Sangar is located on the right bank of the Lena River, on the opposite bank of the mouth of the Tyugyuene, 334 kilometers (208 mi) by road from Yakutsk, the capital of the republic.[12]
It was established in 1928 as a mining settlement.[2] The name originates from the nearby Sangar-Khaya Mountain. On February 10, 1930, the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was split into districts (uluses) and Sangar became a part of newly established Namsky District. In 1934, the mine was transferred to the Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route, which at the time administrated most of the industrial activity in the north of the Soviet Union. Coal from Sangar was transported to Tiksi on the coast of the Arctic Ocean and there distributed among various Arctic settlements.[2] On April 20, 1937, Kobyaysky District was established, with the administrative center in the seloofKobyay, and Sangar became a part of that district.[13]
In 1938, the reconstruction of Sangar, which until that year did not have a hospital or a club, started. Urban-type settlement status was granted to it in 1940.[1] In 1942, about two hundred of people were deported to exile to Sangar from Leningrad Oblast. In June 1943, a fatal accident occurred in the mine, and twenty-two miners were killed.[2] In 1956, gas was discovered in the district, and the economy of Sangar started to reorient to gas production and transport. In 1959, the administrative center of the district was moved to Sangar.[13] The mine eventually decayed and in the 1960s was transferred to the local authorities, finally closing down in 1997. Since the mine was providing most of the jobs, more than a half of the population of Sangar migrated and the infrastructure was considerably reduced.[2]
^Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
^According to Article 7 of the Law #77-I, lower-level administrative divisions with the status of a settlement have their administrative centers in an inhabited locality with the status of an urban-type settlement. According to the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic, Sangar is the administrative center of the Settlement of Sangar.
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Kobyaysky District. (in Russian)
Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №172-З №351-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1535-З №597-V от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 1 и 2 Закона Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #172-Z No. 351-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1535-Z No. 597-V of November 27, 2015 On Amending Articles 1 and 2 of the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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