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| IEC voltage range | ACRMS voltage (V) |
DC voltage (V) | Defining risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| High voltage | > 1,000 | > 1,500 | Electrical arcing |
| Low voltage | 50 to 1,000 | 120 to 1,500 | Electrical shock |
| Extra-low voltage | <50 | < 120 | Low risk |
International Standard IEC 60038, IEC standard voltages, defines a set of standard voltages for use in low voltage and high voltage AC and DC electricity supply systems.
Where two voltages are given below separated by "/", the first is the root-mean-square voltage between a phase and the neutral connector, whereas the second is the corresponding root-mean-square voltage between two phases (exception: the category shown below called "One Phase", where 240 V is the root-mean-square voltage between the two legs of a split phase). The three-phase voltages are for use in either four-wire (with neutral) or three-wire (without neutral) systems.
Suppliers using 220 V / 380 V or 240 V / 415 V systems were expected by the standard to migrate to the recommended value of 230 V / 400 V by the year 2003. This migration has already been largely completed, at least within the European Union.
| Year | Neutral-Phase [V] / Phase-Phase [V] | Tolerances[1] |
|---|---|---|
| — 1987 | 220 V / 380 V | – 10% .. + 10% |
| 1988 — 2003 | 230 V / 400 V | – 10% .. + 6% |
| 2003 — | 230 V / 400 V | – 10% .. + 10% |
Table 3 of IEC 60038 lists nominal voltages above 1 kV and not exceeding 35 kV. There are two series, one from 3 kV up to 35 kV
Table 4 shows nominal voltages above 35 kV and not exceeding 230 kV.
Table 5 is systematically different, as the highest voltage for equipment is the characteristic value exceeding 245 kV. The enumeration begins at 300 kV and ends with 1200 kV.
