January 8, 1930: Italy's Crown Prince Umberto weds Princess Marie José of BelgiumJanuary 13, 1930: Sir Douglas Mawson and British and New Zealand team find new territory and proclaim an island "Proclamation Island" on behalf of the British CrownJanuary 28, 1930: Spain's dictator Primo de Rivera forced out
A mid-air collision killed film director Kenneth Hawks, cinematographer Conrad Wells, and eight other crew of the Fox Film Corporation while the two airplanes were filming an action scene for the movie Such Men Are Dangerous.[2]
King Victor Emmanuel III granted amnesty to over 400,000 Italians covering various minor offenses. The act of leniency was a gift ahead of the wedding of Crown Prince UmbertotoMarie José of Belgium.[3]
A fire broke out in the United States Capitol in a storage room, which firefighters extinguished in about 45 minutes. Some paintings and documents were damaged by smoke and water but there was no structural damage of consequence.[6]
Contract negotiations began between Babe Ruth and the New York Yankees. Owner Jacob Ruppert offered $75,000 per year for two years, a raise of $5,000 per year over the previous three seasons. Ruth rejected the offer and demanded $85,000 annually for three years, but Ruppert refused and negotiations broke off.[19]
The Boston Bruins hockey team won their fourteenth straight game. This would stand as the record for the longest winning streak in NHL history until 1982 when the New York Islanders won fifteen straight.[21]
U.S. Senator Reed Smoot of Utah became the first public official to suggest that the Boulder Dam project be renamed to Hoover Dam in honor of U.S. President Herbert Hoover.[22]
Pope Pius XI issued a decree saying that education belonged first to the church, second to the family and third to the state. The pope condemned coed schools, explaining that "Nature ordained the two sexes for different functions in society, and, therefore, they require different education", and also warned that sex education would expose youth, "before the proper time, to opportunities for sin on the pretext of accustoming and hardening them against danger."[27]
Nazi paramilitary officer Horst Wessel was shot and fatally wounded by a German Communist in a raid on his apartment. He would die of his injuries on February 23 and become a martyr of the Nazi movement.[34]
The Moon made its closest approach to Earth in the 20th century (and the closest for the next 127 years) with perigee coming within 356,397 kilometres (221,455 mi) of Earth. The next time the moon comes this close to earth will be January 1, 2257, when its perigee is 356,371 kilometres (221,439 mi).[35]
Five communists died in clashes with police around Germany during demonstrations on the anniversary of the death of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht.[36]
The Moon moved into its nearest point to Earth, called the perigee, at the same time as the fullest phase of its cycle. It was the closest moon distance at 356,397 km (221,455 mi) in recent history, and will not be equalled until 2257.[37]
Work on legislation such as the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Bill wound up being suspended as lengthy speeches about the Volstead Act were made all day long in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate on the tenth anniversary of its coming into force.[38]
The Watsonville Riots broke out in Watsonville, California, United States as a series of attacks on Filipino American farm workers by White and Hispanic residents, starting with a fight outside a Filipino dance club. After the violence ended on January 23, legal restrictions on Filipino immigration would be enacted.
Maddux Air Lines Flight 7, a Ford Tri-Motor airliner en route from Mexico to Los Angeles crashed in Oceanside, California, when its left wing struck a hill while flying at low altitude due to bad weather conditions. All 16 passengers and crew were killed.[43]
The Five Power Naval Disarmament Conference opened in London, UK.[47] Great Britain, the United States, Japan, France and Italy sought to revise and extend the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922.[48]
Old imperial fortifications near KehlinGermany were blown up. Until recently they had been occupied by the French, but it was agreed at the second Hague conference that the French would evacuate the forts and the Germans would raze them afterward.[49]
Garbo
The drama film Anna Christie, starring Greta Garbo in the title role, premiered at the Criterion Theatre in Los Angeles. This film was Garbo's first speaking role and was marketed with the famous tagline, "Garbo Talks!"[50]
The government of Mexico announced it was breaking off diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. "The Mexican government has the full right to refuse to allow foreign elements to mix in its politics and to object to these foreigners making Mexico the theater of their machinations and intrigues against Mexicans, and we are determined to protect ourselves from them", Foreign Minister Genaro Estrada stated.[52]
Frick
Wilhelm Frick became the first Nazi to hold a cabinet post in Germany when he was appointed Minister of Internal Affairs and Public Education in Thuringia.[53]
A mock "Independence Day" was observed in India on the opening day of a civil disobedience campaign. British police were out in full force as rioting was expected, but apart from one incident in which communist mill workers disrupted a gathering in Mumbai the day was peaceful.[60][61]
Direct wireless service was inaugurated between Great Britain and Japan.[62]
Miguel Primo de Rivera, who had exercised dictatorial rule over Spain as Prime Minister since 1923, was forced to resign after losing the support of the Spanish Army or of King Alfonso XIII. With his health deteriorating and having alienated his supporters, Primo de Rivera handed in his resignation at 8:50 in the evening.[66] Going into exile in France, he died six weeks later from complications of diabetes.
Filipinos were banned from boxing in the US state of California as a precaution against race riots in the event of a controversial decision between a Filipino boxer and a white opponent.[69]
Communists and police exchanged gunfire in Hamburg when 3,000 marched through the streets agitating for a general strike. 76 communists were arrested in Berlin for plotting to stage a riot.[75]
^Bradley, Edwin M. (1996). The First Hollywood Musicals: A Critical Filmography of 171 Features, 1927 Through 1932. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 91. ISBN978-0-7864-2029-2.
^Bruggeman, Seth C. (2008). Here, George Washington Was Born: Memory, Material Culture, and the Public. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press. p. 110. ISBN978-0-8203-4272-6.
^"Spain Bounces its Dictator; Riots Follow". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1–2. January 29, 1930.
^U.S. patent 1,745,175Method and apparatus for controlling electric currents, first filed in Canada on October 22, 1925. Lee, Thomas H. (2004). The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (New ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 167ff. ISBN9780521835398.
^"Bar Filipino Boxers in Fear of Coast Riot". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1. January 30, 1930.
^Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, ed. (1977). Burke's Royal Families of the World. Burke's Peerage. p. 348.
^Allen, Jay (January 31, 1930). "Spain Gets New Cabinet After All Day Tussle". Chicago Daily Tribune: 10.
^"13 Killed, 6 badly Hurt in Blast at Turkish Mine". Chicago Daily Tribune: 3. February 1, 1930.
^United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (1959). NASA Technical Translation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. p. 225.
