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Byrd worked in public service for almost fifty years, becoming an influential figure in U.S. politics, and through his [[Byrd machine]], the most powerful force in Virginia politics for much of the 20th century. His leading role in defying the U.S. Supreme Court decision in ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' (1954) by devising the [[massive resistance]] strategy has come to dominate public memory of his career, leading to a mixed legacy.

Byrd worked in public service for almost fifty years, becoming an influential figure in U.S. politics, and through his [[Byrd machine]], the most powerful force in Virginia politics for much of the 20th century. His leading role in defying the U.S. Supreme Court decision in ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' (1954) by devising the [[massive resistance]] strategy has come to dominate public memory of his career, leading to a mixed legacy.



The author of the most comprehensive biography of Byrd (as of 2023), Dr. Ronald L. Heinemann, Squires Professor of History at Hampden-Sydney College from 1969to2007, assessed Byrd's life and career in ''Harry Byrd of Virginia'' (published in 1996). Heinemann concluded that although Byrd was a greatly-talented and intelligent politician, one who came to dominate Virginia politics and substantially impact U.S. politics for decades, he frequently overlooked many other issues he could have helped address in favor of promoting white supremacist policies and resisting the changing of the times, consequently squandering his long-term reputation on a doomed battle to preserve ''de jure'' racial segregation in the U.S.

Byrd's sole biographer (at present), Dr. Ronald L. Heinemann, Squires Professor of History at Hampden-Sydney College in 1969-2007, assessed Byrd's life and career in ''Harry Byrd of Virginia'' (published in 1996) that although Byrd was a greatly-talented and intelligent politician, one who came to dominate Virginia politics and substantially impact U.S. politics for decades, he often overlooked many other issues he could have helped address in favor of promoting white supremacist policies and resisting the changing of the times, consequently squandering his long-term reputation on a doomed battle to preserve ''de jure'' racial segregation in the U.S.



The ''New York Times'' obituary following Byrd's passing in 1966 gave a similar assessment: "A talented man, Byrd chose to stand outside the broad currents of his time and to set his face against the future... He began as a force and ended as an anachronism."

The ''New York Times'' obituary following Byrd's passing in 1966 gave a similar assessment: "A talented man, Byrd chose to stand outside the broad currents of his time and to set his face against the future... He began as a force and ended as an anachronism."

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