| Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Libyan Judeo-Arabic Tripolitanian Judeo-Arabic Jewish Tripolitanian-Libyan Arabic Tripolita'it Yudi | |
| Native to | Israel, Italy |
Native speakers | (43,000 cited 1994–1994)[1] |
| |
| Hebrew alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | yud |
| Glottolog | jude1264 |
| ELP | Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic |
Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic (also known as Tripolitanian Judeo-Arabic, Jewish Tripolitanian-Libyan Arabic, Tripolita'it, Yudi) is a variety of Arabic spoken by Jews formerly living in Libya.
Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic differs from standard Libyan Arabic in that it closely resembles the original dialect of the sedentary population, whereas much of Libya's population now speaks Bedouin-influenced varieties of Arabic.[2] A reference grammar is available.[3]
The vast majority of Libyan Jews have relocated to Israel and have switched to using Hebrew in as their first language. Those in Italy typically use Italian as their first language.
Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic contains 31 consonant phonemes which are as follows:[4]
| Labials | Dental Plosives | Dental Affricative | Fricatives | Liquids | Plosives | Uvular Trills | Semi-Vowels |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b, ḅ, m, ṃ | t, d, ṭ, ḍ | Č | s, z, x, ṣ, ẓ, Š, ž, ġ, ḥ, ᶜ | l, n, Ḷ, ṅ | q, k, g | r, ṛ | w, y |
It also has 4 Vowels which are as follows:[5]
| Long Vowel | Short Vowel |
|---|---|
| a, i, u | ə |
In ca. 1994 there were 35,000 speakers of Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic, mostly in Israel (30,000) and Italy (5,000).[6] As of 2014, those in Israel are mostly over the age of 60 and are bilingual in Hebrew.[7]
There were 20,000 Jews living in Tripoli, Libya in 1948. About 14,000 migrated to Israel and Italy in 1948–1952, following two riots. After riots during the Six-Day Warin1967, most of the remaining 6,000 Jews emigrated; there were only a few dozen Jews living in Tripoli in 1970.[3]
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Rishi
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