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Richfield Tower

1929 building was the headquarters of Richfield Oil in Los Angeles

Richfield Tower
The building's top (image from a 1970 book)
General information
Status	Demolished
Architectural style	Art Deco
Address	555 South Flower Street
Town or city	Los Angeles, California
Country	United States of America
Coordinates	34°03′03″N 118°15′25″W / 34.050799°N 118.256966°W / 34.050799; -118.256966
Construction started	1928
Completed	1929
Demolished	November 12, 1968[2] – spring 1969[1]
Cost	$1,750,000
Client	Richfield Oil Co.[1]
Height	372 feet (113 m)
Technical details
Structural system	Steel skeleton
Floor count	12
Design and construction
Architect(s)	Stiles O. Clements

Richfield Tower, also known as the Richfield Oil Company Building, was an office tower constructed between 1928 and 1929 and served as the headquarters of Richfield OilinLos Angeles, California.

It was designed by Stiles O. Clements and featured a black and gold Art Deco façade. The unusual color scheme was meant to symbolize the "black gold" that was Richfield's business. Haig Patigian did the exterior sculptures.^[2] The building was covered with architectural terra cotta manufactured by Gladding, McBean, as was typical of many west coast buildings from this era. In an unusual move, all four sides were covered since they were all visible in the downtown location.^{[citation needed]}

The 12-floor building was 372 feet (113 m) tall, including a 130-foot (40 m) tower atop the building, emblazoned vertically with the name "Richfield". Lighting on the tower was made to simulate an oilwell gusher and the motif was reused at some Richfield service stations.^[2]

The company outgrew the building, and it was demolished in 1969, much to the dismay of Los Angeles residents and those interested in architectural preservation, to make way for the present ARCO Plaza skyscraper complex. The elaborate black-and-gold elevator doors were salvaged from the building and now reside in the lobby of the new ARCO building (now City National Tower).^[3]

The central figures of the Tympanum (Navigation, Aviation, Postal Service and Industry) over the main entry were donated by the Atlantic Richfield Company to the UC Santa Barbara Art & Design Museum, negotiated by Professor David Gebhard, noted UCSB architectural historian. He published a small illustrated volume on the building before demolition: The Richfield Building 1928–1968 (Atlantic Richfield Co., Santa Barbara, 1970).^{[citation needed]} After languishing in university storage for over a decade, three of the four figures were mounted outside the UCSB Student Health Center in 1982. The fourth figure was incomplete and remains in storage.^{[citation needed]}

Richfield Tower was starkly featured in a few scenes of Michelangelo Antonioni's 1970 film Zabriskie Point, shot shortly before its demolition.^{[citation needed]} It was also the Nitro Chemicals building in This Gun For Hire (1942).

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  Front detail
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  Terracotta figures at the side
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  Terracotta angel, closeup
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  View from upper floors
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  East entrance
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  Layout
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  Colorized postcard, (between circa 1930 and circa 1945)
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  North side and east front of building, 1968
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  West side of building during demolition, April 1969

• Greater Los Angeles portal

• Felton, Dave (April 10, 1969). "Building's 'Guards' Now Lie Strewn in Wrecking Yard". Los Angeles Times. p. C1.
• Gebhard, David (1970). The Richfield Building, 1928–1968. Santa Barbara: Atlantic Richfield Co. ASIN B0007HRZ6S.
• Hebert, Ray (March 9, 1967). "Plaza Complex Slated for Richfield Block". Los Angeles Times. p. B1.
• Hebert, Ray (August 18, 1967). "Admirers Would Save 1929 Richfield Building". Los Angeles Times. p. A6.
• "Downtown Structure to be Guide". Los Angeles Times. August 25, 1929. p. E2.
• "Oilman Killed in Plunge from 12th Floor Office". Los Angeles Times. August 30, 1950. p. 17.
• "Crews Move In to Dismantle Landmark Richfield Building". Los Angeles Times. November 13, 1968. p. A1.
• "A Backyard Cheops Visits His Pyramid". Los Angeles Times. April 19, 1970. p. E1.
• Weaver, John D. (April 18, 1971). "The Miracle of Sixth and Flower". Los Angeles Times. p. P9.

• Media related to Richfield Oil Company Building at Wikimedia Commons