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===Plate=== |
===Plate=== |
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{{Main|Plate heat exchanger}} |
{{Main|Plate heat exchanger}} |
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[[Image:Plate frame 1.svg|thumb|right|Conceptual diagram of a plate and frame heat exchanger]] |
[[Image:Plate frame 1.svg|thumb|right|Conceptual diagram of a plate and frame heat exchanger.]] |
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[[Image:Plate frame 2.png|thumb|right|A single plate heat exchanger]] |
[[Image:Plate frame 2.png|thumb|right|A single plate heat exchanger]] |
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[[Image:PHE Trieste 013.jpg|thumb|right|An interchangeable plate heat exchanger directly applied to the system of a swimming pool]] |
[[Image:PHE Trieste 013.jpg|thumb|right|An interchangeable plate heat exchanger directly applied to the system of a swimming pool]] |
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==Helical-coil== |
==Helical-coil== |
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[[File:HCHE.jpg|thumb|Helical-Coil Heat Exchanger sketch, which consists of a shell, core, and tubes ([[Scott S. Haraburda]] design)]] |
[[File:HCHE.jpg|thumb|Helical-Coil Heat Exchanger sketch, which consists of a shell, core, and tubes ([[Scott S. Haraburda]] design).]] |
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Although double-pipe heat exchangers are the simplest to design, the better choice in the following cases would be the helical-coil heat exchanger (HCHE): |
Although double-pipe heat exchangers are the simplest to design, the better choice in the following cases would be the helical-coil heat exchanger (HCHE): |
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* The main advantage of the HCHE, like that for the Spiral heat exchanger (SHE), is its highly efficient use of space, especially when it's limited and not enough straight pipe can be laid.<ref name=patil>{{cite journal | author1 = Patil, Ramachandra K. | author2= Shende, B.W. | author3= Ghosh, Prasanfa K. | title = Designing a helical-coil heat exchanger | url= https://www.researchgate.net/publictopics.PublicPostFileLoader.html?id=54daea37d5a3f295028b45be&key=cd7c7059-0d79-41f2-9d51-56d00af44bad | journal = Chemical Engineering | pages = 85–88 |volume= 92 |issue= 24 | date = 13 December 1982 | access-date= 14 July 2015 }}</ref> |
* The main advantage of the HCHE, like that for the Spiral heat exchanger (SHE), is its highly efficient use of space, especially when it's limited and not enough straight pipe can be laid.<ref name=patil>{{cite journal | author1 = Patil, Ramachandra K. | author2= Shende, B.W. | author3= Ghosh, Prasanfa K. | title = Designing a helical-coil heat exchanger | url= https://www.researchgate.net/publictopics.PublicPostFileLoader.html?id=54daea37d5a3f295028b45be&key=cd7c7059-0d79-41f2-9d51-56d00af44bad | journal = Chemical Engineering | pages = 85–88 |volume= 92 |issue= 24 | date = 13 December 1982 | access-date= 14 July 2015 }}</ref> |
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==Spiral== |
==Spiral== |
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[[File:Spiral-heat-exchanger-schematic-workaround.svg|thumb|Schematic drawing of a spiral heat exchanger]] |
[[File:Spiral-heat-exchanger-schematic-workaround.svg|thumb|Schematic drawing of a spiral heat exchanger.]] |
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A modification to the perpendicular flow of the typical HCHE involves the replacement of shell with another coiled tube, allowing the two fluids to flow parallel to one another, and which requires the use of different design calculations.<ref>{{cite journal | author1 = Rennie, Timothy J. | author2= Raghavan, Vijaya G.S. | title = Experimental studies of a double-pipe helical heat exchanger | journal = Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science | pages = 919–924 |volume= 29 |issue= 8 | date = September 2005 | doi=10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.02.001}}</ref> These are the [[Spiral]] Heat Exchangers (SHE), which may refer to a [[helix|helical]] (coiled) tube configuration, more generally, the term refers to a pair of flat surfaces that are coiled to form the two channels in a counter-flow arrangement. Each of the two channels has one long curved path. A pair of fluid ports are connected [[tangent]]ially to the outer arms of the spiral, and axial ports are common, but optional.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gc3.com/techdb/manual/cooltext.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209192326/http://gc3.com/techdb/manual/cooltext.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-02-09 |title=Cooling Text |access-date=2019-09-09}}</ref> |
A modification to the perpendicular flow of the typical HCHE involves the replacement of shell with another coiled tube, allowing the two fluids to flow parallel to one another, and which requires the use of different design calculations.<ref>{{cite journal | author1 = Rennie, Timothy J. | author2= Raghavan, Vijaya G.S. | title = Experimental studies of a double-pipe helical heat exchanger | journal = Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science | pages = 919–924 |volume= 29 |issue= 8 | date = September 2005 | doi=10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.02.001}}</ref> These are the [[Spiral]] Heat Exchangers (SHE), which may refer to a [[helix|helical]] (coiled) tube configuration, more generally, the term refers to a pair of flat surfaces that are coiled to form the two channels in a counter-flow arrangement. Each of the two channels has one long curved path. A pair of fluid ports are connected [[tangent]]ially to the outer arms of the spiral, and axial ports are common, but optional.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gc3.com/techdb/manual/cooltext.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209192326/http://gc3.com/techdb/manual/cooltext.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-02-09 |title=Cooling Text |access-date=2019-09-09}}</ref> |
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===Fouling=== |
===Fouling=== |
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{{main|Fouling}} |
{{main|Fouling}} |
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[[File:Fouling02.jpg|thumb|A heat exchanger in a steam power station contaminated with macrofouling]] |
[[File:Fouling02.jpg|thumb|A heat exchanger in a steam power station contaminated with macrofouling.]] |
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[[Fouling]] occurs when impurities deposit on the heat exchange surface. |
[[Fouling]] occurs when impurities deposit on the heat exchange surface. |
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