Module:Cite taxon

require('strict')

local p = {}
local data = {}         
local templateArgs = {}  -- contains arguments passed to cite web
local target = {}        -- short cut to target table, e.g. fishbase, cof, etc

local function firstToUpper(str)
    return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper))
end
-- define citation template and custom parameters for various sources

--####################### Default functions ##########################
data.default = {}
-- currently being tested on Avibase, but Fossilworks, Tropicos, FNA and a few others are candidates
data.default.id = function (id, source)
 local title = id
 local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. (source.customArgs['searchStr'] or "") .. id
 return title, url
end
data.default.error = function()
 return "Minimal requirement is two of id, url and title parameters"
end
data.default.search = function (search, source)
 local title = "Search for " .. search
 local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. source.customArgs['searchString'] .. search .. source.customArgs['searchSuffix'] 
 return title, url
end

--[[ handling for ID only (unused, original concept) 
p.genericIdCitation = function(frame, title, url)

    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
 
    templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    
    return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url)
end]]
--####################### FISH #####################################
--======================== Fishbase =================================
data.fishbase = {
 citationArgs = {
 ['editor1-last']="Froese",  ['editor1-first']="Rainer", ['editor1-link']="Rainer Froese",
 ['editor2-last']="Pauly",  ['editor2-first']="Daniel",   
 --['last-author-amp'] ="yes",
    ['website'] = "[[Fishbase]]",
 --['publisher'] = ""
 },
 customArgs = { exclude= "order, family,genus, species, subspecies, 1, 2, 3, 4",
                baseURL = "http://www.fishbase.org/",
                defaultTitle = "Search FishBase"
 },
}
data.fishbase.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)

  local title = genus .. " " .. species
  local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] 
              .. "summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=" .. genus .. "&speciesname=" .. species
  if subspecies then 
   url = url .. "+" .. subspecies
   title = title .. " " .. subspecies
  end               
  title =  "''" .. title  .. "''"
  return title, url
end
data.fishbase.genus = function(genus)
  local title = "Species in genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''"
  local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=" .. genus   
  return title, url
end
data.fishbase.order = function(order) 
  local title =  "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
  local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "Summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=" .. order
  return title, url
end
data.fishbase.family = function(family) 
  local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family)
  local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "Summary/FamilySummary.php?family=" .. family
  return title, url
end
data.fishbase.error = function()   
 return "No recognised taxon options: order, family, genus, species, subspecies."
end
data.fishbase.custom = function()    
    --TODO decide what to do with default date
    local version = "April 2006 version"  -- Should we have a default (probably not)
    if templateArgs['month'] then version = templateArgs['month'] end
    if templateArgs['year'] then version = templateArgs['year'] .. " version" end
    if templateArgs['month'] then version = templateArgs['month'] .. " " .. version end
    templateArgs['version'] = version
end
--================================ Catalog of Fishes ================================================
data.cof = {
 citationArgs = {
  --baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?",
  ['editor1-last']="Eschmeyer",  ['editor1-first']="William N.", ['editor1-link']="William N. Eschmeyer",
  ['editor2-last']="Fricke",  ['editor2-first']="Ron",   
  ['editor3-last']="van der Laan",  ['editor3-first']="Richard", 
  ['name-list-style'] ="amp",
     ['website'] = "[[Catalog of Fishes]]",
  ['publisher'] = "[[California Academy of Sciences]]"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude= "family,genus,species,genid,spid,id,list,1,2,3",
                baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?",
                defaultTitle = "CAS - Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes"
 }
}
data.cof.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)
  local taxon = genus .. " " .. species
     local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus .. '&species=' .. species
     local title = "Species related to " .. "''" .. firstToUpper(taxon) .. "''"        -- .. "" species synonyms"
     return title, url
end
data.cof.genus  = function(genus)
     local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus
     local title = "Species in the genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''" 
     return title, url
end
       -- note the family works with subfamilies using &family=SUBFAMILY
data.cof.family  = function(family)
     local list = templateArgs['list'] or "genus"
     local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=' .. list .. '&family=' .. family
        local title = "Species"
        if list == "genus" then  title = "Genera" end 
        title = title .. ' in the family ' .. firstToUpper(family)  
        return title, url
end
data.cof.genid = function(genid)
        local searchStr =  "genid" .. '=' .. genid
        local title =  searchStr
        local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
        return title, url
end
data.cof.spid = function(spid)
        local searchStr =  "spid" .. '=' .. spid
        local title =  searchStr
        local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
        return title, url
end
data.cof.error = function()
     return "Error. No recognised option set by template (need one of family, genus, species (also requires genus), spid, or genid"
end
--======================Fishes of the World 5=============================== 
data.fotw5 = {
 citeTemplate = "Cite book",
 citationArgs = {
     --['website'] = "[[]]",
  first1 = "Joseph S.", last1 = "Nelson",
  first2="Terry C.", last2="Grande",
  first3="Mark V. H.", last3="Wilson", 
  --work = "Fishes of the World (work)",
  title = "Fishes of the World", edition="5th", year = 2016,
  publisher ="John Wiley and Sons", location="Hoboken",
  isbn = "978-1-118-34233-6", doi="10.1002/9781119174844" ,
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1",
               baseURL = "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119174844", -- online library
               defaultTitle = "Fishes of the World",
               altTitle = "[[Fishes of the World]]",               -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title
               altURL = "https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/",  -- classification
 },
 GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=",
              id = "E-MLDAAAQBAJ",
              defaultPage = "&pg=PP1"
 }
}
data.fotw5.default2 = function(targs)
     local title = data.fotw5.citationArgs['work']
     local url = data.fotw5.customArgs['baseURL']
     local chapterParams =  { title      = title,
                          ['chapter-url']= data.fotw5.customArgs['googleBooks']
     }
     --return title, url, chapterParams
end


data.BentonVP4 = {
 citeTemplate = "Cite book",
 citationArgs = {
  first1 = "Michael J.", last1 = "Benton",
  title = "Vertebrate Palaeontology", edition="4th", year = 2014,
  publisher ="John Wiley & Sons", 
  isbn = "978-1-118-40764-6", 
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1",
               --baseURL = "",
               defaultTitle = "Vertebrate Palaeontology",
               altTitle = "[[Vertebrate Palaeontology]]"  -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title
 },
 GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=",
              id = "qak-BAAAQBAJ",
              defaultPage = "&pg=PP1",
 }
}


--====================TODO FishWisePro================================================== 
data.fishwisepro = {
 citationArgs = {
     ['website'] = "[[FishWisePro]]",

 },
 customArgs = {exclude="family,genus,species,1",
               baseURL = ""
 }
}

-- #################### AMPHIBIA and REPTILES ###############################
-- ================= Amphibian Species of the World (ASW6)
--[[Recommended citation: Frost, Darrel R. 2019. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (Date of access). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
    URL for family page: http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae
           baseURL      = http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/
           suffix       = Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae
           note: needs the whole hierarchy (except the superfamily which is optional)
    Template for main taxonomic listing: {{BioRef|ASW6 |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html |access-date=27 September 2019}}
    SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id=
           searchSuffix = amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id=
    SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country=
           searchSuffix = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country=
           minimul      = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree
    ]]
data.ASW6 ={
 citationArgs = {
  website  ="Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference.",
  version  = "Version 6.0",
  publisher = "American Museum of Natural History, New York",
  ['last1']="Frost",  ['first1']="Darrel R.", ['author1-link']="Darrel R. Frost",
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family, superfamily,1,2,3",
                baseURL = "http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/",
                defaultSuffix = "index.html",
                defaultTitle = "ASW Home"  
 }
}

data.ASW6.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)

  -- search for genus+species  ()
     local title = "Search for taxon: " .. "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
 
    --local search = ""?action=names&taxon="" -- old version (pre ASW6)
    --local search =  "amphib/basic_search?basic_query="  -- basic search
   local search = "content/search?taxon="              -- guided search for taxon name
    
  local url = data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. search  -- .. genus .. '+AND+' .. species
                .. '"' .. genus .. '+' .. species .. '"'
  return title, url
end
data.ASW6.genus = function(genus)
 return data.ASW6.taxon(genus)  -- use genus as alias of taxon
end
data.ASW6.taxon = function(taxon)  
     local title = "Search for Taxon: " .. taxon
     local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "content/search?taxon=" .. taxon
     return title, url
end
data.ASW6.family = function(family) 
  local order = data.ASW6.checkOrder(family)
  local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Amphibia/" .. order .. "/" .. firstToUpper(family)
  local title = firstToUpper(family) 
  return title, url
end
data.ASW6.checkOrder = function(family)

 local gymnophiona={ "Caeciliidae", "Chikilidae", "Dermophiidae", "Herpelidae", "Ichthyophiidae", "Grandisoniidae", "Indotyphlidae", "Rhinatrematidae", "Scolecomorphidae", "Siphonopidae", "Typhlonectidae" }
    local caudata = { "Ambystomatidae", "Amphiumidae", "Cryptobranchidae", "Hynobiidae", "Plethodontidae", "Proteidae", "Rhyacotritonidae", "Salamandridae", "Sirenidae" }
   
    for k,v in pairs(caudata) do
     if v == family then return "Caudata" end
    end
    for k,v in pairs(gymnophiona) do
     if v == family then return "Gymnophiona" end
    end
    
    return "Anura"
end   

--============================= AmphibiaWeb ===================================
--[[   Citation: AmphibiaWeb. 2019. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 27 Sep 2019.
       Code:     {{BioRef|amphibiaweb |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html |access-date=27 September 2019}}
--]]
data.amphibiaweb = {
 citationArgs = {
  website  = "AmphibiaWeb",
  publisher = "University of California, Berkeley",
  --['editor1-last']="",  ['editor1-first']="", ['editor1-link']="",
 },
    customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3",
                baseURL = "https://amphibiaweb.org/",
                defaultSuffix = "taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html",
                defaultTitle = "AmphibiaWeb Family Taxonomy"
 }
}
data.amphibiaweb.species = function (genus, species, subspecies)
  local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
    --https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi
  local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus="
                       .. genus .. "&rel-species=equals&where-species=" .. species
  return title, url
end
data.amphibiaweb.genus = function (genus)
  local title = "''" .. genus ..  "''"
    --https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi
  local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus=" 
                    .. genus .. "&include_synonymies=Yes&show_photos=Yes"
  return title, url
end 
data.amphibiaweb.family = function (family)  -- if family use standardised url
   local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "lists/" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['family']) .. ".shtml"
   local title = templateArgs['family']
   return title, url
end
 


--=========================== The Reptile Database
data.reptileDB = {
 -- http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Epacrophis&species=boulengeri
 -- recommended citation: Uetz, P., Freed, P. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2019) The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed [insert date here]
 citationArgs = {
  --website="reptile-database.org",
  website="[[The Reptile Database]]",
  ['editor1-last']="Uetz",  ['editor1-first']="P.", --['editor1-link']="Peter Uetz",
  ['editor2-last']="Freed",  ['editor2-first']="P.", 
  ['editor3-last']="Hošek",  ['editor3-first']="J.", 
  --year=2019
  
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3",
                baseURL = "http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/"
 }
}

data.reptileDB.species = function(genus, species)
     local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
     --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Loxocemus&species=bicolor
  local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species?genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species
  return  title, url
end
data.reptileDB.genus = function(genus)
     local title = "''" .. genus .. "''" 
     --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Malayopython&submit=Search
     local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?genus=" .. genus .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search"
  return  title, url
end
data.reptileDB.family = function(family)
       return data.reptileDB.taxon(family)
end
data.reptileDB.order = function(order)
       return data.reptileDB.taxon(order)
end
data.reptileDB.taxon = function(taxon)
     local title = taxon
  --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?taxon=Viperidae&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=Search
  local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?taxon=" .. taxon .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search"
  return  title, url
end
 

   

--################################### BIRDS ########################################
--====================Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (HBW Alive)==============
data.HBWalive = {         
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Handbook of the Birds of the World|Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive]]", 
  publisher="Lynx Edicions"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.hbw.com/",
                defaultSuffix = "family/home",
                defaultTitle = "Family | HBW Alive"
                
 }
}
--############################## HBW ALIVE #########################################
   -- family and species entries have mix of common name and taxon name so cannot be prempted; 
   -- must use title + url (which uses default functions in this module)
data.HBWalive.order = function(order)
     local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
     --https://www.hbw.com/order/struthioniformes
     local url = target.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "order/" .. order
     return title, url
end
 

--[[======================IOC World Bird List==========================
         Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v9.2). doi :  10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2.
         Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen  (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi :  10.14344/IOC.ML.10.1.
]]
data.IOC = {         
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[IOC World Bird List]]", 
 -- version="Version 9.2",                               -- shouldn't default; should be hardcode so it doesn't change
  ['editor1-last']="Gill",  ['editor1-first']="F.",  ['editor1-link']="Frank Gill (ornithologist)",
  ['editor2-last']="Donsker",  ['editor2-first']="D.",
  ['editor3-last']="Rasmussen",  ['editor3-first']="P.",  -- TODO only show from version 10.1 onwards
 -- doi = "10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2",                          -- this changes by version number and is not a useful part of the cictation
  publisher="International Ornithological Congress"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.worldbirdnames.org/",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "IOC World Bird List: Welcome"
                
 },
}
data.IOC.version = function()
 local version =  templateArgs['version'] 
 local old = false
 if version then
  version = string.gsub( version, "[Vv]ersion ", "")
      local versionNumber = tonumber(version)
     if versionNumber < 10.1 then
      old = true
  end
 else
  local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
  if Date(templateArgs['access-date']) < Date('1 January 2020') then
   old = true
  end
 end
 
 if old then
      data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-last'] = nil
      data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-first'] = nil
 end
end
data.IOC.order = function(order) 
     data.IOC.version()
        local IOCorders = {Struthioniformes='ratites',Rheiformes='ratites',Apterygiformes='ratites',Casuariiformes='ratites',Tinamiformes='ratites',Galliformes='megapodes',Anseriformes='waterfowl',Caprimulgiformes='nightjars',Apodiformes='swifts',Musophagiformes='turacos',Otidiformes='turacos',Cuculiformes='turacos',Mesitornithiformes='turacos',Pterocliformes='turacos',Columbiformes='pigeons',Gruiformes='flufftails',Podicipediformes='grebes',Phoenicopteriformes='grebes',Charadriiformes='sandpipers',Eurypygiformes='loons',Phaethontiformes='loons',Gaviiformes='loons',Sphenisciformes='loons',Procellariiformes='loons',Ciconiiformes='storks',Suliformes='storks',Pelecaniformes='pelicans',Opisthocomiformes='raptors',Accipitriformes='raptors',Strigiformes='owls',Coliiformes='mousebirds',Leptosomiformes='mousebirds',Trogoniformes='mousebirds',Bucerotiformes='mousebirds',Coraciiformes='rollers',Piciformes='woodpeckers',Cariamiformes='falcons',Falconiformes='falcons',Psittaciformes='parrots',
                Passeriformes='nz_wrens'} -- passeriformes link not very useful

     local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
     local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "/bow/" .. IOCorders[order]
     return title, url     
end
data.IOC.family = function(family)
     data.IOC.version()
     local IOCfamilies = { Struthionidae = {"ratites", 4}, Alcippeidae = {"babblers", 24989 } }      -- temporary partial list for testing
     
     local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family)
     --https://www.worldbirdnames.org/Family/Struthionidae
     local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Family/" .. family   -- old version (might be resurrected by IOC)
     
     -- https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/babblers/#1338626516R24989
     if IOCfamilies[family] then                                             -- test version local partial list
      url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "new/bow/" ..  IOCfamilies[family][1] .. "/#1338626516R" .. IOCfamilies[family][2]
     end
     return title, url
end    
data.IOC.default = function( title, url) 
     data.IOC.version()
     return title, url
end

data.BOW = {         
 citationArgs = {
  website="Birds of the World Online", 
 -- doi = "",                          
 -- ['last1']="Winkler",  ['first1']="David W.",              -- are these always the authors in version 1? no, perhaps for family page
 -- ['last2']="Billerman",  ['first2']="Shawn M.",
 -- ['last3']="Lovette",  ['first3']="Irby J.",  
 -- ['editor1-last']="Billerman",  ['editor1-first']="S. M.",  --['editor1-link']="",
 -- ['editor2-last']="Keeney",  ['editor2-first']="B. K.",
 -- ['editor3-last']="Rodewald",  ['editor3-first']="P. G.",  
 --    ['editor4-last']="Schulenberg",  ['editor4-first']="T. S.",
 --    ['version'] = 1,   ['year'] = 2020,                                             -- may not want to default
  publisher="[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]], Ithaca, NY."
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="citation,make,order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Explore Taxonomy"
                
 },
}
-- function not needed of not adding anything else
data.BOW.default2 =  function( title, url)  
  --data.BOW.citationArgs['version'] = "Version 1"
  mw.addWarning("testing BOW.default function")
  return title, url
end
-- id works with the default function data.default.id  (id, source)
data.BOW.id2 = function( id) 
   local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] ..id
   local title = "BOW id="  .. id 
end

--[[ make BOW to parse standard citation, {{BioRef|BOW|citation=CITATION}}
    vesrion 1 (family): Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I.J. Lovette (2020). Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae), version 1.0. In Birds of the World 
                        (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. 
                        https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    version 2 (species): Limparungpatthanakij , W. L., L. Fishpool, and J. Tobias (2020). Buff-vented Bulbul (Iole crypta), version 2.0. In Birds of the World 
                        (S. M. Billerman and B. K. Keeney, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. 
                        https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.buvbul1.02
]]
data.BOW.citation =  function( value)  
 local citation  = templateArgs['citation'] 

    data.BOW.citationArgs['year']  = citation:match ('^%D+(%d%d%d%d)')
    data.BOW.citationArgs['doi']  = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%..+')                           -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    --data.BOW.citationArgs['version']  = citation:match ('version %d%.%d')                       -- version applies to page, not whole BOW
    local title = citation:match ('%d%d%d%d%)%.(.*, version %d%.%d)');                            -- include version number in title
    local suffix = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%.(.+%d)%.');                                     -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    local version = "/cur/"                                                                       -- for the current version
    version = citation:match ('version (%d%.%d)')                                                 -- for the cited version
    local url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL']  .. suffix .. '/'  .. version .. '/' 
    
    title = title:gsub( '%((%D+) (%D+)%)' , "(''%1 %2'')")
    
    local authors = citation:match ('^(%D+) %(%d%d%d%d%)')
    if authors then           -- split authors with modified code from make cite iucn
     local list = {}
     --mw.addWarning ("author string: " .. authors)
     authors = authors:gsub(", and ", ", ")   -- for 3 or more authors
     authors = authors:gsub(" and ", ", ")     -- for 2 editors
       list = mw.text.split (authors, ',');             -- split the string on the commas into entries in list
  if #list == 0 then
   mw.addWarning ("Zero length author list. Please report example of BOW citation at Cite BOW template talk page.");
   data.BOW.citationArgs['author'] = authors               -- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter
  else
   for i, name in ipairs (list) do           -- for each author in list 
       if i==1 then                                --note the first name has last name followed by initials after comma, so takes fill first two parts of the split
        data.BOW.citationArgs['last1'] = name
       elseif i==2 then
        data.BOW.citationArgs['first1'] = name
       elseif i > 2 then
        data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] =  name:match ('%s(%a-)$')
        data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] =  name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$')
        --data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = nil
       else -- something has gone wrong (use author)
        data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = name 
       end
       if i>1 and 1==2 then
     mw.addWarning ("last" .. tostring(i-1)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1])
        mw.addWarning ("first".. tostring(i-1)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1])
       end
   end
  end   
    end
    -- now parse editors
    local editors = citation:match ('In Birds of the World %((.-), Editors?%)' ) -- omit editors as cite web psoitioning is weird
    if editors then           -- split editors with modified code from make cite iucn
     local list = {}
     --mw.addWarning ("editor string: " .. editors)
     editors = editors:gsub(", and ", ", ")    -- for 3 or more authors
     editors = editors:gsub(" and ", ", ")     -- for 2 editors
       list = mw.text.split (editors, ',');             -- split the string on the commas into entries in list
  if #list == 0 then
      mw.addWarning ("problem with editor splitting")
   data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'] = editors               -- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter
  else
   for i, name in ipairs (list) do           -- for each author in list 
       if i>0 then                                --note the editor names are all same format (unlike authors)
        data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i] =  name:match ('%s(%a-)$')
        data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i] =  name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$')
        --data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i-1] = nil
       else -- something has gone wrong (use editor)
--        data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i] = name 
       end
       if i>0 and 1==2 then
     mw.addWarning ("editor-last" .. tostring(i)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i])
        mw.addWarning ("editor-first".. tostring(i)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i])
       end
   end
  end   
    end

  --if not url then url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL']  end
  --if not title then title = "Title parameter required" end
  
  return title, url
end

-- basic handling for Taxonomy in Flux website
data.tif = {         
 citationArgs = {
  website="Taxonomy in Flux", 
  ['editor1-last']="Boyd III",  ['editor1-first']="John H.",    --['editor1-link']="",
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "http://jboyd.net/Taxo/",
                defaultSuffix = "List.html",
                defaultTitle = "Taxonomy in Flux"
                
 },
}
--[[ ------------- Avibase
                   e.g. https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9144EF4017F2D8B1
]]
data.avibase = {
  citationArgs = {
  website="Avibase", 
  ['editor1-last']="Lepage",  ['editor1-first']="Denis",    --['editor1-link']="",
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/",
                searchStr = "species.jsp?avibaseid=",
                defaultTitle = "Avibase - The World Bird Database"
 }
}
--[[ use default function
data.avibase.id = function (id)
    
    local title = "Avibase id: " .. id
 local url = data.avibase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.avibase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
 return title, url
end
--]]

-- ============================= IUCN =================================================
-- for species in taxon; for species assessments, us {{cite iucn}}
-- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=Murexia&searchType=species 
-- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=aonyx&searchType=species
data.iucn = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]", 
  --publisher="[[IUCN]]"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.iucnredlist.org",
                searchString = "/search?query=",
                searchSuffix = "&searchType=species",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle="IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
 } 
}
data.iucn.genus  = function(genus)  return data.iucn.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.iucn.family = function(family) return data.iucn.taxon(family) end
data.iucn.order  = function(order)  return data.iucn.taxon(order) end
data.iucn.taxon  = function(taxon, titleItalics)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    local url = data.iucn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchSuffix']
    return title, url
end   

-- ============================= ASM Mammal Diversity Database ========================
data.asm = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="ASM Mammal Diversity Database", 
  publisher="[[American Society of Mammalogists]]"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1,2,3",
                baseURL = "https://www.mammaldiversity.org/",
                defaultTitle="ASM Mammal Diversity Database"
                
 }
}

data.asm.species2 = function(genus, species) -- use species function below
    -- old url = https://mammaldiversity.org/species-account.php?genus=ursus&species=arctos
 -- new url = https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Dipodomys&species=deserti&id=1001892 (only id required)
    local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
 local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species
 if templateArgs['id'] then url = url .. "&id=" .. templateArgs['id'] end
 return title, url
end     
data.asm.id = function(id)
     --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species-account/species-id=" .. templateArgs['id']
     -- new format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#species-id=1006310
     --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#species-id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id']
     -- newer format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Leopardus&species=colocola&id=1005993 (genus and species can be blank)
     -- newer (Mar 2024) https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006020
     
     local title = "Species-id=" .. id
     local hashString = "genus=&species=&id=" .. id                   -- if id only, requires blank genus and species (superceded by /taxon/link)
     if templateArgs['genus'] and templateArgs['species'] then
      title = "''" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. " " .. templateArgs['species'] .. "'' (id=" .. id ..")"
      hashString = "genus=" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. "&species=" .. templateArgs['species'] .. "&id=" .. id
     end
     --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=&species=&id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id']
     -- url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#" .. hashString
     local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "taxon/" .. id

     return title, url
end
data.asm.species = function(genus, species)
 if templateArgs['id'] then 
  return data.asm.id(templateArgs['id'])  -- use the ASM explore page if ID given (as permalink)
    end
 if genus and species then -- otherwisee use the treeview page with the species info
  local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''" 
  local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html#genus=" .. genus ..  "&species="  .. species 
     return title, url
 end
 
end

data.asm.genus  = function(genus)  return data.asm.taxon(genus, "genus", "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.asm.family = function(family) return data.asm.taxon(family, "family") end
data.asm.order  = function(order)  return data.asm.taxon(order, "order") end
data.asm.taxon  = function(taxon, rank, titleItalics)
     --https://mammaldiversity.org/#ZmVsaWRhZSZnbG9iYWxfc2VhcmNoPXRydWUmbG9vc2U9dHJ1ZQ
     --                             Base64.encode(felidae&global_search=true&loose=true)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html" 
 if rank then                                               -- no rank if taxon called directly
  url = url .. "#" .. rank .. "=" .. taxon  
 end
    return title, url
end   
--############################## Base64 encode and decode (used for ASM#####################
local b='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
-- encoding
data.asm.Base64 = {}
data.asm.Base64.encode = function(data)
    return ((data:gsub('.', function(x) 
        local r,b='',x:byte()
        for i=8,1,-1 do r=r..(b%2^i-b%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end
        return r;
    end)..'0000'):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x)
        if (#x < 6) then return '' end
        local c=0
        for i=1,6 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(6-i) or 0) end
        return b:sub(c+1,c+1)
    end)..({ '', '==', '=' })[#data%3+1])
end
-- decoding
data.asm.Base64.decode=function(data)
    data = string.gsub(data, '[^'..b..'=]', '')
    return (data:gsub('.', function(x)
        if (x == '=') then return '' end
        local r,f='',(b:find(x)-1)
        for i=6,1,-1 do r=r..(f%2^i-f%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end
        return r;
    end):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x)
        if (#x ~= 8) then return '' end
        local c=0
        for i=1,8 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(8-i) or 0) end
        return string.char(c)
    end))
end
--######################## Misc ##################################
--[[ 3 approaches to handling DB: 
1) use DB as website and use author for editors (if known)
            (a) use via to append WoRMS
            (b) use postscript to append WoRMs
            (c) use publisher for WoRMS
2) use WoRMS as website and designate DB as author (recommended by WoRMS) CURRENT
            (option) add editors [TODO see cite WoRMS for list]
            issue: what to do about editors changing (need to use access-date)
]]
data.WoRMS = {
 citationArgs = {
     author = "WoRMS",
     website = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]",
     --['via'] = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]",
     --postscript = '&#32;from the [[World Register of Marine Species]].'

 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1",
               baseURL = "http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?",
               searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=",
               defaultTitle="World Register of Marine Species"
 }
}
data.WoRMS.id = function(id)
    --[[ Two styles
         1. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712
            >  WoRMS (2018). Heterobranchia. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712 on 2018-11-28 
         2. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249
            > MolluscaBase (2018). Ringipleura. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249 on 2018-11-28 
    ]]
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    local searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=" .. templateArgs['id']
    
    if templateArgs['db'] then
     data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db'])
    --[[else -- WoRMS is primary source (note cite WoRMs uses WoRMS as publisher and the db as the work)
      templateArgs['via'] = nil
      templateArgs['postscript'] = nil]]
    end
        --templateArgs['website'] = templateArgs['db']  -- alternative (and use |postscript)
     --templateArgs['publisher'] = templateArgs['via']
     
    --page <title>WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Heterobranchia</title>
    local title = "WoRMS taxon details: AphiaID " .. id
    local url = data.WoRMS.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WoRMS.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url    

end
data.WoRMS.default = function()
  if templateArgs['db'] then
     data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db'])
     end
end
data.WoRMS.db = function(db) -- if database hosted by WoRMS

    db = string.lower( db )
 if db == "world of copepods database" or db == "copepoda" or db == "copepods" or db == "copepod" then
  templateArgs['author'] = "World of Copepods Database"
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Walter"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T.C."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Boxshall"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G."
  -- year ? (2022). 
 elseif db == "world amphipoda database" or db == "amphipoda" or db == "amphipod"then
  templateArgs['author'] = "World Amphipoda Database"
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Horton"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Lowry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="De Broyer"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C."
  templateArgs['display-editors']="etal";  -- full list is about 20 names
 elseif db == "world isopoda database" or db == "isopoda" or db == "isopod"then
  templateArgs['author'] = "World Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans database"
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Boyko"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="C.B."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Bruce"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="N.L."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Hadfield"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="K.A."
  templateArgs['editor-last4']="Merrin"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="K.L."
  templateArgs['editor-last5']="Ota."; templateArgs['editor-first5']="Y."
  templateArgs['editor-last6']="Poore"; templateArgs['editor-first6']="G.C.B."
  templateArgs['editor-last7']="Taiti"; templateArgs['editor-first7']="S."
 elseif db == "millibase" or db == "diplopoda" or db == "diplopod"then
  templateArgs['author'] = "MilliBase"
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Sierwald"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Spelda"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J."
 elseif db == "molluscabase" or db == "mollusca" or db == "mollusc" then
  templateArgs['author'] = "MolluscaBase"
 else
  templateArgs['author'] = templateArgs['db']  -- this is recommended by WoRMS
 end
end

--[[ Species files
       -- takes db parameter
       --https://db.speciesfile.org/otus/$ID/overview
       --https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview
]]

data.speciesfile = {
 citationArgs = {
     website   = " Species File",
     --publisher = "",
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5,db",
               --baseURL = "https://" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['db'] ) .. ".speciesfile.org/",
               --searchStr = "otus/",
              -- defaultSuffix = "/overview",
               --defaultTitle=  " Species File"
 }
}
data.speciesfile.id = function(id)                               -- e.g. https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview
 local db = data.speciesfile.db()  -- customise for speciesfile
    local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File id&#61;" .. id  -- use entity &#61; for = to avoid missing pipe CS1 warning
    --local url = data.speciesfile.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['defaultSuffix ']
    local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/otus/" .. id .. "/overview"
               
 return title, url    
end
data.speciesfile.default = function()
    local db = data.speciesfile.db ()
    local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File" 
    local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/"
    return title, url 
end
data.speciesfile.db = function()
    local db = string.lower( templateArgs['db']  )
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 if db == "zoraptera" then    -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "dermaptera" then  -- eds: Hopkins, H., Haas, F. & Deem, L.S.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S."
 elseif db == "plecoptera" then                    -- (eds) DeWalt RE, Hopkins H, Neu-Becker U, and Stueber G
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="DeWalt"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="R.E."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Neu-Becker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="U."
  templateArgs['editor-last4']="Stueber"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="G."
 elseif db == "orthoptera " then  --eds: Cigliano, M.M., H. Braun, D.C. Eades & D. Otte.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Cigliano"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="M.M."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Braun"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Eades"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="D.C."
  templateArgs['editor-last4']="Otte"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="D."
 elseif db == "grylloblattodea" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "mantophasmatodea" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "embioptera" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "phasmida" then        -- eds: Brock PD, Büscher TH, Baker E. 
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Brock"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P.D."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Büscher"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="T.H."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Baker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="E."
 elseif db == "mantodea" then  -- not updated yet
 elseif db == "cockroach" then       -- ed: Beccaloni, G.W.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Beccaloni"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="G.W."
 elseif db == "isoptera" then        -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "psocodea" then      --eds: Hopkins, H., Johnson, K.P., & Smith, V.S. 
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S."
 elseif db == "aphid" then         -- ed: Colin FAVRET
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Favret"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Colin"
 elseif db == "coleorrhyncha" then -- ed: Hopkins, H.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
 elseif db == "coreoidea" then -- not updated yet
 elseif db == "lygaeoidea" then -- eds: Dellapé, Pablo M. & Thomas J. Henry
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dellapé"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Pablo M."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Henry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="Thomas J."
 elseif db == "hoppers" then  -- eds: Dmitriev, D.A., Anufriev, G.A., Bartlett, C.R., Blanco-Rodríguez, E., Borodin, Oleg I., Cao, Y.-H., Deitz, L.L., Dietrich, C.H., Dmitrieva, M.O., El-Sonbati, S.A., Evangelista de Souza, O., Gjonov, I.V., Gonçalves, A.C., Hendrix, S., McKamey, S., Kohler, M., Kunz, G., Malenovský, I., Morris, B.O., Novoselova, M., Pinedo-Escatel, J.A., Rakitov, R.A., Rothschild, M.J., Sanborn, A.F., Takiya, D.M., Wallace, M.S., Zahniser, J.N.
  templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dmitriev"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="D.A."
  templateArgs['editor-last2']="Anufriev"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G.A."
  templateArgs['editor-last3']="Bartlett"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C.R."
  templateArgs['display-editors']="etal";  -- full list is about 28 names 
 else
  --return "Species File database not recognised"
 end
 if db == "hoppers" then
  data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] = "World Auchenorrhyncha Database"
 else
     data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] =  firstToUpper(db) .. data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website']
 end
    return db
end

--[[ Lepindex 
]]

data.lepindex = {
 citationArgs = {
     website   = "[[The Global Lepidoptera Names Index]]",
     ['editor-last1'] = "Beccaloni", ['editor-first1'] = "George",  ['editor-last2'] = "Scoble",    ['editor-first2'] = "Malcolm",
     ['editor-last3'] = "Kitching",  ['editor-first3'] = "Ian",     ['editor-last4'] = "Simonsen",  ['editor-first4'] = "Thomas",
     ['editor-last5'] = "Robinson",  ['editor-first5'] = "Gaden",  ['editor-last6'] = "Pitkin",    ['editor-first6'] = "Brian", 
     ['editor-last7'] = "Hine",      ['editor-first7'] = "Adrian", ['editor-last8'] = "Lyal",      ['editor-first8'] = "Chris",
     publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]",
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
               baseURL = "https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/",
               suffixStr = "detail/?taxonno=",
               defaultTitle="Lepindex"
 }
}
data.lepindex.id = function(id)    -- https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/detail/?taxonno=51506

    local title = "Lepindex id=" .. id
    local url = data.lepindex.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.lepindex.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id
  
 return title, url    
end

--[[ Global Lepidoptra Index
]]
data.gli = {
 
 --Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index (D. Hobern, Ed.; 1.1.24.171).
 citationArgs = {
     website   = "Global Lepidoptera Index",
     ['last1'] = "Beccaloni",   ['first1'] = "George", 
     ['last2'] = "Scoble",      ['first2'] = "Malcolm",
     ['last3'] = "Kitching",    ['first3'] = "Ian",
     ['last4'] = "Simonsen",    ['first4'] = "Thomas",
     ['last5'] = "Robinson",    ['first5'] = "Gaden", 
     ['last6'] = "Pitkin",      ['first6'] = "Brian", 
     ['last7'] = "Hine",        ['first7'] = "Adrian",
     ['last8'] = "Lyal",        ['first8'] = "Chris",
     ['last9'] = "Ollerenshaw", ['first9'] = "Justin", 
     ['last10'] = "Wing",       ['first10'] = "Peter", 
     ['last11'] = "Hobern",     ['first11'] = "Donald",
     ['editor-last'] = "Hobern", ['editor-first'] = "Donald", 
     publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]",
     via = "ChecklistBank",
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
               baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/",
               suffixStr = "taxon/",
               defaultTitle="Global Lepidoptera Index",
               defaultURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/about",
 }
}
data.gli.id = function(id)    -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/taxon/233256 
                           -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/DATASET_ID/taxon/TAXON_ID -- the dataset ID will change with version so need version handling or just use URL 

    local title = "GLI id=" .. id
    local url = data.gli.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.gli.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id
  
 return title, url    
end
data.gli.default2 = function()
  
    local title = ""
    local url = ""
    return title, url 
end


--[[ ITIS - Integrated Taxonomic Information System
          https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=95601#null
]]

data.itis = {
 citationArgs = {
     website   = "[[Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]",
     --publisher = "",
 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
               baseURL = "https://www.itis.gov/",
               searchStr = "servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=",
               defaultTitle="Integrated Taxonomic Information System"
 }
}
data.itis.id = function(id)   

    local title = "ITIS id=" .. id
    local url = data.itis.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.itis.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
  
 return title, url    
 
end

--[[ Catalogue of Life:
  Roskov Y., Ower G., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., van Nieukerken E.J., Penev L. (eds.) (2020). 
  Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. 
  Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
  Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. 
  Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
]]
data.col = {
 db       = "col",  -- need rethink this
 citationArgs = {
     --author = "Catalogue of Life",
     --['editor-last1'] = "Roskov",   ['editor-first1'] = "Y.", ['editor-last2'] = "Ower",     ['editor-first2'] = "G.",      ['editor-last3'] = "Orrell",   ['editor-first3'] = "T.", ['editor-last4'] = "Nicolson", ['editor-first4'] = "D.",      ['editor-last5'] = "Bailly",   ['editor-first5'] = "N.", ['editor-last6'] = "Kirk",     ['editor-first6'] = "P.M.",      ['editor-last7'] = "Bourgoin", ['editor-first7'] = "T.", ['editor-last8'] = "DeWalt",   ['editor-first8'] = "R.E.",      ['editor-last9'] = "Decock",   ['editor-first9'] = "W.", ['editor-last10'] = "van Nieukerken", ['editor-first10'] = "E.J.",      ['editor-last11'] = "Penev", ['editor-first11'] = "L.", 
     --website   = "[[Catalogue of Life]]",
     --website   = "[[Catalogue of Life|Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life]]",
     -- website   = "[[Species 2000]] & [[ITIS]] [[Catalogue of Life]]",
     website   = "[[Catalogue of Life]]",
     publisher = "[[Species 2000]]: Leiden, the Netherlands",
     --others    = "Species 2000 & ITIS"

 },
 customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1,2,3,4,5,legacy,option",
               baseURL = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/",
               searchStr = "browse?taxonKey=",
               defaultTitle="Catalogue of Life"
 }
}
data.col.id = function(id)   
 
    --[[ Catalogue of Life
        browse option: https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/browse?taxonKey=4JQ8
            use id for taxoKey
            
        taxon option    https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6HR5M
    ]]
    local title = "Catalogue of Life taxonKey " .. id
    local url = data.col.customArgs['baseURL']
    
    -- some new CoL are numbers e.g. 64553 in https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/64553
 if not tonumber(id)  and string.find( id,  "^[0-9abcdef]+$" ) then                                            -- if old-style id
  local year = "2019"        -- last old-style version available
     if templateArgs['version'] and string.find( templateArgs['version'], "^%d%d%d%d$"  ) then --if version specied
         year = templateArgs['version']
        end
     if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then 
      url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/browse/tree/id/" .. id
  else -- default to option=taxon
      url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/details/species/id/" .. id
  end
    else                                                                                  -- else use current version
     if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then 
      url = url .. "browse?taxonKey=" .. id
  else -- default to option=taxon
      url = url .. "taxon/" .. id
  end
    end

 return title, url    
 
end
--[[ current links
     https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT
 legacy links with redirect
     Species pages:    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/12dca9c49741815f82400bb7bff50553
     Species searches: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/all/key/Dracula+antonii/
    old-style links
                    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24
                    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/
                    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
 year specific links
        2019              http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24
                          http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Chinchilla+chinchilla/fossil/1/match/1 
                          http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/
                     ?    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2016/browse/tree?6d600f4985f19b1207d41d847424edd0 
                     ?    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
        browse            http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
 ]]
data.col.default = function(mode)  -- this handles the old style template with positional parameters (mode unused?)
   
 local para1 = templateArgs[2] 
 local para2 = templateArgs[3] 
 local para3 = templateArgs[4]  
 local para4 = templateArgs[5]  
 if para1 then para1 = mw.text.trim(para1) end
 if para2 then para2 = mw.text.trim(para2) end
 if para3 then para3 = mw.text.trim(para3) end
 if para4 then para4 = mw.text.trim(para4) end
 
 local title, url
 
 if para1 then
        --local match = "7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24" 
  local match = "^[0-9abcdef]+$" 
  if string.find( para1, match ) then
   url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/" .. para1  -- ""Old style id"
   --url ="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1
   if para2 then
    title = para2
   else
    title = "Oldstyle id: " .. para1
   end
   
  else

   --https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT
   
   if para1 ~= "" then
    url = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1 
    title = "''" .. para1 
    if para2  then
     url = url .. "+" .. para2 
     title = title .. " " .. para2
    end
    url = url .. "&type=EXACT"
    title = title .. "''"
   end
   
  end 
  if para3 then title = title .. " " .. para3 end   -- add authority
  if para4 == "nv" then templateArgs['trans-title'] = "synonym" end   -- if nv add [synonym]. Note that this parameter is not used to add COinS metadata 
 else
  -- no parameter 1
 end
 
 return title, url    
end

--======================  Fossilworks =======================================

data.fossilworks = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Fossilworks]]",
  agency="Gateway to the [[Paleobiology Database]]",
  --publisher="Paleobiology Database",
  --postscript = 'none',
  -- postscript = "&#32;from the [[Paleobiology Database]].",  -- gives maintenance warning
  --via="''fossilworks.org''"   -- an alternative format to using |website=
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,date,1",
                baseURL = "http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/",
                searchStr ="bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=",
                defaultTitle = "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.fossilworks.id = function(id)
--[[ http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=83087 
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    local searchStr = "bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=" .. templateArgs['id']
    templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
    ]]
    local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id
    local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.fossilworks.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.fossilworks.collection = function(collection)
 -- http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=20072
 local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection
 local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=" .. collection
 return title, url 
end
data.fossilworks.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end


--======================  Paleobiology Database: paleobiodb.org =======================================

data.paleobiodb = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Paleobiology Database]]"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,date,1",
                baseURL = "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/",
                searchStr ="basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=",
                defaultTitle = "Paleobiology Database"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.paleobiodb.id = function(id)
--[[ https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=22786 
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    ]]
    local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id
    local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.paleobiodb.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.paleobiodb.collection = function(collection)
 -- https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=24193
 local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection
 local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=" .. collection
 return title, url 
end
data.paleobiodb.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
--======================================= PLANTS =========================
--[[ Plant authorities can end in a period. This is stripped by the citation templates. 
     This function encloses titles ending in such authorities in double parentheses, i.e. ((title))   
  ]]
local addAuthority = function(formattedTaxonName)
    if templateArgs['authority'] then
     local title = formattedTaxonName .. " " .. templateArgs['authority']
      return string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))")  -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal
    end
    return formattedTaxonName
end


--[[ Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. 
       Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy.
       https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#1599996425
     Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 
       Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de/ferns/. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy.
       https://www.worldplants.de/world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list#1599997555

    deeplinks:
  Genus:  [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-Koch ''Helosciadium'']
  Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-longipedunculatum ''Helosciadium longipedunculatum'']
  
  Genus:  [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-L. ''Lycopodium'']
  Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-clavatum ''Lycopodium clavatum'']

--]]
data.worldplants = {
 citationArgs = {
  last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael",
  website="World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.",
  --publisher=""
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de",
                searchStr ="/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "World Plants"
 }
}
data.worldplants.genus = function(genus)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
 local genusString = genus 
 if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end
 local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genusString
 return title, url  
end
data.worldplants.species = function(genus, species)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
 local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
 return title, url  
end
--[[ experimental, don't leave live 

data.worldplants.taxon = function(taxon)
 local title =  taxon .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
 local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. taxon
 return title, url  
end

data.worldplants.family = function(family)
 local title = family .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
 local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. family
 return title, url  
end
--]]
data.worldferns = {
 citationArgs = {
  last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael",
  website="World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.",
  --publisher=""
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de/",
                searchStr ="world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list?name=",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "World Ferns"
 }
}
data.worldferns.genus = function(genus)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
 local genusString = genus 
 if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end
 local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] ..  genusString
 return title, url  
end
data.worldferns.species = function(genus, species)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
 local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
 return title, url  
end

--[[Plants of the World online
    http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2  -- use id
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?q=Selaginellaceae                        -- use search
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?family=Selaginellaceae                   -- can also use family= [gets same result as q=]
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago                             -- or genus
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&species=abietina            -- or genus + species
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=accepted_names            -- filter for accepted names
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f                   -- filter for genus (no species selected)
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f%2Caccepted_names  -- filter for genus and accepted names
    http://powo.science.kew.org/?page.size=480&f=family_f%2Caccepted_names -- list of accepted families
    -- all these searches get the search result (no apparent way to target the article when unique)
]]
data.POWO = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Plants of the World Online]]",
  publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
                baseURL = "http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/",
                searchStr ="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Plants of the World Online"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
--[[ http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2 ]]
data.POWO.id = function(id)
 local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
 if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
    local title = id                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.family = function(family)
 local title = addAuthority(family)
 local id = templateArgs['id']
 if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
 local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.genus = function(genus)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
 local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
 if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
 local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.species = function(genus,species)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
 local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
 if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
 local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] ..id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.getValidID = function()
 local id = templateArgs['id']
 if id then 
  return string.gsub( id, "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:", "") -- don't want this twice
 end
 return nil
end
data.POWO.error = function()
 return '<span style="color:red">Requires id and one of title, family, genus or species parameters</span>'
end

--[[Gouda, E.J., Butcher, D. & Gouda, C.S. (cont.updated) 
Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4. http://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/ Utrecht University Botanic Gardens
]]

data.bromeliad = {
 citationArgs = {
  last1="Gouda", first1="E.J.",
  last2="Butcher", first2="D.",
  last3="Gouda", first3="C.S",
  website="[[Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads]]",
  version="Version 4",
  publisher="Utrecht University Botanic Gardens",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,list,1",
                baseURL = "https://bromeliad.nl/",
                searchStr ="encyclopedia/index.php?find=",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
--[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/index.php?find=Hylaeaicum ]]
data.bromeliad.search = function(search)

    local title = search                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.bromeliad.customArgs['searchStr'] .. search
    return title, url  
end
--[[ http://bromeliad.nl/species/Bromeliaceae ]]
data.bromeliad.taxon = function(taxon)

    local title = addAuthority(taxon)                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. taxon
    return title, url  
end
--[[ genus ]]
data.bromeliad.genus = function(genus)

    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus
 if templateArgs['list'] == "species" then
        url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showSpeciesIndex&name=" .. genus .. "&flags="
    end
    return title, url  
end
--[[  ]]
data.bromeliad.species = function(genus, species)

    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus .. "/" .. species 
    return title, url  
end

--[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=10093 ]]
data.bromeliad.id = function(id)

    local title = id                                                                          -- as default value
 local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=" .. id
    return title, url  
end

--[[GRIN 
 Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2021. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
 URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1571. Accessed 27 October 2021. 
 Family record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?id=440
    Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=440&type=family
 Subfamily record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subfamily&id=1507
    Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=3265&type=subfamily
 Tribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1551 (Millettieae)
    Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1551&type=tribe
 Subtribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subtribe&id=1507
    Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1507&type=subtribe
 Genus record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=191 (Genus Adenodolichos Harms)
   Species list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyspecieslist?id=191&type=genus
 Species record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=489203 ( Adenodolichos paniculatus)
 
]]
data.GRIN = {     
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)",
  publisher="[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
                baseURL = "https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal",
                searchStr ="/taxon/taxonomydetail?",                             -- for species record
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "GRIN-Global"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.GRIN.id = function(id)
    local title = data.GRIN.customArgs['defaultTitle'] .. ' ' .. id
    local url = data.GRIN.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.GRIN.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end

-- IPNI
--→ "Meconopsis Vig." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
---  https://www.ipni.org/n/30149252-2
--- as {{IPNI |id=30149252-2 |taxon=((Meconopsis |authority=Vig.))}} 

data.IPNI = {     
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[International Plant Names Index]] (IPNI)",
  publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
                baseURL = "https://www.ipni.org",
                searchStr ="/n/",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "IPNI"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.IPNI.id = function(id)
    local title = id
    local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.IPNI.species  = function(genus, species)  return data.IPNI.taxon(genus .. " " .. species, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.IPNI.genus  = function(genus)  return data.IPNI.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.IPNI.taxon = function(taxon, italics)
 local title = taxon 
 if italics then title = "''" .. title .. "''"  end
 title = addAuthority(title)
--[[ if templateArgs['authority'] then
  title = title .. " " .. templateArgs['authority']
  title = string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))")  -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal
 end ]]
 local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url  
end

--[[World Flora Online 
     http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284  -- id
]]

data.WFO = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[World Flora Online]]",
  --publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,family,genus,species,authority,1",
                baseURL = "http://www.worldfloraonline.org",
                searchStr ="/taxon/wfo-",                                       -- not strictly search string
                defaultSuffix = "",
                --defaultTitle = "World Flora Online"
                defaultTitle = "An Online Flora of All Known Plants"
 }

}
data.WFO.id = function(id)
--[[ http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284 
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.family = function(family)
 local title = addAuthority(family) 
 local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.genus = function(genus)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") 
 local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.species = function(genus,species)
 local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") 
 local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end

data.Tropicos = {
 citationArgs = {
  website="[[Tropicos]]",
  --publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens",
  --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
                baseURL = "http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/",
                searchStr ="",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Tropicos"
 }

}
data.Tropicos.id = function(id)
--[[ hhttp://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/100444532 
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.Tropicos.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.Tropicos.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.Tropicos.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end


data.FNA = {
 citationArgs = {
              website="[[Flora of North America]]",
              --publisher="http://www.efloras.org",
              --postscript = 'none',
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
                baseURL = "http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx",
                searchStr ="?flora_id=1&taxon_id=",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Flora of North America"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.FNA.id = function(id)
--[[ http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=125683
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.FNA.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.FNA.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.FNA.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
-- ATRP: Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants 


data.ATRP = {
 citationArgs = {
              website="[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]",
              publisher="[[Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation]] (CSIRO)",
              version = "Edition 8",
        year = 2020,
              --postscript = 'none',
              last1= "Zich", first1="F. A.", 
              last2= "Hyland",  first2= "B. P. M.", ['author2-link']="Bernard Hyland",
              last3= "Whiffin", first3= "T.", 
              last4= "Kerrigan",  first4= "R.A.",
              --['display-authors']=3,
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "genus, species,authority, id,1",
                baseURL = "https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest",
                searchStr ="/text/entities/",
                defaultSuffix = ".htm",
                defaultTitle = "[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]"
 }
 --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.ATRP.species = function(genus,species)
--[[ https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/buckinghamia_celsissima.htm
    ]]
    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") --"''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
    local url = data.ATRP.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ATRP.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "_" .. species .. data.ATRP.customArgs['defaultSuffix']
    return title, url  
end
data.ATRP.error = function()
 return "Requires genus and species parameters"
end

-- ============================= Mosses (Goffinet's site) =================================================-- for species in taxon; for species assessments, us {{cite iucn}}
-- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Hypnanae
-- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Bryales
data.goffinet = {
 citationArgs = {
  first1="B.", last1="Goffinet", 
  first2="W.R.", last2="Buck",
  website="Classification of extant moss genera"
  --publisher="[[xxx]]"
 },
 customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
                baseURL = "https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/",
                searchString = "#",
                searchSuffix = "",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle="Classification of the Bryophyta"
 } 
}
data.goffinet.genus  = function(genus)  return data.goffinet.taxon(genus, "GENUS") end
data.goffinet.family = function(family) return data.goffinet.taxon(family, "FAMILY") end
data.goffinet.order  = function(order)  return data.goffinet.taxon(order, "ORDER") end
data.goffinet.taxon  = function(taxon, rank)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if rank == "GENUS" then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    if not (rank == "GENUS" or rank == "FAMILY") then  -- upper case anchors for orders and above
     if taxon ~= "Bryanae" and taxon ~= "Hypnanae" and taxon ~= "Bryales" and taxon ~= "Bryidae" then -- check for exceptions (inconsistencies at website)
      taxon = taxon:upper()
     end
    end
    local url = data.goffinet.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchSuffix']
    return title, url
end 

--[[ AlgaeBase
    (old) taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898
    taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?#6898
    genus article url (Volvox) =  https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id)
    genus article url (Torodinium)= https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=44698
    Please cite this record as:   M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2020. AlgaeBase. 
                                  World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. 
                                  http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 10 May 2020.              
]]
data.AlgaeBase = {
 citationArgs = {
             website="[[AlgaeBase]]",
                ['editor1-last']="Guiry", ['editor1-first']="M.D.",
                ['editor2-last']="Guiry", ['editor2-first']="G.M.",
             publisher="National University of Ireland, Galway",
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,1,genus_id,species_id,spid,genid",
                baseURL = "https://www.algaebase.org/",
                --searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?id=", (old)
                searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?#",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "AlgaeBase"
 }
}
data.AlgaeBase.id = function(id)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898 (id for taxonomy page)
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.genid = function(genid)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id for genus page)
    ]]
    local title = genid
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/genus/detail/?genus_id=" .. genid
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.spid = function(spid)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=52713 (id for species page)
    ]]
    local title = spid
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/species/detail/?species_id=" .. spid
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end

--================= Viruses =========
data.ictv = {
 citationArgs = {
             website="ictv.global",
                --['editor1-last']="xx", ['editor1-first']="xx",
                --['editor2-last']="xx", ['editor2-first']="xx",
             author="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)",
 },
 customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
                baseURL = "https://ictv.global/taxonomy/",
                searchStr ="taxondetails?taxnode_id=",
                defaultSuffix = "",
                defaultTitle = "Taxonomy Browser"
 }
}
data.ictv.id = function(id)
--[[ https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917&taxon_name=Campanilevirus%20YC          (for species Campanilevirus YC)
     https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917 (also works with just the id)
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.ictv.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ictv.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end

data.ictv.error = function()
 return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
--############################## General Functions ########################################


local function getArgs (frame, args)
 local parents = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent()
  
 for k,v in pairs(parents.args) do
  --check content
  if v and v ~= "" then
   args[k]=v --parents.args[k]
  end
 end
 for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do
  --check content
  if v and v ~= "" then
   args[k]=v 
  end
 end
end
local function initialise(frame, sourceDB)
 
 target=sourceDB
 templateArgs = sourceDB.citationArgs -- get custom arguments for target (fishbase, cof etc
    
 getArgs(frame, templateArgs) -- get template arguments from parent frame and frane
 
 
 local url = (target.customArgs['baseURL'] or "") .. (target.customArgs['defaultSuffix'] or "")
 local title = target.customArgs['defaultTitle'] or ""
 return title, url
end 
-- moved up top for scope
local function firstToUpper2(str)
    return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper))
end
-- clear template arguments that won't be recognised by {{cite web}}
local function clearCustomArgs()
 
 local excludeTable = { 'genus', 'species', 'subspecies', 'family', 'order', 'taxon', 
                     'id', 'search' , 'citation', 1, 2, 3, 4 }                          -- add defaults ?
 
 if target.customArgs['exclude'] then
  local customTable = mw.text.split (target.customArgs['exclude'] , "%s*,%s*"); 
  for k,v in pairs(customTable) do
      table.insert (excludeTable, v )
  end
 end 
  for k,v in pairs(excludeTable) do
      if tonumber (v) then
       v = tonumber (v)  --convert positional parameters (numbers as string) to a number
   end
   templateArgs[v]=nil --clear content
  end
end

-- function handling the cite web template
p.citeWeb = function(frame, title, url)
    
    -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above)
    if not templateArgs['url'] and url then
      templateArgs['url']= url
    end
    if not templateArgs['title'] and title then
      templateArgs['title'] = title
 end

    clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
 
 local citeTemplate = 'cite web'          -- use Template:Cite web unless specified
 --if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end
 return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs  }

end
-- p.CiteBook
-- for reasons of consisitency within BioRef/FishRef the title parameter is the section-title of {{cite book}}
p.citeBook = function(frame, title, url, chapterParams) -- very much a msw3 function
    
    
    --if (1==1) then return templateArgs['title']  end
    
    -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above)
    if not templateArgs['url'] and url then
      templateArgs['url']= url
      if target.GoogleBooks then
       templateArgs['url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id']
                      .. (target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or "&pg=PP1")
       
      end
    end
    if not templateArgs['title'] and title then
 --     templateArgs['title'] = title 
 end
 if templateArgs['title'] ~= title or templateArgs['taxon-title'] then -- do we have a section title provided
  templateArgs['section'] = templateArgs['title']  -- chapter/section title passed as title parameter
  templateArgs['title']   = title -- the work is the book title given in the source data
  if target.GoogleBooks then
   
   templateArgs['section-url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id']
   local pageSuffix = target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or ""
   if templateArgs['page'] or templateArgs['gb-page'] then
    pageSuffix = "&pg=PT" .. (templateArgs['gb-page'] or templateArgs['page'] )
   end
   local searchStr = ""
      -- quoted search {{#if:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}|&dq={{urlencode:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}}}}}
      if templateArgs['q'] then searchStr = "&q=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['q'] ) end
      -- search #if:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}|&q={{urlencode:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}}}}}
      if templateArgs['dq'] then searchStr = "&dq=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['dq'] ) end
      
      
      templateArgs['section-url'] = templateArgs['section-url'] .. pageSuffix ..  searchStr
            templateArgs['url'] = nil   -- no need for second link to google books
  end

     -- if the chapter/section is linked, we can link the main book chapter differently 
     if target.customArgs['altTitle'] then -- if we are using a chapter/section, we can wikilink the book title 
      templateArgs['title'] = target.customArgs['altTitle']  -- alternative to allow wikilink
     elseif target.customArgs['altURL'] then
      templateArgs['url'] = target.customArgs['altURL']
     end

 end -- end if using supplied title for chapter/section

    clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
 
 local citeTemplate = 'cite book'          -- use Template:Cite web unless specified
 --if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end
 return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs  }

end

-- common function for genus and species
local function getGenusSpecies()
 --TODO standardise genus species handling
 local genus, species, subspecies
 if (templateArgs['genus']  or templateArgs[2] ) then 
     genus = templateArgs['genus'] or templateArgs[2]
        genus = firstToUpper(mw.text.trim(genus))
 end
 if (templateArgs['species']  or templateArgs[3] ) then 
     species = templateArgs['species'] or templateArgs[3]
     species =  mw.text.trim(species)
 end
 if (templateArgs['subspecies']  or templateArgs[4] ) then 
     subspecies = templateArgs['subspecies'] or templateArgs[4]
     subspecies =  mw.text.trim(subspecies)
 end
 
 return genus, species, subspecies
end

--#################### MSW3   -- uses cite book
p.MSW3 = function(frame) 
 local msw = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
 initialise(frame, msw.MSW3)
 return msw.MSW3.main(frame,templateArgs)
end
p.MSW3merged = function(frame) 
 local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
 return p._main(frame, data.MSW3)
end
p.MSW3_standalone = function(frame) 
 
 local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
 initialise(frame, data.MSW3)
    local url = target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] 
    
    
    if templateArgs['title'] and templateArgs['id'] then
     templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr']  ..  templateArgs['id']
     templateArgs['chapter'] = templateArgs['title']
      
     templateArgs['title'] = target.CustomArgs['bookTitle']
     if templateArgs['page'] then
      templateArgs['url'] = target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL'] .. templateArgs['page'] 
  else
            --return "Page number for google books required"
     end
    elseif templateArgs['order'] then
     templateArgs['chapter'] =  "Order " .. templateArgs['order']
     local chapter = target.chapters[templateArgs['order']]
     for k,v in pairs(chapter) do   -- add chapter specific parameters
      templateArgs[k] = v 
     end
     templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr']  ..  templateArgs['id']
     templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL']  ..  templateArgs['page']
     if templateArgs['pages'] and templateArgs['page'] then templateArgs['page'] = nil end
    else -- default output
     templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL']  .. "1" -- default to book
     templateArgs['url']= url 
    end
    -- using cite book
 clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
 return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'cite book', args = templateArgs  }
end






--########################### Functions for access (using invoke) ##############################################


--================ Fishbase, Catalog of Fishes (cof) ================
p.fishbase    = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fishbase) end
p.cof         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.cof) end 
p.fotw5       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fotw5) end 
--=================== ASW6, AmphibiaWeb, ReptileDB
p.reptileDB   = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.reptileDB) end
p.ASW6        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.ASW6) end
p.amphibiaweb = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.amphibiaweb) end
--=========== Birds
p.HBWa        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive) end
p.HBWalive    = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive)  end
p.IOC         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.IOC) end
p.BOW         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.BOW) end
--======= Mammals
p.asm         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.asm) end
--======= Plants
p.WFO         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WFO) end
p.POWO        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.POWO) end
-- MSW3 has custom handling (see above)
--=========== Other
p.fossilworks = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fossilworks) end
p.worms       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end
p.WoRMS       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end
p.col         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.col) end 
--fallback = function() return "hello" end
--#########################################################
p.main = function(frame) 
 local source = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1])
 --TODO force to lower case and use lower case for all functions above
 
 if source == "MSW3" then return p.MSW3(frame) end
 
 if source == "ref" or source == "reference" then source = "Reference" end   -- aliases
 if source == "Reference" then return p.Reference(frame) end
    
    if source == "HBWa" then source = "HBWalive" end   -- aliases
    if source == "powo" then source = "POWO" end   -- aliases
    if source == "wfo" then source = "WFO" end   -- aliases
    if source == "mdd" then source = "asm" end   -- aliases
 --return p[source]['test']
 if source == "fishbase"              -- unnecessary?
  or source == "cof" 
  or source == "fotw5" or source == "Fotw5" 
  or source == "reptileDB" 
  or source == "amphibiaweb" 
  or source == "BOW"
  or source == "ASW6" 
  or source == "asm" 
  or source == "HBWalive" or source == "HBWa" 
  or source == "fossilworks" 
  or source == "WoRMS" or source == "worms" 
  or source == "POWO" or source == "powo" 
  or source == "WFO" or source == "wfo" 
  or source == "AlgaeBase"
  -- and so on
     then return p._main(frame,data[source])
 else
  -- 
  -- is there a point in the default if it needs the named object/table?
  return p._main(frame,data[source])
 end
end
p._main = function(frame, source) 

    --TODO in modular version source will be provided in frame arguments 
    --local source = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent().args[1]
    local chapterParams = {} -- used for cite book (only MSW3 at moment)
    
    if not source then return "Error: unrecognised source." end
    
    local title, url = initialise(frame, source)
    
    --taxon related parameters
    local genus, species, subspecies
    
    if source.db ~= "col" then                             -- col legacy uses positional parameters differently
     genus, species, subspecies = getGenusSpecies()             
    end
    
    local family = templateArgs['family']
    local order = templateArgs['order']
    local taxon = templateArgs['taxon']
 
 local id = templateArgs['id']                                       --id related parameters
 local spid = templateArgs['spid'] or templateArgs['species_id']
 local genid = templateArgs['genid'] or templateArgs['genus_id']
 local citation = templateArgs['citation'] 
    local collection = templateArgs['collection'] or templateArgs['collection_no'] 
 local search = templateArgs['search']
    local mode, value
    
    -- the functions
    if genus and species and source.species then
     title, url = source.species(genus,species,subspecies)
    else -- functions with just their own name as parameter
     
     if id then mode = "id"; value = id
     elseif taxon then mode = "taxon"; value = taxon
     elseif order then mode = "order"; value = order
     elseif family then mode = "family"; value = family
     elseif genus then mode = "genus"; value = genus 
     elseif spid then mode = "spid"; value = spid
     elseif genid then mode = "genid"; value = genid 
        elseif search then mode = "search"; value = search 
        elseif citation then mode = "citation"; value = citation 
        elseif collection then mode = "collection"; value = collection 
     else
      -- no suitable parameter (use default page)
      if source.default then
       title, url, chapterParams = source.default(title, url)
      end
     end
    end
    if mode then
     if source[mode] then
      title, url, chapterParams = source[mode](value)  
     elseif data.default[mode] then
      title, url, chapterParams = data.default[mode](value, source)
     else
      if source.error then return source.error() end             -- custom error message
         return "Error: parameter not supported for this source" .. " (" .. mode .. ")"
     end
    else 
     -- if no mode then use the default title and url set by initialize()
    end

    if source.citeTemplate == "Cite book" then
     return p.citeBook(frame, title, url, chapterParams)
    end
 return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url)
 
end  -- End the function.



p.Reference = function(frame)
 
 local refs = require('Module:FishRef/refs')
 getArgs(frame, templateArgs)
 
 if templateArgs[2] then
  local reference = mw.text.trim(templateArgs[2])
  if reference ~= "" and refs[reference] then 
   if templateArgs['pages'] then 
    refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("}}", "|pages="..templateArgs['pages'].."}}")
    refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("|pages=[^|{}%[%]]*(|[^|{}}%[%]]*|pages=)", "%1")
   end
   if templateArgs['reftags'] == "yes" then
    refs[reference] = '<ref name=' .. templateArgs[2] ..'>' .. refs[reference] .. '</ref>'
   end
      if templateArgs['expand'] and templateArgs['expand']=='no' or templateArgs['raw']  then
       return refs[reference]
      else
       return frame:preprocess(refs[reference])
      end
     else
      return 'Reference not found: "' .. templateArgs[2] .. '"'
  end
 end
 return "Reference parameter missing."
end -- End the function.




-- All modules end by returning the variable containing its functions to Wikipedia.
return p