Graham-Little syndrome is defined by a follicular spinous papule on the body, scalp, or both, noncicatricial alopecia of the axilla and groin, and patchy cicatricial alopecia of the scalp.[3]
Although the precise cause of the condition is unknown, as it is thought to be a variation of lichen planus, cell-mediated immunity—a type of immune system—may be a crucial factor in the development of the disease's clinical manifestation.[3] There have only been a few reported isolated cases of androgen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization),[4] which has a familial pattern, a link with hepatitis B vaccination,[5] and phenotypically feminine (genetically XY) patients.[6]
According to histopathology, early lesions of lichen planopilaris exhibit vacuolar alterations in the outer root sheath as well as perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrates at the level of the isthmus and infundibulum. In more advanced cases, there is epithelial atrophy and perifollicular fibrosis at the level of the isthmus and infundibulum, which results in the distinctive hourglass shape. In more advanced cases, the lost hair follicles are replaced with elastic fibers arranged vertically in place of the lost hair follicles.[3]
^Vega Gutiérrez, J; Miranda‐Romero, A; Pérez Milán, F; Martínez García, G (2004-06-11). "Graham Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization)". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 18 (4). Wiley: 463–466. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00945.x. ISSN0926-9959.
Celen, Arda; Lo Sicco, Kristen; Lee, Nayoung; Meehan, Shane; Weed, Jason (2023-02-01). "Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lasseur Syndrome: A Case Report". Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. 22 (2): 210–216. doi:10.36849/JDD.6926.
László, Fekete Gyula (2013-03-14). "Graham‐Little–Piccardi–Lasseur syndrome: case report and review of the syndrome in men". International Journal of Dermatology. 53 (8). Wiley: 1019–1022. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05672.x. ISSN0011-9059.
