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[edit]In August 1945, Lyuh organized a meeting with the representatives of "the Committee for Preparation of Korean Independence" who came from all over the country.
Lyuh was born in 1886 in Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi Province, Joseon. He was born into the Hamyang Yeo clan to father Yŏ Chŏng-hyŏn (여정현; 呂鼎鉉). At around age 14, he married Yu Se-yŏng (유세영; 柳世永), but she died, and he remarried to Jin Sang-ha (진상하; 陳相夏).[2]
In 1900, Lyuh enrolled in the Western-style Pai Chai School. Soon afterwards, he switched to studying at the Hŭnghwa School [ko] and Umu School (우무학당; 郵務學堂).[2] In 1907, he became involved in the National Debt Repayment Movement, part of the Korean independence movement. Also around this time, he became a Protestant Christian and became associated with the American missionary Charles Allen Clark. Through his relationship with Clark and Christianity, he became active in intellectual circles in Korea of the time.[2]
In 1914, Lyuh went to China where he studied English literature at a university in Nanjing.[citation needed] In 1917, he moved to Shanghai.[2] While in China, he became significantly involved in the Korean independence movement. In 1918, he established what eventually became the Shanghai Korean People's Association [ko].[2] That year, he also led the New Korean Youth League [ko].[2]
In April 1919, Lyuh became one of the founders of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.[2] He would serve in a variety of roles in the government, such as being a member of the organization's Legislative Assembly [ko]. He also established a Korean school called Insŏng School [ko] in Shanghai around this time. That year, he also visited Japan and met with several high-ranking Japanese politicians, during which he advocated for Korea's independence.[2]
In 1932, he was released from prison.[2] In 1933, he became the head of the Chŏson Chungang Ilbo [ko] newspaper. In 1934, he became head of the Joseon Sports Council.[2] In 1936, he was forced by Japanese authorities to step down from his position at the newspaper, after involved he became involved in the Sohn Kee-chung uniform scandal. During this scandal, Korean newspapers erased the Japanese flag off of images of Sohn, the first ethnic Korean to win an Olympic gold medal.[2] In 1942, he was arrested on charges of violating the Peace Preservation Law and sentenced to a year in prison and three years of probation.[2]
In 1944, in anticipation of Japan's defeat in World War II, Lyuh organized the secret Korean National Establishment Committee [ko] and served as its chairman. The organization expanded across Korea and allied itself with other Korean nationalist organizations.[2]
Just before the surrender of Japan in August 1945, Japanese official Endo Ryusaku established contact with Lyuh and agreed on the release of prisoners and the Japanese withdrawal from Korea.[5] On the 17 August, Lyuh established the Committee for Preparation of Korean Independence which created over 140 subsections in North and South Korea by the end of August.[5]
On 6 September 1945, Lyuh proclaimed the People's Republic of Korea[6] with Lyuh as Chairman of the National People's Representative Conference.[7] When the United States landed on the Korean Peninsula two days later,[8] General Hodge did not recognize the government of the People's Republic of Korea that Lyuh Woon Hyung established. In October, he stepped down under pressure from the United States Military Government, and organized the People's Party of Korea, becoming its chairman. For the following months of the anti-trusteeship movement and other political changes, Lyuh took a line of action in concert with the communists.[9]
On 19 July 1947, Lyuh was assassinated in Seoul by a 19-year-old man named Han Chi-geun, who fled from North Korea and was an active member of the right-wing terrorist group the White Shirts Society. Lyuh's death was widely mourned.[citation needed]
1910 – Became a teacher of Chodang Uisuk (초당의숙) of Gangneung.
1911 – Had been fired from school because of rejecting Japanese era name. Entered to Pyongyang seminarium and studied to 2 years
1914 – Entered the English literature course of Jinling University (金陵大学) in Nanjing, studied 3 years.
1917 – Got a job of travel Agent at Xiehe bookstore (協和書局) in Shanghai and helped Koreans in passage procedure. Met Sun Yat-sen. In summer, returned to Korea in private. Fled to China with Lee Beom-seok.
1918 – Founded New Korea Youth Party in Shanghai and had been appointed to the leader.
1920 – Joined the Koryǒ Communist Party in Shanghai and became a translation committee member and propaganda agent.
1921 – Established "Korea-China Cooperated company" (Hanjung hojosa, 韓中互助社, 한중호조사) in Shanghai.
January 1922 – Participated in "Conference for Oppressed people of the Far East" (遠東被壓迫民族大會, 원동피압박민족대회) in Moscow. Met Vladimir Lenin and discussed about anti-imperialism movement in Korea. in October, Organized "Hanguk Nobyunghoe" (韓國勞兵會, 한국노병회) with Kim Ku, Son jung-do etc.
July 1929 – Became coach of the soccer team of Fudan University and went to the Southeast Asia for educational travel with players. While in travel he made a speech of Anti-Imperialism at the Philippines, Singapore etc. Arrested by Japanese police in Shanghai and taken to Korea. Had been sentenced to imprisonment for 3 years.
November 1932 – Had been released on parole from the prison of Daejeon.
February 1933 – Became the president of the Chungang Daily News (Chosun JungAng Ilbo, 조선중앙일보).
1934 – Became chairman of the "Korea Sports Council" (조선체육회).
1935 – Set up the gravestone in Yi Sun-sin graveyard of Asan.
1940 – Gone off to Tokyo and led and inspire Korean students in Japan. Met Fumimaro Konoe, Shūmei Ōkawa.
December 1942 – Arrested by Military police for violation of "Peace Preservation Law" (治安維持法)
1943 – Got released from prison with three years of probation. while retired from active life, he made contact with comrade and led the young people.
10 August 1944 – Formed Korean Restoration Brotherhood Secretly in Sam-gwang Oriental Medical Clinic (삼광한의원) in Seoul and expanded it on a nationwide scale. Rejected the suggestion to go to China of Endo Ryusaku (遠藤柳作), the vice-minister of the post of Governor-General of Korea (朝鮮総督府政務総監). Formed the "Farmers' Brotherhood"(농민동맹) at the Yongmun Mountain in Yangpyeong.
15 August 1945 – Met Endo and had been transferred authority of administration and public order from Endo.
