The border is 448 km (278 mi) long, demarcated by pillars and approximately 20 km (12 mi) of the Mureș/Maros River.
The border has been stable since the end of World War II, and is no longer officially in dispute between the countries.[3]
The Hungary–Romania border is an internal border of the European Union. As of July 2024, Romania is a partial member of the Schengen Zone, so full border checks when crossing by air and sea are not required, unlike crossing by land. The date for opening land borders without border control has yet to be decided.[4]
History
[edit]New borders of Austria-Hungary after the treaties of Trianon and Saint Germain. (1919–1920), showing portions transferred to Romania.
Hungary and Romania became belligerents in World War I as Romania entered the war in 1916 on the side of the Allies. During that war the part of Transylvania south of the Maros (Mureș) and east of the Szamos (Someș) had been occupied by Romania forces at the time of the cease-fire agreement of Belgrade signed on 13 November 1918.[6] On 1 December 1918, the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia declared union with the Kingdom of Romania. Subsequently, the Romanian forces moved further into Hungary and occupied Budapest from August to mid-November 1919.[7]
The Treaty of Trianon finalized the armistice between the Allies and Hungary.[8] In the treaty Romania recovered all of Transylvania (including parts of Maramureș, Banat and Crișana),[9][10]
Romania Border Monument at the tripoint with Hungary and Ukraine on the banks of the river Tur. Located in forest.
The Hungarian–Romanian border begins at a tripoint located in the historical region of the Banat, 15 km (9.3 mi) south-east of the Hungarian town of Szeged, where the border between Hungary and Serbia intersects the land border between Romania and Serbia. It generally runs south-south-westwards/north-north-eastwards across the Pannonian Basin to another tripoint located on the Tur river, 16 km (9.9 mi) north of the Romanian town of Satu Mare, where the Hungarian-Ukrainian border intersects the land border between Romania and Ukraine.
^Lowczyk Olivier, (2010) La fabrique de la paix. Du Comité d'études à la Conférence de la paix, l'élaboration par la France des traités de la Première Guerre mondiale, Paris, Economica, Coll. Bibliothèque stratégique, (in French).
^Ablonczy, Balázs (2011). A visszatért Erdély 1940–1944 [The returned Transylvania 1940–1944] (in Hungarian). Budapest: Jaffa Kiadó. ISBN978-963-9971-60-8.
^Vago, Raphael (1989). The Grandchildren of Trianon: Hungary and the Hungarian Minority in the Communist States. Boulder, Colorado: East European Monographs. p. 25. ISBN978-0-88033-155-5.