J u m p t o c o n t e n t
M a i n m e n u
M a i n m e n u
N a v i g a t i o n
● M a i n p a g e ● C o n t e n t s ● C u r r e n t e v e n t s ● R a n d o m a r t i c l e ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● C o n t a c t u s ● D o n a t e
C o n t r i b u t e
● H e l p ● L e a r n t o e d i t ● C o m m u n i t y p o r t a l ● R e c e n t c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e
S e a r c h
Search
A p p e a r a n c e
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P e r s o n a l t o o l s
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e ● C o n t r i b u t i o n s ● T a l k
( T o p )
1 T r a v e l
2 L a n d
3 V i l l a g e s
T o g g l e V i l l a g e s s u b s e c t i o n
3 . 1 L o s A n g e l e s C o u n t y
3 . 1 . 1 S a n F e r n a n d o V a l l e y
3 . 1 . 2 S a n G a b r i e l V a l l e y
3 . 1 . 3 W e s t s i d e / C e n t r a l
3 . 1 . 4 G a t e w a y C i t i e s
3 . 1 . 5 S o u t h B a y
3 . 2 O r a n g e C o u n t y
3 . 3 S a n B e r n a r d i n o C o u n t y
3 . 4 R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y
3 . 5 C h a n n e l I s l a n d s
4 R e f e r e n c e s
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
T o v a a n g a r
A d d l a n g u a g e s
A d d l i n k s
● A r t i c l e ● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e ● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e ● S p e c i a l p a g e s ● P e r m a n e n t l i n k ● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n ● C i t e t h i s p a g e ● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L ● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e ● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F ● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
Tongva Sacred Springs (pictured March 2023)
Tovaangar (Tongva [1] [2] Tongva world or homelands. It includes the greater area of the Los Angeles Basin , including the San Gabriel Valley , San Fernando Valley , northern Orange County , parts of San Bernardino County and Riverside County , and the southern Channel Islands , including San Nicholas , Santa Catalina , Santa Barbara , and San Clemente .[3] [4] [5] Chumash are to the northwest, the Tataviam to the north, the Serrano and Cahuilla to the east, and the Acjachemen and Payómkawichum to the south.[3]
The Tongva still build ti'at Chumash tomol [6]
Prior to European colonialism , land travel through Tovaangar largely occurred through an extensive network of trails traveled by Indigenous peoples throughout the region . Although not often recognized by name, many of these trails became roads and highways that are now used for automobile travel.[7] Mohave trail , which connected Tovaangar to nations in the east along, what the Spanish referred to as, the Colorado River .[8]
Travel over water mainly occurred through tule reed boats for local travel through waterways. For ocean travel, particularly between the mainland and the villages on Pimuu'nga , Kinkipar , and Haraasnga , te'aats or ti'ats were common. These are wooden plank boats built by the Tongva currently in the Ti'at Society that are made air tight with a mixture of asphaltum and hold up to twelve people. A similar boat is the Chumash tomol . The Tongva and Chumash are unique in being the only two nations in the region with plank canoes of this kind.[9] [6]
After the establishment of Spanish missions in California and the California genocide , all of Tovaangar has been taken out of the Tongva's stewardship . The Tongva Taraxat Paxaavxa Conservancy has been established for the rematriation of Tongva homelands.[10] ha ) was returned to the conservancy in Altadena , which marked the first time the Tongva had land under their stewardship in Los Angeles County in nearly two-hundred years.[10]
Villages [ edit ]
Los Angeles County [ edit ]
Outskirts
Outskirts
Orange County [ edit ]
San Bernardino County [ edit ]
Riverside County [ edit ]
Channel Islands [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ Stewart-Ambo, Theresa (2021). "The Future Is in the Past: How Land-Grab Universities Can Shape the Future of Higher Education" . Native American and Indigenous Studies . 8 1 ): 162–168. doi :10.1353/nai.2021.a784830 . ISSN 2332-127X .
^ a b Vaughn, Kēhaulani Natsuko; Ambo, Theresa Jean (2022-08-01). "Trans-Indigenous Education: Indigeneity, Relationships, and Higher Education" . Comparative Education Review . 66 3 ): 508–533. doi :10.1086/720611 . ISSN 0010-4086 . S2CID 249728456 .
^ Hackel, Steven W.; Zerneke, Jeanette; Zappia, Natale. "Early California Cultural Atlas: Visualizing Uncertainties within Indigenous History". Visualizing Uncertainties Within Indigenous History doi :10.4324/9780429295546-8-9 . ISBN 9780429295546 S2CID 164246246 . Retrieved 2023-01-01 .
^ Curwen, Thomas (2019-05-09). "Tongva, Los Angeles' first language, opens the door to a forgotten time and place" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2023-01-01 .
^ a b PBS SoCal (4 November 2019). "Rethinking the Coast with the Ti'at Society | Tending Nature | Season 2, Episode 1 | KCET" . YouTube . Retrieved 7 October 2020 .
^ Day, Mark R. (13 September 2018). "Aboriginal Pathways and Trading Routes Were California's First Highways" . ICT . Archived from the original on Jan 2, 2023. Retrieved 2023-01-02 .
^ Zappia, Natale A. (2014). Traders and Raiders: The Indigenous World of the Colorado Basin, 1540-1859 ISBN 978-1-4696-1585-1 OCLC 883632043 .
^ Hein, Frank J.; de la Rosa, Carlos L. (2013). Wild Catalina Island: Natural Secrets and Ecological Triumphs ISBN 978-1-61423-918-5 OCLC 944514536 .
^ a b Valdez, Jonah (2022-10-10). "After nearly 200 years, the Tongva community has land in Los Angeles County" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2023-01-03 .
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tovaangar&oldid=1219725125 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● T o n g v a ● C u l t u r a l r e g i o n s ● G e o g r a p h y o f C a l i f o r n i a ● G e o g r a p h y o f C a l i f o r n i a b y r e g i o n ● N a t i v e A m e r i c a n h i s t o r y o f C a l i f o r n i a ● H i s t o r y o f L o s A n g e l e s C o u n t y , C a l i f o r n i a H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● C S 1 e r r o r s : p e r i o d i c a l i g n o r e d ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 1 9 A p r i l 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 3 : 1 7 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
