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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
1978 single by Chaka Khan
"I'm Every Woman " is a song by American singer Chaka Khan , released in September 1978 by Warner Bros. as her debut solo single from her first album, Chaka funk band Rufus . "I'm Every Woman" was produced by Arif Mardin and written by the successful songwriting team Nickolas Ashford and Valerie Simpson . The single established Chaka's career outside the group Rufus, whom she would leave after their eighth studio album, Masterjam
The track was remixed and re-released in 1989 for Khan's remix album Life Is a Dance: The Remix Project Whitney Houston covered the song in 1992 with production by David Cole and Robert Clivillés and vocals produced by Narada Michael Walden . It was a major hit, peaking at number four on both the US Billboard Hot 100UK Singles Chart .
Chart performance [ edit ]
In the United States , "I'm Every Woman" reached number twenty-one on the Billboard Hot 100Hot Soul Singles ,[1] [2]
Music video [ edit ]
A music video was produced for Khan's version of "I'm Every Woman" at a time when the value of promotional films was increasing. The video, which features five dancing Chakas dressed in various outfits to represent "every woman", was made a few years before the onset of mainstream coverage of "music promos " through such outlets as MTV , VH1 , and BET .
Impact and legacy [ edit ]
Rolling Stone [3]
Credits and personnel [ edit ]
Lead and background vocals by Chaka Khan
Background vocals by Will Lee and Hamish Stuart
Produced by Arif Mardin
Drums by Steve Ferrone
Bass by Will Lee
Guitars by Hamish Stuart and Phil Upchurch
Piano by Richard Tee
Engineer by James Douglass
Certifications [ edit ]
Whitney Houston version [ edit ]
American singer and actress Whitney Houston recorded "I'm Every Woman" for The Bodyguard Narada Michael Walden , with additional production by David Cole and Robert Clivillés from C+C Music Factory . It was released as Houston's second single from the soundtrack on January 2, 1993, by Arista Records . Her version adds the introduction "Whatever you want, whatever you need... " where Houston contributed to the song. Randee St. Nicholas directed the music video for the song, featuring a pregnant Houston. A live performance of "I'm Every Woman" was included in the 1999 release Divas Live '99 Whitney Houston Live: Her Greatest Performances [19]
Release [ edit ]
When "I'm Every Woman" was released, Houston's preceding single, "I Will Always Love You ," was still at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100Billboard Hot 100 in just its seventh and eighth week of release; remaining in the top 40 for nineteen weeks. The song became number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart,[20] Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart,[21] Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. Houston's cover was also a bigger international hit than the original version as it peaked within the top 5 in the UK and several other countries, and the top 20 in France, Australia, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Contrary to popular belief, Houston did not perform backing vocals on Khan's original 1978 version. Chaka Khan confirmed this in an interview with Lester Holt in 2012.[22]
Critical reception [ edit ]
AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised Houston's cover version of "I'm Every Woman", stating that it's a "first-rate" urban pop song "that skillfully capture[s ] Houston at her best."[23] Larry Flick from Billboard [24] Cash Box house jam should launch this track high onto various charts and playlists alike."[25] Entertainment Weekly ' s Amy Linden praised the cover as "triumphant". She explained, "To take on another diva's material requires the female equivalent of cojones, and Houston (wisely) doesn't muck around with the original's overall tone or arrangement. But she sure does it justice, even adding a sly Chaka shout-out as the cut fades."[26]
Alan Jones from Music Week [27] NME [28] Stephen Holden of The New York Times [29] Rolling Stone soul roots.[30] USA Today [31]
Music video [ edit ]
The accompanying music video for "I'm Every Woman" was directed by Randee St. Nicholas, and features a very pregnant Houston performing the song, while scenes from The Bodyguard Cissy Houston as well as by Chaka Khan , Valerie Simpson , Martha Wash and labelmate TLC . The song won Houston a NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video , and received a Grammy Award nomination in 1994 for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance . The video was later made available on Houston's official YouTube channel in 2009 and had generated more than 90 million views as of early 2024.[32]
Track listings and formats [ edit ]
"I'm Every Woman" – 4:45
"Who Do You Love" – 3:55
"I'm Every Woman" (7" single) – 4:44
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
"I'm Every Woman" (a cappella Mix) – 4:27
"I'm Every Woman" (7" single) – 4:44
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix Radio Edit) – 4:40
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
"I'm Every Woman" (a cappella Mix) – 4:27
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix Radio Edit) – 4:40
"I'm Every Woman" (album version) – 4:45
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix II) – 10:54
"Who Do You Love" – 3:55
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix II) – 10:54
"I'm Every Woman" (The C & C Dub) – 10:03
"I'm Every Woman" (a cappella Mix) – 4:27
Credits and personnel [ edit ]
Weekly charts [ edit ]
Year-end charts [ edit ]
Certifications and sales [ edit ]
Release history [ edit ]
Other versions [ edit ]
After the popularity of the Whitney Houston version, The Oprah Winfrey Show [98] Girls Aloud covered "I'm Every Woman" on the UK Discomania album released in 2004.[99] fifth season of American Idol by Mandisa , and put on the album American Idol Season 5: Encores [100] Country pop singer and songwriter Taylor Swift also recorded the song when she was trying to get a record label.[101]
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004 . Record Research. p. 321.
^ a b Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003 . Record Research. p. 144.
^ Dolan, Jon; Lopez, Julyssa; Matos, Michaelangelo; Shaffer, Claire (July 22, 2022). "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time" . Rolling Stone . Retrieved October 30, 2022 .
^ "Kent Music Report No 247 – 19 March 1979 > National Top 100 Singles" . Kent Music Report . Retrieved September 16, 2020 – via Imgur.com.Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 , which is often cited for Australian chart peaks prior to mid-1988, contains the wrong peak for this single.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50 .
^ a b c "Application error (Rails)" . Archived from the original on July 21, 2011.
^ a b "Nederlandse Top 40 – Chaka Khan" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40 . Retrieved October 30, 2021.
^ "Chaka Khan – I'm Every Woman" (in Dutch). Single Top 100 .
^ "Chaka Khan – I'm Every Woman" . Top 40 Singles .
^ "Chaka Khan: Artist Chart History" . Official Charts Company .
^ "Chaka Khan Chart History (Hot 100)" . Billboard
^ "Chaka Khan Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)" . Billboard
^ "Chaka Khan – I'm Every Woman (Remix)" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50 .
^ "Eurochart Hot 100" (PDF) . Music & Media . Retrieved September 25, 2020 .
^ "Chaka Khan – I'm Every Woman (Remix)" (in Dutch). Single Top 100 . Retrieved October 30, 2021.
^ "Official Singles Chart Top 40 | Official Charts Company" . Official Charts Company . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
^ "British single certifications – Chaka Khan – I'm Every Woman" . British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved June 16, 2023 .
^ "I'm Every Woman (Clivilles & Cole House Mix I Edit) * Whitney Houston Official Site" .
^ Andy Kellman. "Live: Her Greatest Performances" . AllMusic .
^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003 . Record Research. p. 124.
^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004 . Record Research. p. 263.
^ Holt, Lester. "Chaka Khan: Whitney like a sister" . NBC Today Show . NBC. Retrieved February 12, 2012 . [dead link
^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine . "The Bodyguard [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]" . AllMusic .
^ Flick, Larry (January 23, 1993). "Single Reviews" (PDF) . Billboard 80 . Retrieved October 26, 2020 .
^ Clark, Randy (January 23, 1993). "Music Reviews: Singles" (PDF) . Cash Box 5 . Retrieved November 1, 2020 .
^ Linden, Amy. "The Bodyguard (soundtrack) - EW.com" . Entertainment Weekly's EW.com . Archived from the original on July 12, 2009. Retrieved August 3, 2013 .
^ Jones, Alan (February 6, 1993). "Market Preview: Mainstream - Singles" (PDF) . Music Week 10 . Retrieved March 24, 2021 .
^ Culp, Nancy (November 21, 1992). "Long Play" . NME 34 . Retrieved March 29, 2023 .
^ Holden, Stephen (December 20, 1992). "Record Brief" . The New York Times
^ "Whitney Houston: Album Guide | Rolling Stone Music" . Rolling Stone the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
^ "The Bodyguard Soundtrack" . Archived from the original on October 4, 2011.
^ "Whitney Houston - I'm Every Woman (Official Video)" . YouTube . November 14, 2009. Retrieved February 27, 2024 .
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . ARIA Top 50 Singles . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40 . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50 . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 100236 ." RPM Library and Archives Canada . Retrieved November 24, 2019.
^ "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 1741 ." RPM Library and Archives Canada . Retrieved November 24, 2019.
^ "Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 1786 ." RPM Library and Archives Canada . Retrieved November 24, 2019.
^ Lwin, Nanda (2000). Top 40 Hits: The Essential Chart Guide . Music Data Canada. p. 135. ISBN 1-896594-13-1
^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF) . Music & Media 20 . Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF) . Music & Media 19 . Retrieved March 12, 2018 .
^ "European Dance Radio Top 25" (PDF) . Music & Media 9 . Retrieved November 18, 2019 .
^ "EHR Top 40" (PDF) . Music & Media 30 . Retrieved April 7, 2024 .
^ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin: Levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 . Finland: Otava. p. 161. ISBN 951-1-21053-X
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in French). Les classement single . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts . Retrieved April 7, 2020.
^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF) . Music & Media 24 . Retrieved March 20, 2018 .
^ "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (26.02.1993 – 04.03.1993)" (PDF) . Dagblaðið Vísir – Tónlist. Retrieved February 4, 2018 .[permanent dead link
^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF) . Music & Media 24 . Retrieved November 24, 2019 .
^ "Whitney Houston - I'm Every Woman" . Top40.nl. Retrieved March 12, 2018 .
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in Dutch). Single Top 100 . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . Top 40 Singles . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF) . Music & Media 28 . Retrieved March 20, 2018 .
^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. p. 810. ISBN 84-8048-639-2
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . Singles Top 100 . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . Swiss Singles Chart . Retrieved January 10, 2014.
^ "Whitney Houston: Artist Chart History" . Official Charts Company . Retrieved April 23, 2017.
^ "Top 50 Airplay Chart" (PDF) . Music Week 22 . Retrieved April 27, 2024 .
^ "Top 60 Dance Singles" (PDF) . Music Week 20 . Retrieved April 8, 2021 .
^ "The RM (PDF) . Music Week , in Record Mirror (Dance Update Supplemental insert)4 . Retrieved October 30, 2021 .
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Hot 100)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Adult Contemporary)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Dance Club Songs)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Pop Songs)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Rhythmic)" . Billboard
^ "Cash Box Top 100 Singles – Week ending March 20, 1993" . Cash Box . Retrieved February 8, 2023 .
^ "Cash Box R&B Singles - Week ending March 27, 1993" . Cash Box . March 27, 1993. Retrieved February 8, 2023 .
^ "Whitney Houston" . Gghunt.utasites.cloud . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
^ "ARIA Charts: The ARIA Report week commencing 20 February 2012 - Issue #1147" (PDF) . Australian Recording Industry Association Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 15, 2012. Retrieved September 19, 2015 .
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in French). Les classement single .
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Japan Hot 100)" . Billboard
^ "Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" (in Dutch). Single Top 100 .
^ "Whitney Houston Chart History (Digital Song Sales)" . Billboard
^ "Local & International Radio Chart Top 100 Week 32 - 2022 - TOSAC" . The Official South African Charts . Recording Industry of South Africa . Retrieved December 27, 2022 .
^ a b Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 132.
^ "Jaaroverzichten 1993" . Hung Medien . Ultratop. Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
^ "Canadian RPM Top 100 Hit Tracks" . RPM Library and Archives Canada . December 18, 1993. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
^ "The RPM Top 100 Adult Contemporary Tracks of 1993" . RPM 58 23 ). RPM Music Publications Ltd. December 18, 1993. ISSN 0315-5994 . Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2011 .
^ "Canada Top 50 Dance Tracks of 1993" . RPM. July 17, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2019 .
^ "1993 Year-End Sales Charts: Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF) . Music & Media 15 . Retrieved November 27, 2019 .
^ "1993 Year-End Airplay Charts: European Dance Radio" (PDF) . Music & Media 18 . Retrieved February 27, 2024 .
^ "Top 100 Singles – Jahrescharts 1993" (in German). GfK Entertainment . Retrieved November 27, 2019 .
^ "Árslistinn 1993" . Dagblaðið Vísir 17 . Retrieved June 1, 2020 .
^ "Single Top 100 over 1993" (PDF) . Dutch Top 40 . Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
^ "Dutchcharts.nl - Jaaroverzichten - Single 1993" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved June 2, 2011 .
^ "Top 100 Singles 1993". Music Week
^ "Airplay Top 50 1993" (PDF) . Music Week 41 . Retrieved May 3, 2024 .
^ "The RM Club Chart 93" (PDF) . Music Week , in Record Mirror (Dance Update Supplemental insert)4 . Retrieved February 3, 2023 .
^ "The Year in Music: 1993" (PDF) . Billboard . December 25, 1993. pp. YE-20. Retrieved August 5, 2020 – via World Radio History.
^ "The Year in Music: 1993" (PDF) . Billboard . December 25, 1993. pp. YE-52. Retrieved August 5, 2020 – via World Radio History.
^ "The Year in Music: 1993" (PDF) . Billboard . December 25, 1993. pp. YE-29. Retrieved August 5, 2020 – via World Radio History.
^ "British single certifications – Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved March 8, 2022 .
^ "American single certifications – Whitney Houston – I'm Every Woman" . Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved March 8, 2022 .
^ "Whitney Houston: I'm Every Woman" . click2music.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on January 10, 2003. Retrieved November 29, 2023 .
^ "New Releases: Singles". Music Week
^ "アイム・エブリー・ウーマン | ホイットニー・ヒューストン" [I'm Every Woman | Whitney Houston] (in Japanese). Oricon . Retrieved September 1, 2023 .
^ 1993 Oprah Commercial [dead YouTube link
^ "DiscoMania (2004, CD)" . Discogs.com . June 21, 2004. Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
^ "American Idol Season 5 Encores" . Amazon.com . October 20, 2006. Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
^ "Celebuzz" . Celebuzz.com . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
External links [ edit ]
t
e
Albums with Rufus
Studio albums
Compilations
Notable singles
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e
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Soundtrack albums
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Compilation albums
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2020s
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27m_Every_Woman&oldid=1228156011 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● 1 9 7 8 s o n g s ● 1 9 7 8 d e b u t s i n g l e s ● C h a k a K h a n s o n g s ● W h i t n e y H o u s t o n s o n g s ● 1 9 9 3 s i n g l e s ● D i s c o s o n g s ● S o n g s w r i t t e n b y N i c k o l a s A s h f o r d ● S o n g s w r i t t e n b y V a l e r i e S i m p s o n ● A m e r i c a n d a n c e - p o p s o n g s ● A m e r i c a n h o u s e m u s i c s o n g s ● S o n g s w i t h f e m i n i s t t h e m e s ● M u s i c v i d e o s d i r e c t e d b y B r u c e G o w e r s ● M u s i c v i d e o s d i r e c t e d b y R a n d e e S t . N i c h o l a s ● S o n g r e c o r d i n g s p r o d u c e d b y A r i f M a r d i n ● S o n g r e c o r d i n g s p r o d u c e d b y N a r a d a M i c h a e l W a l d e n ● S o n g r e c o r d i n g s p r o d u c e d b y R o b e r t C l i v i l l é s ● W a r n e r R e c o r d s s i n g l e s ● A r i s t a R e c o r d s s i n g l e s ● M u s i c W e e k n u m b e r - o n e d a n c e s i n g l e s H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s f r o m N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 9 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s f r o m A p r i l 2 0 2 2 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h p e r m a n e n t l y d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● C S 1 e r r o r s : u n s u p p o r t e d p a r a m e t e r ● C S 1 G e r m a n - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( de ) ● C S 1 I c e l a n d i c - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( is ) ● C S 1 D u t c h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( nl ) ● C S 1 S w e d i s h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( sv ) ● C S 1 J a p a n e s e - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( ja ) ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d Y o u T u b e l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d Y o u T u b e l i n k s f r o m F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 2 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a ● U s e m d y d a t e s f r o m A p r i l 2 0 2 3 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h h A u d i o m i c r o f o r m a t s ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r F l a n d e r s ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r D u t c h 4 0 ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r D u t c h 1 0 0 ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r N e w Z e a l a n d ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r U K s i n g l e s b y n a m e ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d h o t 1 0 0 ● S i n g l e c h a r t c a l l e d w i t h o u t s o n g ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d r a n d b h i p h o p ● S i n g l e c h a r t m a k i n g n a m e d r e f ● C e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y u s a g e s f o r U n i t e d K i n g d o m ● P a g e s u s i n g c e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y w i t h s t r e a m i n g f i g u r e s ● P a g e s u s i n g c e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y w i t h s t r e a m i n g f o o t n o t e ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r A u s t r a l i a ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r A u s t r i a ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r C a n a d a t o p s i n g l e s ● S i n g l e c h a r t c a l l e d w i t h o u t a r t i s t ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r C a n a d a a d u l t c o n t e m p o r a r y ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r C a n a d a d a n c e ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r F r a n c e ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r G e r m a n y ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r S w e d e n ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r S w i t z e r l a n d ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d a d u l t c o n t e m p o r a r y ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d d a n c e c l u b p l a y ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d p o p s o n g s ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d r h y t h m i c ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d j a p a n h o t 1 0 0 ● S i n g l e c h a r t u s a g e s f o r B i l l b o a r d d i g i t a l s o n g s ● C e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y u s a g e s f o r A u s t r a l i a ● P a g e s u s i n g c e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y w i t h s h i p m e n t s f i g u r e s ● C e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y u s a g e s f o r U n i t e d S t a t e s ● P a g e s u s i n g c e r t i f i c a t i o n T a b l e E n t r y w i t h s h i p m e n t s f o o t n o t e ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m O c t o b e r 2 0 2 2 ● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s w i t h M u s i c B r a i n z r e l e a s e g r o u p i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h M u s i c B r a i n z w o r k i d e n t i f i e r s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 9 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 9 : 1 0 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
