Sarpsborg Municipality
Sarpsborg kommune
| |
|---|---|
Parts of Sarpsborg
| |
Flag | |
Østfold within Norway
| |
Sarpsborg within Østfold
| |
| Coordinates: 59°17′09″N 11°06′43″E / 59.28583°N 11.11194°E / 59.28583; 11.11194 | |
| Country | Norway |
| County | Østfold |
| Administrative centre | Sarpsborg |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2023) | Magnus Arnesen (H) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 406 km2 (157 sq mi) |
| • Land | 370 km2 (140 sq mi) |
| • Rank | #238 in Norway |
| Population
(31 December 2022)
| |
| • Total | 59,038 |
| • Rank | #13 in Norway |
| • Density | 134/km2 (350/sq mi) |
| • Change (10 years) | +6.6% |
| Demonym | Sarping[1] |
| Official language | |
| • Norwegian form | Bokmål |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | NO-3105[3] |
| Website | Official website |
Sarpsborg (pronounced [ˈsɑ̀ʂbɔr] or [ˈsɑ̀rpsbɔrɡ]), historically Borg, is a city and municipalityinØstfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsborg is part of the fifth largest urban area in Norway when paired with neighbouring Fredrikstad. As of 1 January 2018, according to Statistics Norway these two municipalities have a total population of 136,127 with 55,840 in Sarpsborg and 81,278 in Fredrikstad.[4]
Statistics for 2021, say that the city has a population where 19% of the children belong to families that have "low-income in the long-term"; that is the highest level for a city (in Norway); the national level is 11.3%.[5]
 |
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this sectionbyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
|
InNorse times the city was just called Borg (from borg which means "castle"). The background for this was the fortification built by Olav Haraldsson (see History section). Later the genitive case of the name of the waterfall Sarpr (Sarp Falls) was added, it's unclear how Sarpsborg received this part of its name, two interpretations are the most prevalent. The first coming from the Icelandic word Sarpr which means birdcage in English. The other interpretation is that Sarpr means "the one who swallows", probably referring to the local waterfall.[6]
In Norse times Østfold county was called Borgarsýsla which means『the county (sýsla) of Borg』and the law district of southeast Norway was called Borgarþing meaning "the thing/court of Borg".
The old name has been revived in the diocese of Borg (1968) and Borgarting Court of Appeal (1995).
The coat-of-arms is from modern times and was granted on 13 November 1991. It is based on a coat of arms dating from 1556 and shows a bear above a castle. The bear was introduced as early as some time in the 13th century, by the earl of Sarpsborg (Comes de Saresburgh), Alv Erlingsson. He used the bear to symbolise his strength.[citation needed] The castle symbolises the fortress (borg) that gave the city its original name.[7]
The city was founded as Borg by the Viking King Olav Haraldsson (Saint Olaf) in 1016. It was burned to the ground by Swedish invaders in 1567 during the Northern Seven Years' War. Half the population was evacuated down the river to what is today known as Fredrikstad, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) downstream.
Much of the rebuilt town disappeared into the river Glomma during a 1702 mudslide. Again Borg was rebuilt, and it was recreated as a city in 1839, and separated from Tune as a municipality of its own.
The rural municipalities of Tune, Skjeberg, and Varteig were merged with the city on 1 January 1992. The population is steadily growing, and during the summer of 2005 it reached 50,000 inhabitants.
In 2016 the town celebrated its 1,000th anniversary, and the entire year was commemorated by a special programme that encouraged historic preservation within the town.[8]
Historically, the sawmill and timber shipping industry has been Sarpsborg's most important sources of income, however since the industrialisation in Norway, more specifically Sarpsborg and the establishment of local manufacturing businesses during the late 1800s, the biggest being Borregaard, Sarpsborg has changed from its traditional timber-based economy and pre-industrial society to a more manufacturing and refining-based economy and industrial society. In modern times Sarpsborg has moved away from being a city based on the local manufacturing and refining industry, with only around ten percent employed within the local manufacturing industry, coinciding with Norway's general shift towards a post-industrial society. Despite this, the city is still widely regarded by Norwegians both unofficially and officially, to be an industrial city.[9]
| Ancestry | Number |
|---|---|
 Poland |
1,646 |
 Iraq |
1,382 |
 Bosnia-Herzegovina |
1,102 |
 Kosovo |
841 |
 Somalia |
725 |
 Syria |
557 |
 Sweden |
492 |
 Afghanistan |
408 |
 Iran |
372 |
 Vietnam |
297 |
 Lithuania |
267 |
 Philippines |
260 |
 Thailand |
240 |
 Serbia |
178 |
 Pakistan |
174 |
 Denmark |
161 |
 Russia |
160 |
Borregaard Industries is, and always has been, the most important industry in the city. The city is also the home of Borg Bryggerier, part of the Hansa Borg Bryggerier, which is Norway's second largest brewery-group.
During the 1950s and 1960s, Sarpsborg was famous for its football (soccer) team, Sarpsborg FK, but is now more known for its ice hockey team, Sparta Warriors. In football, Sarpsborg 08 FF has taken over the local throne, currently playing at the highest national level. On 6 November 2009, they sent arch-rival FFK down from the top division in a play-off game in Fredrikstad stadion. Sarpsborg 08 has a women's football team that was promoted to the women's Division 1 at the end of 2011, at the same time as the club's under-19 girls reached the Junior Cup Final. Sarpsborg BK plays in the highest bandy division.[citation needed]
Sarpsborg is famous for its two elite leagues teams in floorball, Sarpsborg IBK and Greåker IBK.
Sarpsborg has a humid continental climate (Dfb) or temperate oceanic climate (Cfb), depending on winter threshold used (0 °C (32 °F) as in US or −3 °C (27 °F) as in Europe). The all-time high 33.5 °C (92.3 °F) was recorded in July 2018. The all-time low −26 °C (−15 °F) was set in December 2002. Since the weather station was incepted in 1991, the records may not be representative of a longer time frame. The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below 0 °C (32.0 °F)) in spring is 20 April[11] and average date for first freeze in autumn is 22 October[12] giving a frost-free season of 184 days (1981-2010 average).
| Climate data for Sarpsborg (2002–2021 averages, extremes since 1991) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
25.0 (77.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
33.5 (92.3) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.2 (54.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
26.5 (79.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
26.8 (80.2) |
21.9 (71.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
8.2 (46.8) |
29.5 (85.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.4 (36.3) |
11.3 (52.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
2.0 (35.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
11.8 (53.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.3 (64.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
2.5 (36.5) |
7.3 (45.1) |
11.6 (52.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
9.8 (49.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
4.5 (40.1) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −13.2 (8.2) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
8.2 (46.8) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
2.0 (35.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 78.2 (3.08) |
53.9 (2.12) |
45.7 (1.80) |
45.8 (1.80) |
64.1 (2.52) |
69.4 (2.73) |
73.9 (2.91) |
99.1 (3.90) |
86.7 (3.41) |
112.9 (4.44) |
101.4 (3.99) |
84.2 (3.31) |
915.3 (36.01) |
| Source: Norsk Klimaservicesenter[13] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Sarpsborg 1991-2020 (57 m, extremes 1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
27 (81) |
30 (86) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
25 (77) |
18.8 (65.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
33.5 (92.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
0.9 (33.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
7 (45) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
7.2 (44.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −21.5 (−6.7) |
−23 (−9) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−6 (21) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
2 (36) |
7 (45) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−1 (30) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−26 (−15) |
−26 (−15) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 76.7 (3.02) |
51.9 (2.04) |
49.4 (1.94) |
49.2 (1.94) |
54.4 (2.14) |
71.9 (2.83) |
67.2 (2.65) |
89.3 (3.52) |
84.9 (3.34) |
105.4 (4.15) |
101.3 (3.99) |
85.3 (3.36) |
886.9 (34.92) |
| Source 1: yr.no/Norwegian Meteorological Institute[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: eklima/met.no[15] | |||||||||||||
Sarpsborg has several sister cities:[21]
|
| |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Towns and cities |
| |||||
| Municipalities |
| ||||||
| |||||||
|
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As of 1 January 2024, according to Statistics Norway [1] | ||||||||
|
| |||||||
|
| ||
|---|---|---|
As of 1 January 2023, according to Statistics Norway [2] | ||
|
|
| |
| International |
|
|---|---|
| National |
|
| Geographic |
|
