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| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies |
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* ''A. l. purpureicollis'' <small>(Le Souef, 1898)</small><br |
* ''A. l. purpureicollis'' <small>(Le Souef, 1898)</small><br><small>purple-wattled brush turkey</small> |
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* ''A. l. lathami'' <small>(JE Gray, 1831)</small><br |
* ''A. l. lathami'' <small>(JE Gray, 1831)</small><br><small>Australian brushturkey</small> |
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[[File:Australian brushturkey (Alectura lathami) female head Atherton.jpg|thumb| |
[[File:Australian brushturkey (Alectura lathami) female head Atherton.jpg|thumb|female]] |
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The '''Australian brushturkey''', '''Australian brush-turkey''', or '''gweela''' ('''''Alectura lathami'''''), also frequently called the '''scrub turkey''' or '''bush turkey''', is a common, widespread species of mound-building bird from the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Megapode|Megapodiidae]] found in eastern Australia from [[Far North Queensland]] to [[Eurobodalla]] on the [[South Coast, New South Wales|South Coast]] of [[New South Wales]]. The Australian brushturkey has also been introduced to [[Kangaroo Island]] in South Australia. It is the largest extant representative of the family Megapodiidae, and is one of three species to inhabit Australia. |
The '''Australian brushturkey''', '''Australian brush-turkey''', or '''gweela''' ('''''Alectura lathami'''''), also frequently called the '''scrub turkey''' or '''bush turkey''', is a common, widespread species of mound-building bird from the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Megapode|Megapodiidae]] found in eastern Australia from [[Far North Queensland]] to [[Eurobodalla]] on the [[South Coast, New South Wales|South Coast]] of [[New South Wales]]. The Australian brushturkey has also been introduced to [[Kangaroo Island]] in South Australia. It is the largest extant representative of the family Megapodiidae, and is one of three species to inhabit Australia. |
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===Nesting=== |
===Nesting=== |
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[[File:Brush-turkey-Mound-Building.webm|thumb|Australian brushturkey building his mound]] |
[[File:Brush-turkey-Mound-Building.webm|thumb|Australian brushturkey building his mound]] |
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[[File:Australian Brush Turkey Nest (Sydney).jpg|thumb|Leaf litter nest of an Australian brushturkey in northern Sydney]] |
[[File:Australian Brush Turkey Nest (Sydney).jpg|thumb|Leaf litter nest of an Australian brushturkey in northern Sydney.]] |
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They build large nests on the ground made of leaves, other compostable material, and earth, {{convert|1|to|1.5|m|ft}} high and up to {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=on}} across.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Brush turkeys {{!}} Living with wildlife |url=https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/animals/living-with/brush-turkeys |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=Queensland Government |language=en}}</ref> Mound-building is done by a dominant male, and visited by a succession of local females, for mating and egg-laying.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Australian Brush-turkey |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/australian-brush-turkey/australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/australian-brush-turkey/ |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref> The male works tirelessly, collecting material from all around, and also diligently repelling rival males, which are keen to usurp his position. The effort involved eventually wears him down, and he will ultimately be defeated by a new king. The eggs are very large (90 × 45 mm), and the young are fully fledged on hatching. They can fly within hours, as soon as the feathers are dry. The eggs are hatched by the heat of the composting mound, the temperature of which is regulated by adding or removing material to maintain the temperature in the {{convert|33|–|35|C|F}} incubation temperature range.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|publisher=NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, New South Wales Government |url= http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/plantsanimals/AustralianBrushTurkey.htm |title=Australian Brushturkey}}</ref> The Australian brushturkey checks the temperature by sticking its beak into the mound. |
They build large nests on the ground made of leaves, other compostable material, and earth, {{convert|1|to|1.5|m|ft}} high and up to {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=on}} across.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Brush turkeys {{!}} Living with wildlife |url=https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/animals/living-with/brush-turkeys |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=Queensland Government |language=en}}</ref> Mound-building is done by a dominant male, and visited by a succession of local females, for mating and egg-laying.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Australian Brush-turkey |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/australian-brush-turkey/australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/australian-brush-turkey/ |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref> The male works tirelessly, collecting material from all around, and also diligently repelling rival males, which are keen to usurp his position. The effort involved eventually wears him down, and he will ultimately be defeated by a new king. The eggs are very large (90 × 45 mm), and the young are fully fledged on hatching. They can fly within hours, as soon as the feathers are dry. The eggs are hatched by the heat of the composting mound, the temperature of which is regulated by adding or removing material to maintain the temperature in the {{convert|33|–|35|C|F}} incubation temperature range.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|publisher=NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, New South Wales Government |url= http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/plantsanimals/AustralianBrushTurkey.htm |title=Australian Brushturkey}}</ref> The Australian brushturkey checks the temperature by sticking its beak into the mound. |
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