2,4-D |
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
---|
3Rs |
Principles of replacement, reduction, or refinement of animal use for scientific research or product safety testing |
---|
A |
Adenine |
---|
AA |
Aristolochic acid |
---|
AAN |
Aristolochic acid nephropathy |
---|
ABF |
Artificial butter flavoring(s) |
---|
ACCK |
Accidentally Killed |
---|
ACGIH |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists |
---|
ACD |
Allergic contact dermatitis |
---|
ADH |
Alcohol dehydrogenase |
---|
ADME |
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion |
---|
ADMET CoE |
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicology Center of Excellence (U.S. Department of Defense) |
---|
AIDS |
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
---|
ALT |
Alanine transaminase |
---|
ANSI |
American National Standards Institute |
---|
AOP |
Adverse outcome pathway |
---|
AP1 |
Activator protein 1 |
---|
AR |
Androgen receptor |
---|
ASCCT |
American Society for Cellular and Computational Toxicology |
---|
AST |
American Society of Transplantation |
---|
ATLL |
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma |
---|
ATSDR |
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
---|
AZT |
Azidothymidine |
---|
BEI |
Biological exposure index |
---|
BEN |
Balkan endemic nephropathy |
---|
BOP |
Bureau of Prisons |
---|
BRCA |
Breast cancer susceptibility proteins |
---|
BSC |
Board of Scientific Counselors |
---|
b.w. |
Body weight |
---|
C |
Cytosine |
---|
cART |
Combined antiretroviral therapy |
---|
CAS |
Chemical Abstracts Service |
---|
CAS No. |
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number |
---|
CASRN |
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number |
---|
CDC |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
---|
C. elegans |
Caenorhabditis elegans, a type of roundworm |
---|
CFR |
Code of Federal Regulations |
---|
CEBS |
Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) |
---|
CG W/BD |
Cage With Bedding |
---|
CG WO/BD |
Cage Without Bedding |
---|
CHO |
Chinese hamster ovary |
---|
CI |
Confidence interval |
---|
C.I. |
Colour Index™ |
---|
CIN |
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
---|
CLARITY-BPA |
Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity |
---|
CoCrMo |
Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum |
---|
COX |
Cyclooxygenase |
---|
CPSC |
Consumer Product Safety Commission |
---|
CVB |
Center for Veterinary Biologics (U.S. Department of Agriculture) |
---|
CYP |
Cytochrome P450 |
---|
dA-AAI |
7-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-aristolactam I |
---|
dA-AAII |
7-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-aristolactam II |
---|
DACC |
Dosing Accident |
---|
DDD |
1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane |
---|
DDE |
1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene |
---|
DDT |
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane |
---|
dec |
Decomposes |
---|
dG |
Deoxyguanosine |
---|
dG-AAI |
7-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-aristolactam I |
---|
dG-AAII |
7-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-aristolactam II |
---|
DHHS |
Department of Health and Human Services |
---|
DHP |
Dihydropyrrolizine |
---|
DHS |
Department of Homeland Security |
---|
DMDTC |
Dimethyldithiocarbamate |
---|
DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid |
---|
DNase |
Deoxyribonuclease |
---|
DNT |
Dinotrotoluene |
---|
DOE |
U.S. Department of Energy |
---|
DoD |
U.S. Department of Defense |
---|
DOI |
-
U.S. Department of the Interior
-
Digital object identifier
|
---|
DOT |
U.S. Department of Transportation |
---|
DREAM |
Dialogue for Reverse Engineering Assessments and Methods |
---|
DTT |
Division of Translational Toxicology (Formally Division of the National Toxicology Program) at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
---|
DVA |
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |
---|
EBNA |
Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen |
---|
EBV |
Epstein-Barr virus |
---|
ed. |
-
Edition
-
Editor(s)
|
---|
EDQM |
European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare |
---|
EDSP |
Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) |
---|
EFV |
Efavirenz |
---|
EPA |
Environmental Protection Agency |
---|
EURL ECVAM |
European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing |
---|
F344 |
Fischer 344 (rats) |
---|
FANC |
Fanconi anemia complementation group proteins |
---|
FDA |
U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
---|
FACA |
Federal Advisory Committee Act |
---|
FR |
Federal Register |
---|
FTC |
Emtricitabine (also known as 2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine) |
---|
G |
Guanine |
---|
Gav-Dea |
Gavage Death |
---|
GST |
Glutathione S-transferase |
---|
GST-P+ |
Glutathione S-transferase placental form positive |
---|
GSTT1 |
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 hour(s) |
---|
HAART |
Highly active antiretroviral therapy |
---|
HAM/TSP |
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis |
---|
HBeAg |
Hepatitis B e antigen |
---|
HBsAg |
Hepatitis B surface antigen |
---|
HBV |
Hepatitis B virus |
---|
HBZ |
HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor |
---|
HCA |
Heterocyclic amine |
---|
HCT/Ps |
Human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products |
---|
HCV |
Hepatitis C virus |
---|
HHE |
Health Hazard Evaluation (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) |
---|
HHV |
Human herpesvirus |
---|
HHS |
Health and Human Services |
---|
HIF-1α |
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha |
---|
HIST |
Murine histamine sensitization test |
---|
HIV |
Human immunodeficiency virus |
---|
HIVMA |
HIV Medicine Association |
---|
Housalon |
Housed Alone |
---|
HpCDD |
Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
---|
HPLC |
High performance liquid chromatography |
---|
HPV |
Human papillomavirus |
---|
HRSA |
Health Resources and Services Administration |
---|
HSDB |
Hazardous Substance Data Bank (National Library of Medicine) |
---|
HTLV-1 |
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 |
---|
HTS |
High-throughput screening |
---|
HUD |
Housing and Urban Development |
---|
HxCDD |
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
---|
IARC |
International Agency for Research on Cancer |
---|
IATA |
Integrated approach to testing and assessment |
---|
ICCVAM |
Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods |
---|
ICH |
International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use |
---|
IDLH |
Immediately dangerous to life and health |
---|
IDSA |
Infectious Diseases Society of America |
---|
IgG |
Immunoglobulin G |
---|
IL |
Interleukin |
---|
ILS |
Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc. |
---|
Intr-sac |
Interim Sacrifice |
---|
IRIS |
Integrated Risk Information System |
---|
ISO |
International Organization for Standardization |
---|
IVIVE |
In vitrotoin vivo extrapolation |
---|
JaCVAM |
Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods |
---|
JAK/STAT |
Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription |
---|
JM |
Johns Manville |
---|
Kdis |
Dissolution rate |
---|
KoCVAM |
Korean Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods |
---|
Kow |
Octanol-water partition coefficient |
---|
KSHV |
Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus |
---|
LD50 |
In traditional acute systemic toxicity tests, the dose that produces lethality in 50% of the animals tested |
---|
LET |
Linear energy transfer |
---|
LLNA |
Murine local lymph node assay |
---|
LMP |
Latent membrane protein |
---|
LT |
Large T antigen |
---|
MAP |
Mitogen-activated protein |
---|
MCA 38 |
Murine colon adenocarcinoma cell line |
---|
MCL |
Maximum contaminant level |
---|
MCPyV |
Merkel cell polyomavirus |
---|
MCV |
Merkel cell polyomavirus |
---|
min |
Minute(s) |
---|
MISS |
Missing |
---|
MMVF |
Man-made (or machine-made) vitreous fibers |
---|
MOA |
Mode of action |
---|
mol wt |
Molecular weight |
---|
mRR |
Meta–relative risk |
---|
MSAC |
Moribund Sacrifice |
---|
N BOTTLE |
New Bottle |
---|
N FEEDER |
New Feeder |
---|
N/A |
Not applicable |
---|
NAC/AEGL |
National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances |
---|
NADPH |
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form |
---|
NAICS |
North American Industrial Classification System |
---|
NATD |
Natural Death |
---|
NCEH/ATSDR |
National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
---|
NCI |
National Cancer Institute |
---|
NCSU |
North Carolina State University |
---|
NC3Rs |
National Centre for the 3Rs (United Kingdom) |
---|
NCTR |
National Center for Toxicological Research |
---|
ND |
Not detected |
---|
NextGen |
Advancing the Next Generation of Risk Assessment |
---|
NF |
Nuclear factor |
---|
NF-κB |
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
---|
NHANES |
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
---|
NHL |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
---|
NICEATM |
NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods |
---|
NIEHS |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
---|
NIH |
National Institutes of Health |
---|
NIOSH |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |
---|
NK |
Natural killer |
---|
NLM |
National Library of Medicine (National Institutes of Health) |
---|
NNK |
4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone |
---|
NNN |
N-nitrosonornicotine |
---|
No. |
Number |
---|
NOHS |
National Occupational Hazard Survey |
---|
NOT APPL |
Not Applicable |
---|
NOT SPEC |
Not specified |
---|
NR |
Not reported |
---|
NRC |
Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
---|
Nrf2 |
Nuclear respiratory factor 2 |
---|
NTP |
National Toxicology Program |
---|
O BOTTLE |
Old Bottle |
---|
O FEEDER |
Old Feeder |
---|
OCDD |
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
---|
OECD |
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
---|
OHAT |
Office of Health Assessment and Translation |
---|
OPTN |
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network |
---|
OR |
Odds ratio |
---|
OSHA |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
---|
P&G |
Procter & Gamble |
---|
PACs |
Polycyclic aromatic compounds |
---|
PAH |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon |
---|
PBDEs |
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers |
---|
PCDD |
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin |
---|
PCDF |
Polychlorinated dibenzofuran |
---|
PCP |
Pentachlorophenol |
---|
PCR |
Polymerase chain reaction |
---|
PEL |
Permissible exposure limit |
---|
PFOA |
Perfluorooctanoic acid |
---|
PFOS |
Perfluorooctane sulfonate |
---|
PHS |
Public Health Service |
---|
Phy-Ab |
Physically Abnormal |
---|
PISC |
PETA International Science Consortium, Ltd. |
---|
PI3 |
Phosphoinositide 3 |
---|
pKb |
Dissociation constant |
---|
PVC |
Polyvinyl chloride |
---|
QSAR |
Quantitative structure-activity relationship |
---|
r |
Correlation coefficient |
---|
r2 |
Coefficient of determination |
---|
R-DHP |
R-dihydropyrrolizine |
---|
REL |
Recommended exposure limit |
---|
RfC |
Inhalation reference concentration |
---|
RfD |
Oral reference dose |
---|
REACH |
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (European Union legislation) |
---|
RNA |
Ribonucleic acid |
---|
RoC |
Report on Carcinogens |
---|
ROS |
Reactive oxygen species |
---|
RQ |
Reportable quantity |
---|
RR |
-
Relative risk (risk ratio or rate ratio)
-
Research report
|
---|
s |
Second |
---|
S&S |
Schleicher & Schuell |
---|
SACATM |
Scientific Advisory Committee on Alternative Toxicological Methods |
---|
S-DHP |
S-dihydropyrrolizine |
---|
SDS |
Safety Data Sheet |
---|
SEAZIT |
Systematic Evaluation of the Application of Zebrafish in Toxicology (National Toxicology Program) |
---|
SIR |
Standardized incidence ratio |
---|
SMR |
Standardized mortality ratio |
---|
Spec-Ctl |
Special Control |
---|
Spec_std |
Special Study |
---|
spp. |
Species (plural) |
---|
SoT |
Society of Toxicology |
---|
Srv/Sent |
Survey/Sentinel |
---|
SSAC W/O NEC |
Scheduled Sacrifice without Necropsy |
---|
ssRNA |
Single-stranded RNA |
---|
sT |
Small T antigen |
---|
STAIN BD |
Stained Bedding |
---|
STE |
Short time exposure |
---|
STEL |
Short-term exposure limit |
---|
suppl. |
Supplement |
---|
T |
-
Thymine
-
Tumor
|
---|
TCBQ |
Tetrachlorobenzoquinone |
---|
TCDD |
Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
---|
TCE |
Trichloroethylene |
---|
TCHQ |
Tetrachlorohydroquinone |
---|
TCLP |
Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure |
---|
TDF |
Tenofovir |
---|
Term-Sac |
Terminal Sacrifice |
---|
TLAC |
Transfer to Lactation |
---|
TLV |
Threshold-limit value |
---|
TNT |
Trinitrotoluene |
---|
Tox21 |
Toxicology in the 21st Century; collaborative effort among four U.S. federal government agencies to develop more efficient approaches to predict how chemicals may affect human health |
---|
ToxCast |
Toxicity Forecaster (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) |
---|
TOXNET |
Toxicology Data Network (National Library of Medicine) |
---|
TPQ |
Threshold planning quantity |
---|
TRI |
Toxics Release Inventory |
---|
TSAC |
Terminal Sacrifice |
---|
TSCA |
Toxic Substances Control Act |
---|
TSNA |
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine(s) |
---|
TTNP |
Transfer to Next Phase |
---|
TURA |
Toxics Use Reduction Act |
---|
TWA |
Time-weighted average |
---|
U.S. |
United States |
---|
USAI |
United States of America Standards Institute |
---|
U.S.C. |
United States Code |
---|
USDA |
U.S. Department of Agriculture |
---|
USGS |
U.S. Geological Survey (U.S. Department of the Interior) |
---|
UV |
Ultraviolet |
---|
UVR |
Ultraviolet radiation |
---|
VCA |
Viral capsid antigen |
---|
VOC |
Volatile organic chemical |
---|
vol. |
Volume |
---|
v/v |
Volume-volume ratio |
---|
WC |
Tungsten carbide |
---|
WET BED |
Wet Bedding |
---|
WHO |
World Health Organization |
---|
Wrng-Sex |
Wrong Sex |
---|
wt. |
Weight |
---|
XCEL |
Ex Vivo Countermeasure Evolution and Licensure Program (U.S. Department of Defense) |
---|
Yr |
Year |
---|