Kunda
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Town
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From left to right, clockwise: A cement factory, apartment buildings, the ruins of an old cement factory, a pulp mill, a hydroelectric power plant
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  Kunda Location of Kunda in the Baltic Sea region Show map of Scandinavia Kunda Location in Estonia Show map of Estonia Kunda Location in Europe Show map of Europe | |
| Coordinates: 59°30′N 26°32′E / 59.500°N 26.533°E / 59.500; 26.533 | |
| Country | Estonia |
| County | Lääne-Viru County |
| Municipality | Viru-Nigula Parish |
| City status | May 1, 1938 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 9.85 km2 (3.80 sq mi) |
| Population
(2021)[1]
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| • Total | 2,865 |
| • Rank | 29th |
| • Density | 290/km2 (750/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Kunda is a town in the Viru-Nigula ParishofEstonia, located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Kunda is best known for its cement factory, port, and archaeological heritage.[2]
Evidence of some of the oldest prehistoric communities in Estonia—hunting, and fishing communities that existed around 6500 BC—were found near Kunda. This settlement gave the name to the Kunda culture.
The first written record of Kunda dates back to 1241, when it was mentioned as a village. In 1443 it was mentioned as a manor.[3]
Kunda was granted official borough rights on May 1, 1938.
| Ethnicity | 1922[4] | 1934[5] | 1941[6] | 1959[7] | 1970[8] | 1979[9] | 1989[9] | 2000[10] | 2011[11] | 2021[12] | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | |
| Estonians | 2102 | 91.0 | 1728 | 92.8 | 1433 | 97.5 | 2768 | 73.3 | 3400 | 65.1 | 2945 | 61.0 | 2513 | 49.9 | 2283 | 58.6 | 2176 | 63.6 | 2043 | 68.2 |
| Russians | 97 | 4.20 | 77 | 4.13 | 25 | 1.70 | - | - | 1442 | 27.6 | 1468 | 30.4 | 2037 | 40.4 | 1278 | 32.8 | 1041 | 30.4 | 802 | 26.8 |
| Ukrainians | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | 118 | 2.26 | 134 | 2.78 | 166 | 3.30 | - | - | 82 | 2.40 | 55 | 1.84 |
| Belarusians | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 95 | 1.82 | 92 | 1.91 | 83 | 1.65 | - | - | 34 | 0.99 | 26 | 0.87 |
| Finns | - | - | 9 | 0.48 | 2 | 0.14 | - | - | 102 | 1.95 | 106 | 2.20 | 104 | 2.06 | - | - | 37 | 1.08 | 26 | 0.87 |
| Jews | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | 3 | 0.06 | 2 | 0.04 | 2 | 0.04 | - | - | 2 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Latvians | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.07 | - | - | 2 | 0.04 | 11 | 0.23 | 4 | 0.08 | - | - | 5 | 0.15 | 5 | 0.17 |
| Germans | 73 | 3.16 | 33 | 1.77 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 0.08 | 7 | 0.14 | - | - | 7 | 0.20 | 3 | 0.10 |
| Tatars | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10 | 0.21 | 13 | 0.26 | - | - | 1 | 0.03 | 3 | 0.10 |
| Poles | - | - | 1 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | 14 | 0.29 | 13 | 0.26 | - | - | 6 | 0.18 | 5 | 0.17 |
| Lithuanians | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | 8 | 0.15 | 7 | 0.14 | 14 | 0.28 | - | - | 11 | 0.32 | 7 | 0.23 |
| unknown | 1 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.20 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.31 | 1 | 0.03 | 3 | 0.10 |
| other | 37 | 1.60 | 15 | 0.81 | 5 | 0.34 | 1008 | 26.7 | 56 | 1.07 | 35 | 0.72 | 81 | 1.61 | 326 | 8.36 | 19 | 0.56 | 21 | 0.70 |
| Total | 2310 | 100 | 1863 | 100 | 1469 | 100 | 3776 | 100 | 5226 | 100 | 4828 | 100 | 5037 | 100 | 3899 | 100 | 3422 | 100 | 2997 | 100.08 |
The former municipality of Kunda was twinned with:
| Climate data for Kunda, Estonia (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1849–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.8 (60.4) |
27.6 (81.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.9 (93.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
21.2 (70.2) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.8 (53.2) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1 (30) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
8.8 (47.8) |
14.7 (58.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
9.5 (49.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
0.9 (33.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
4.4 (39.9) |
9.8 (49.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−4 (25) |
0.8 (33.4) |
5.3 (41.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.2 (55.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
2.9 (37.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −33.1 (−27.6) |
−34.9 (−30.8) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
−19 (−2) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
2.9 (37.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−19.7 (−3.5) |
−34.9 (−30.8) |
−34.9 (−30.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 38 (1.5) |
29 (1.1) |
27 (1.1) |
29 (1.1) |
41 (1.6) |
68 (2.7) |
61 (2.4) |
76 (3.0) |
54 (2.1) |
61 (2.4) |
52 (2.0) |
38 (1.5) |
573 (22.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 105 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 87 | 85 | 80 | 75 | 72 | 76 | 78 | 80 | 81 | 83 | 86 | 86 | 81 |
| Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days, 1971–2000)[14][15][16][17][18] | |||||||||||||
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Jaanilinn (Ivangorod) and Petseri (Pechory) were annexed by the Soviet Union in 1945 and are currently part of Russia. | ||
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| Small borough |
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| Villages |
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Authority control databases: Geographic  |
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