americans German Mexican German Brazilians German Argentines German diaspora
German Bolivians are Bolivians of full, partial, or predominantly German descent, or German-born people residing in Bolivia.
Waves of immigration [ edit ]
German immigrants began to arrive in Bolivia in the 18th century, and many more arrived in the 19th century.[3] During World War II , Bolivia ceased diplomatic relations with Germany and expelled many Germans.[3] Many German Jews immigrated to Bolivia during the war.[4] Inti SA, Bolivia's largest pharmaceutical company, was founded by German immigrant Ernesto W. N. Schilling Huhn.[5]
A substantial and growing part of the Germanic population in Bolivia are Plautdietsch -speaking Mennonites from Russia , who are of Dutch and Prussian descent. These Mennonites started to immigrate in the 1950s, with large waves of immigrants in the 1960s and 1970s, mainly from Mexico and Paraguay . In 2012 there were 23,818 church members in congregations of these Mennonites, indicating a total population of about 70,000.[6] The total population of German Mennonites in Bolivia was estimated at 60,000 by Lisa Wiltse in 2010.[7] See also: Mennonites in Bolivia .
Education [ edit ]
German schools:
Historic German schools:[8]
Notable German Bolivians [ edit ]
Ronald Rivero Kuhn , footballer
Hugo Banzer , military officer, twice President
Germán Busch , military officer and President
Luciano Durán Böger , writer and poet
Enrique Hertzog , physician and President
Pato Hoffmann , actor and theater director
Noel Kempff , biologist and environmentalist
Jaime Mirtenbaum Zenamon , classical guitarist and composer
Alberto Natusch , military officer and dictator
Erwin Sánchez Freking , footballer
Achim von Kries , German military officer
Blanca Wiethüchter , writer and poet
Jorge Wilstermann , aviator
Lidia Gueiler Tejada , politician (the first female President of Bolivia, and the second woman in the Americas to ever become chief of state).
Luis Gamarra Mayser , singer and songwriter
Rodrigo Mendoza Heinrich , American War Hero
Pedro Kramer , Historian and diplomat
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ Eberhard, David M., Gary F. Simons, & Charles D. Fennig (2019). "Plautdietsch" . Ethnologue: Languages of the World . Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2 April 2019 . {{cite web }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
^ a b "Los alemanes hicieron industria de la grande" . La Razón . June 29, 2009. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011.
^ "El Refugio en Latinoamerica" . Holocaust Encyclopedia . U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum . Retrieved 22 May 2015 .
^ Oblitas, Mónica (February 2, 2007). "Stege: 100 años, un buen comienzo" . Los Tiempos . Archived from the original on May 22, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015 .
^ http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Bolivia&oldid=103617 Bender, Harold S., Martin W. Friesen, Menno Ediger, Isbrand Hiebert and Gerald Mumaw. "Bolivia." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. June 2013. Web. 11 Feb 2014.
^ "Lisa wiltse – the mennonites of manitoba, bolivia" . 26 August 2010.
^ "Deutscher Bundestag 4. Wahlperiode Drucksache IV/3672 " ( Archived 2016-03-12 at the Wayback Machine ). Bundestag (West Germany). 23 June 1965. Retrieved on 12 March 2016. p. 18-19/51.
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Germany
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_Bolivians&oldid=1204138428 "
C a t e g o r i e s :
● E t h n i c g r o u p s i n B o l i v i a
● E u r o p e a n d i a s p o r a i n B o l i v i a
● B o l i v i a n p e o p l e o f G e r m a n d e s c e n t
● G e r m a n d i a s p o r a b y c o u n t r y
● G e r m a n d i a s p o r a i n S o u t h A m e r i c a
● B o l i v i a – G e r m a n y r e l a t i o n s
H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
● C S 1 m a i n t : m u l t i p l e n a m e s : a u t h o r s l i s t
● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n
● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n w i t h e m p t y W i k i d a t a d e s c r i p t i o n
● " R e l a t e d e t h n i c g r o u p s " n e e d i n g c o n f i r m a t i o n
● A r t i c l e s u s i n g i n f o b o x e t h n i c g r o u p w i t h i m a g e p a r a m e t e r s
● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g G e r m a n - l a n g u a g e t e x t
● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g S p a n i s h - l a n g u a g e t e x t
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 6 F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 4 : 0 9 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
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