J u m p t o c o n t e n t
M a i n m e n u
M a i n m e n u
N a v i g a t i o n
● M a i n p a g e ● C o n t e n t s ● C u r r e n t e v e n t s ● R a n d o m a r t i c l e ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● C o n t a c t u s ● D o n a t e
C o n t r i b u t e
● H e l p ● L e a r n t o e d i t ● C o m m u n i t y p o r t a l ● R e c e n t c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e
S e a r c h
Search
A p p e a r a n c e
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P e r s o n a l t o o l s
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e ● C o n t r i b u t i o n s ● T a l k
( T o p )
1 L i s t o f l a n d e r s a n d v e h i c l e s
2 O t h e r o b j e c t s
3 G a l l e r y
T o g g l e G a l l e r y s u b s e c t i o n
3 . 1 F r o m s u r f a c e
3 . 2 F r o m o r b i t
4 L a n d i n g s i t e n a m i n g s a n d m e m o r i a l s
5 S e e a l s o
6 R e f e r e n c e s
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
L i s t o f a r t i f i c i a l o b j e c t s o n M a r s
1 7 l a n g u a g e s
● ব া ং ল া ● Б ъ л г а р с к и ● C a t a l à ● D e u t s c h ● E s p a ñ o l ● F r a n ç a i s ● 한 국 어 ● I t a l i a n o ● Қ а з а қ ш а ● 日 本 語 ● P o l s k i ● P o r t u g u ê s ● R o m â n ă ● Р у с с к и й ● S l o v e n š č i n a ● У к р а ї н с ь к а ● 中 文
E d i t l i n k s
● A r t i c l e ● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e ● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e ● S p e c i a l p a g e s ● P e r m a n e n t l i n k ● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n ● C i t e t h i s p a g e ● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L ● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e ● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F ● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
The following table is a partial list of artificial objects on the surface of Mars , consisting of spacecraft which were launched from Earth. Although most are defunct after having served their purpose, the Curiosity Perseverance Tianwen-1 spacecraft is the most recent artificial object to land safely on Mars.
The table does not include smaller objects, such as springs, fragments, parachutes and heat shields . As of February 2021[update]
Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars , overlaid with the position of Martian rovers and landers . Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations of Martian surface.
Clickable image: Clicking on the labels will open a new article.
( Active Inactive Planned)
(See also: Mars map ; Mars Memorials list )
Beagle 2
Curiosity
Deep Space 2
InSight
Mars 2
Mars 3
Mars 6
Mars Polar Lander ↓
Opportunity
Perseverance
Phoenix
Rosalind Franklin
Schiaparelli EDM
Sojourner
Spirit
Zhurong
Viking 1
Viking 2
List of landers and vehicles [ edit ]
Key
Success
Operational
Failure
Year
Agency
Mission
Object(s )
Image
Masskg )
Status
Location
1971
USSR
Mars 2
Mars 2 lander and PrOP-M rover
1210
Failure during descent; crashed on surface
Estimated at 45°S 313°W / 45°S 313°W / -45; -313 (Mars 2 ) [1]
1971
USSR
Mars 3
Mars 3 lander and PrOP-M rover
1210
Transmission failure 110 seconds after soft landing
Estimated at Sirenum Terra
45°S 158°W / 45°S 158°W / -45; -158 (Mars 3 ) [2]
1973
USSR
Mars 6
Mars 6 lander
635
Returned corrupted data for 224 seconds during its descent but contact lost before reaching surface[3]
Estimated at Margaritifer Terra
23°54′S 19°25′W / 23.90°S 19.42°W / -23.90; -19.42 (Mars 6 ) [3]
1976
NASA
Viking 1
Viking 1 657
Operated 2245 sols . Last contact Nov 11, 1982
Chryse Planitia
22°41′49 ″N 48°13′19 ″W / 22.697°N 48.222°W / 22.697; -48.222 (Viking 1 ) [4]
1976
NASA
Viking 2
Viking 2 657
Operated 1281 sols. Last contact Apr 11, 1980
Utopia Planitia
48°16′08 ″N 225°59′24 ″W / 48.269°N 225.990°W / 48.269; -225.990 (Viking 2 ) [5]
1997
NASA
Mars Pathfinder
Pathfinder 360
Operated 83 sols. Last contact Sep 27, 1997[6]
Ares Vallis
19°20′N 33°33′W / 19.33°N 33.55°W / 19.33; -33.55 (Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner ) [7] [8]
Sojourner 11.5
1999
NASA
Mars Surveyor '98
Mars Polar Lander
Deep Space 2
500
Unknown failure during descent; crashed on surface
Estimated at Ultimi Scopuli
76°S 195°W / 76°S 195°W / -76; -195 (Mars Polar Lander and Deep Space 2 )
2003
ESA
(UK
Mars Express
Beagle 2 33.2
Landed safely; solar panels failed to deploy
Isidis Planitia
11°31′35 ″N 90°25′46 ″E / 11.5265°N 90.4295°E / 11.5265; 90.4295 (Beagle 2 landing site )
2004
NASA
Mars Exploration Rover
Spirit 185
Operated 2210 sols. Last contact Mar 22, 2010
Gusev crater
14°34′18 ″S 175°28′43 ″E / 14.5718°S 175.4785°E / -14.5718; 175.4785 (Spirit rover )
Opportunity 185
Operated 5111 sols. Last contact June 10, 2018
Meridiani Planum
1°56′46 ″S 354°28′24 ″E / 1.9462°S 354.4734°E / -1.9462; 354.4734 (Opportunity rover )
2008
NASA
Phoenix Mars Lander
Phoenix 350
Operated 155 sols. Last contact Nov 2, 2008
Green Valley in Vastitas Borealis
68°13′N 125°42′W / 68.22°N 125.7°W / 68.22; -125.7 (Phoenix )
2012
NASA
Mars Science Laboratory
Curiosity 900
In operation, 4230 sols
Aeolis Palus in Gale Crater
4°35′22 ″S 137°26′30 ″E / 4.5895°S 137.4417°E / -4.5895; 137.4417
2016
ESA
Roscosmos
ExoMars 2016
Schiaparelli EDM577
Crashed on impact; transmitted descent telemetry
Meridiani Planum
2°03′S 6°13′W / 2.05°S 6.21°W / -2.05; -6.21 (Schiaparelli EDM lander crash site )
2018
NASA
InSight
InSight 358
Reached end of designed lifespan after landing on 19 Dec, 2022.
Elysium Planitia
4°30′09 ″N 135°37′24 ″E / 4.5024°N 135.6234°E / 4.5024; 135.6234 (InSight landing site
2021
NASA
Mars 2020
Perseverance 1024
In operation, 1195 sols
Jezero crater
18°26′45 ″N 77°27′03 ″E / 18.4457°N 77.4508°E / 18.4457; 77.4508 (Perseverance landing site
Ingenuity 1.8
Operated 1195 sols.[9]
Wright Brothers Field
18°26′45 ″N 77°27′03 ″E / 18.4457°N 77.4508°E / 18.4457; 77.4508 (Ingenuity drop site
2021
CNSA
Tianwen-1
Tianwen-1 (lander)
1285[citation needed
Reached end of designed lifespan after landing on 14 May, 2021.
Utopia Planitia
25°06′N 109°54′E / 25.1°N 109.9°E / 25.1; 109.9 (Zhurong landing site
Zhurong 240
Inactive due to sandstorm. Operated for 361 sols.[10]
Tianwen-1 Remote camera
<1
Reached end of designed lifespan after mission completion on 1 June, 2021.
Other objects [ edit ]
An example of an additional object from a spacecraft landing is the metal shroud ejected by the Viking 2 [11]
Each mission left debris according to its design. For example, the Schiaparelli EDM lander likely exploded on impact, creating an unknown number of fragments at one location. At another location, there may be a lower heat shield, and at another location, a parachute and upper heat shield. Another example is the counterweights ejected by MSL during its descent. In some cases, the nature and location of this additional debris has been determined and, in other cases, even the location of the main spacecraft has remained unknown. The identification of Beagle 2 after 11 years is one of the greatest breakthroughs yet, since prior to that, it could not be confirmed what had happened.[12] Mars 2 , Mars 3 , Mars 6 , Mars Polar Lander, and the two Deep Space 2 probes.
Orbiters whose orbit could eventually decay and impact the surface, include: Viking 1 Viking 2 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 2001 Mars Odyssey Mars Express Mars Global Surveyor Phobos 2 , Mars 2 , Mars 3 , and Mars 5 orbiters, and Mariner 9 . (See also List of Mars orbiters )
The fate of Mars Climate Orbiter
Mariner 9 , which entered Mars orbit in 1971, is expected to remain in orbit until approximately 2022, when the spacecraft is projected to enter the Martian atmosphere and either burn up or crash into the planet's surface.[13]
Gallery [ edit ]
From surface [ edit ]
MER-A Spirit rover lander
MER-B Opportunity ' s heat shield
MSL Curiosity self-portrait, 2016
From orbit [ edit ]
Viking 1 lander in 2006 (HiRise)
Viking 2 lander in 2006 (HiRise)
Phoenix lander and heat-shield in 2009 (HiRise)
Mars Pathfinder seen from space by the
MRO HiRISE
MER-B Opportunity lander in Eagle crater (2006)
Beagle 2 , after 11 years found and showing that it made it to the surface but did not expand fully to transmit
Curiosity landing remnants
Schiaparelli remnants (2016)
Landing site namings and memorials [ edit ]
Several landing sites have been named, either the spacecraft itself or the landing site:
Pennants of Soviet Union on Mars 2 and Mars 3 landers (1971).[14]
Thomas Mutch Memorial Station , the Viking 1 [15]
Gerald Soffen Memorial Station , the Viking 2 [16]
Carl Sagan Memorial Station , Mars Pathfinder (Sojourner [17]
Challenger Memorial StationMER-B (Opportunity [18]
Columbia Memorial StationMER-A (Spirit [19]
Green Valley , the Phoenix
Bradbury Landing , Curiosity rover[20] Curiosity (rover)
InSight Landing , the InSight
Octavia E. Butler Landing , Perseverance roverIngenuity helicopter
Wright Brothers Field , the initial take-off and landing site for the Ingenuity helicopter, used for five flights (April, May, 2021)
Three Forks Sample Depot , backup sample Depot of Perseverance cached samples for return to Earth by NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return Mission (2022)
( Named Debris Lost
← Beagle 2
Bradbury Landing →
Deep Space 2 ? →
InSight Landing →
Mars 2 ? →
← Mars 3 Landing
Mars 6 ? →
Polar Lander ? ↓
↑ Challenger Memorial Station
↓Octavia E. Butler Landing
↓Valinor Hills Station
↓Wright Brothers Field
Three Forks Sample Depot →
← Green Valley
Schiaparelli EDM
↓Carl Sagan Memorial Station
Columbia Memorial Station
Thomas Mutch Memorial Station →
Gerald Soffen Memorial Station →
Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars , overlaid with the position of Martian rovers and landers . Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations of Martian surface.
Clickable image: Clicking on the labels will open a new article.
( Active Inactive Planned)
(See also: Mars map ; Mars Memorials list )
Beagle 2
Curiosity
Deep Space 2
InSight
Mars 2
Mars 3
Mars 6
Mars Polar Lander ↓
Opportunity
Perseverance
Phoenix
Rosalind Franklin
Schiaparelli EDM
Sojourner
Spirit
Zhurong
Viking 1
Viking 2
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Mars 3" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ a b "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Mars 6" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Viking 1 lander" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Viking 2 lander" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ "Mars Pathfinder" . Retrieved 2011-12-07 .
^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Mars Pathfinder" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Mars Pathfinder Rover" . Retrieved 2010-12-24 .
^ "After Three Years on Mars, NASA's Ingenuity Helicopter Mission Ends" . Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 26 January 2024 .
^ Cheung, Rachel (13 March 2023). "China's Mars Rover Has Not Moved Since September, NASA Images Revealed" . Vice News .
^ Mars - Viking 2 Lander
^ "Beagle 2 spacecraft found intact on surface of Mars after 11 years" . The Guardian Archived from the original on 2023-04-14.
^ NASA - This Month in NASA History: Mariner 9 , November 29, 2011 – Vol. 4, Issue 9
^ Soviet Craft - Mars (1960–1974) Archived 2013-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
^ NSSDC - Viking 1 lander
^ NSSDC - Viking 2 lander
^ NSSDC - Mars Pathfinder
^ NASA - Space Shuttle Challenger Crew Memorialized on Mars
^ NASA - Space Shuttle Columbia Crew Memorialized on Mars
^ "Curiosity Landing Site Named for Ray Bradbury" . NASA. August 22, 2012. Retrieved August 24, 2012 .
t
e
Exploration of
Artificial objects
Lists
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_artificial_objects_on_Mars&oldid=1227221393 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● M i s s i o n s t o M a r s ● S u r f a c e f e a t u r e s o f M a r s ● S p a c e c r a f t b y d i s p o s i t i o n ● L i s t s o f a r t i f i c i a l o b j e c t s s e n t i n t o s p a c e H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g p o t e n t i a l l y d a t e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 1 ● A l l a r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g p o t e n t i a l l y d a t e d s t a t e m e n t s ● P a g e s u s i n g g a d g e t W i k i M i n i A t l a s ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m M a y 2 0 2 1 ● L i s t s o f c o o r d i n a t e s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 4 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 3 : 5 2 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
Clickable image: Clicking on the labels will open a new article.
