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{{Short description|Methodism's viewpoints on homosexuality}}
{{Christianity and sexual orientation}}
{{Methodism}}

'''Methodist viewpoints concerning homosexuality''' are diverse because there is no one [[Christian denomination|denomination]] which represents all Methodists. The [[World Methodist Council]], which represents most Methodist denominations, has no official statements regarding sexuality. Various [[Methodist denominations]] themselves take different stances on the issue of homosexuality, with many denominations holding homosexual practice to be sinful, while other denominations ordain LGBT clergy and marry same-sex couples. The positions of the various Methodist denominations around the globe are outlined in this article.

==African Methodist Episcopal Church==
The [[African Methodist Episcopal Church]] unanimously voted to forbid ministers from [[Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches|blessing same-sex unions]] in July 2004.<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church">{{cite web|title=Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church|url=http://www.hrc.org/issues/4957.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121220941/http://www.hrc.org/issues/4957.htm|archive-date=2009-11-21|access-date=2009-11-25|publisher=The Human Rights Campaign}}</ref><ref name="Washington Post - Gay Blacks Feeling Strained Church Ties">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A17057-2004Nov1.html|title=Gay Blacks Feeling Strained Church Ties|publisher=The Human Rights Campaign|access-date=2009-11-25 | first=Darryl | last=Fears | date=2004-11-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-07|title=AME General Conference debate on same-sex marriage continues after bill is voted down|url=https://religionnews.com/2021/07/07/the-ame-general-conference-will-consider-bill-on-same-sex-marriage/|access-date=2021-07-22|publisher=[[Religion News Service]]|language=en-US}}</ref> The church leaders stated that homosexual activity "clearly contradicts [their] understanding of Scripture" and that the call of the African Methodist Episcopal Church "is to hear the voice of God in our Scriptures".<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church"/> In the same year, the General Conference voted to "appoint a sexual ethics discernment committee to make recommendations to the denomination about LGBTQ matters."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-09|title=AME General Conference votes to form committee to study LGBTQ issues|url=https://religionnews.com/2021/07/09/ame-general-conference-votes-to-form-committee-to-study-lgbtq-issues/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=Religion News Service|language=en-US}}</ref>

Regarding LGBT clergy, Bishop Richard Franklin Norris declared the official position of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and instructed pastors of the denomination to read it to their congregations:<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church"/>
{{quotation|The official position of the African Methodist Episcopal Church is not in favor of the ordination of openly gay persons to the ranks of clergy in our church. This position reaffirms our published position papers, public statements and prior rulings, all of which indicate that we do not support the ordination of openly gay persons.<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church"/>}}

==African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church==
The [[African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church]] opposes homosexuality, with church leaders citing Genesis 1&2, 19:1-9; Leviticus 18:22, 20:13; 1 Corinthians 6:9; Romans 1:26-27; and 1 Timothy 1:10 as support for this position.<ref name="Grant2022">{{cite book |last1=Grant |first1=P. Ryan |title=Internalized Homonegativity Among Same Gender Loving Black Men: An Exploration of Truths |date=12 June 2022 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-57805-8 |language=en}}</ref> At its 1996 Quadrennial Conference, the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church declared homosexuality and same-sex marriages to be “morally wrong.”<ref>{{cite web |title=AME Zion bishops address 'forces of good and evil' |url=https://religionnews.com/1996/07/30/news-feature-ame-zion-church-ame-zion-bishops-address-forces-of-good-and-ev/ |publisher=[[Religion News Service]] |access-date=6 May 2024 |date=30 July 1996}}</ref>

==Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection==
The [[Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection]], in its ''Discipline'', teaches in ¶44:<ref name="AWMC2014"/>
{{blockquote|Further, by observing the teaching of Scripture regarding sexual conduct. We believe that God has commanded that no intimate sexual activity be engaged in outside of marriage between a man and a woman. We believe that any form of homosexuality, lesbianism, bi-sexuality, bestiality, incest, fornication, adultery, and any attempt to alter one’s gender by surgery or appearance are sinful perversions of God’s gift of sex. The party guilty of such conduct has by his or her act forfeited membership in the church.<br>
Gen. 2:24; 19:5, 13; 26:8–10; Lev. 18:1–30; Rom. 1:26–29; 1 Cor. 5:1; 6:9; 1 Thes. 4:1–8; Heb. 13:4.<ref name="AWMC2014">{{cite book|title=The Discipline of the Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection (Original Allegheny Conference)|year=2014|publisher=[[Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection]]|location=[[Salem, Ohio|Salem]]|language=en|pages=21, 125}}</ref>}}
¶340 outlines the consequences for clergymen engaged in homosexual activity:<ref name="AWMC2014"/>
{{blockquote|When an elder or a minister shall have been convicted of the crime of fornication, adultery, or homosexual activity, he or she shall be expelled from the Connection and shall never be restored to membership in the Connection; and the Connection shall not receive from any church anyone who has been convicted of these crimes after entering the ministry. But this shall not prohibit membership in an Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist church when the guilty person repents.<ref name="AWMC2014"/>}}

== Argentine Evangelical Methodist Church ==
The church, also called the [[Evangelical Methodist Church in Argentina]], allows each congregation to make its own position. The church has stated that they have "given, on a national level, freedom so that each congregation accompany...these couples. We permit freedom of action in order to bless them".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elciudadanoweb.com/hay-libertad-para-acompanar-a-las-parejas-homosexuales/|title=Hay libertad para acompañar a las parejas homosexuales |website=Diario El Ciudadano y la Gente|date=19 January 2014 |access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref>

== Bible Methodist Connection of Churches ==
The [[Bible Methodist Connection of Churches]], in its ''Discipline'', states in ¶42 that:
{{blockquote|We believe that God has given to us the gift of sexuality which may be exercised only within the boundaries of covenanted, monogamous, heterosexual marriage. Sexual relationships outside of marriage and sexual relationships between persons of the same sex are immoral and sinful. Thus, we condemn homosexuality, lesbianism, pederasty, bisexuality, bestiality, incest, pedophilia, fornication, adultery, pornography, and other forms of licentiousness as sinful perversions of the divine gift of sexuality. We believe that God disapproves of and forbids any attempt to alter one’s gender by surgery or appearance.<ref name="BMC2014">{{Cite web|url=http://www.biblemethodist.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2014-Bible-Methodist-Discipline.pdf|title=Discipline of the Bible Methodist Connection of Churches|year=2014|publisher=General Conference of the Bible Methodist Connection of Churches}}</ref>}}
In ¶44, it further states that:
{{blockquote|No practicing homosexual/lesbian shall be ordained as a minister or missionary or shall be used as a teacher, office holder or other employee in any of our ministries. They shall not be eligible to be members, lay leaders, or ministerial leaders in our churches. If any of the aforementioned persons or office holders practice this lifestyle, they forfeit their right to any office or membership in our churches. Practicing this lifestyle shall constitute automatic removal from membership or office.<ref name="BMC2014"/>}}
¶45 of the ''Discipline of the Bible Methodist Connection of Churches'' specifically prohibits its clergymen from officiating at [[Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches|same-sex marriages]].<ref name="BMC2014"/>

== Christian Methodist Episcopal Church ==
The [[Christian Methodist Episcopal Church]] opposes homosexuality, with church leaders citing Genesis 1&2, 19:1-9; Leviticus 18:22, 20:13; 1 Corinthians 6:9; Romans 1:26-27; and 1 Timothy 1:10 as support for this position.<ref name="Grant2022"/>

== Church of the Nazarene ==
The [[Church of the Nazarene]], a Methodist denomination aligned with the [[holiness movement]], teaches that marriage is only defined for heterosexual couples.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nazarene.org/files/docs/Perspectives_Homosexuality.pdf|title=A Pastoral Perspective of Homosexuality|date=September 20, 2011|website=nazarene.org|publisher=Church of the Nazarene|access-date=May 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200945/http://nazarene.org/files/docs/Perspectives_Homosexuality.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> As such, the denomination does not allow same-gender marriages.

== Church of North India ==
The [[Church of North India]], [[Uniting church|uniting]] different Protestants including Methodists, takes a traditional stand on human sexuality maintaining that marriage is defined heterosexually. The church opposes the criminalization of homosexuality, but also opposed the consecration of the first homosexual bishop in the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]], the Rt. Rev. [[Gene Robinson]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://continuingindaba.org/2013/09/18/homosexuality-an-indian-issue-in-church-and-state/|title=Homosexuality: An Indian Issue in Church and State|date=2013-09-18|website=Continuing Indaba|access-date=2016-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611094253/https://continuingindaba.org/2013/09/18/homosexuality-an-indian-issue-in-church-and-state/|archive-date=2016-06-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2009, the church both opposed the supreme court's decision to criminalize homosexuality, and also opposed same-sex marriage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/indian-supreme-court-re-criminalizes-homosexual-activity/|title=Indian Supreme Court Re-Criminalizes Homosexual Activity|website=National Catholic Register|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref>

== Church of South India ==
The [[Church of South India]] (CSI) is a united church representing Anglicans, Methodists, and Presbyterians. The CSI "is a relatively liberal Protestant church which has, since 1984, allowed women to become pastors. 'CSI has been liberal on these issues. It has taken up issues of gender, dalits and landlessness. It has to address the issue of sexual minorities too"'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kerala-rising-cases-of-sexual-abuse-within-the-church/1/151572.html|title=Rising cases of sexual abuse within the church in Kerala force clergy to rethink on homosexuality|website=indiatoday.intoday.in|date=17 September 2011 |access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref> In 2009, the Rev. Christopher Rajkumar, speaking for the CSI, supported civil rights for gay people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090805/jsp/frontpage/story_11322140.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808143936/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090805/jsp/frontpage/story_11322140.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 8, 2009|title=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) {{!}} Frontpage {{!}} Protestants support gay rights|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref> In 2015, St. Mark's Cathedral in Bangalore hosted an event challenging homophobia where the Rev. Vincent Rajkumar affirmed his support for LGBT rights.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thewire.in/2015/12/09/a-theological-challenge-to-christian-homophobia-16685/|title=A Theological Challenge to Christian Homophobia|last=Sitlhou|first=Makepeace|date=2015-12-09|website=The Wire|access-date=2016-05-21|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211203604/http://thewire.in/2015/12/09/a-theological-challenge-to-christian-homophobia-16685/|archive-date=2015-12-11}}</ref>  The BBC has listed the CSI as being among the churches open to blessing same-gender couples.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35278124|title=Church split over homosexuality would be a failure - Welby - BBC News|work=BBC News |date=11 January 2016 |language=en-GB|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref>

==Evangelical Methodist Church==
The [[Evangelical Methodist Church]] maintains that the biblical record condemns homosexuality as evidenced in [[Leviticus]] {{Bibleref2-nb|Leviticus|18:22}}, [[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] {{Bibleref2-nb|Romans|1:26-27}}, and [[1 Corinthians]] {{Bibleref2-nb|1 Corinthians|6:9-19}}.<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality">{{cite web|url=http://www.emchurch.org/main/?s=homosexuality#74|title=Handbook of the EMC|publisher=[[Evangelical Methodist Church]]|access-date=2009-12-03}}</ref> It teaches that homosexual practices are "[[sin]] leading to spiritual death and [[Hell in Christian beliefs|eternal punishment]].<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality"/> Nevertheless, homosexuality is no greater a sin than [[adultery]], [[murder]], [[stealing]], among others.<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality"/> As a result, non-celibate gay people are barred from becoming members of the [[Evangelical Methodist Church]]. Moreover, practicing homosexuals are prohibited from becoming candidates for [[Elder (Methodism)|ordained]] ministry.<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality"/> The Church upholds that all individuals are entitled to certain rights and protection of the [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]]; nevertheless, it opposes all civil legislation that supports homosexuality as a normal life style.<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality"/> All homosexuals who seek faith in [[Jesus Christ]] as Saviour and Lord, and cease to practice homosexual acts are welcomed into the fellowship of the Evangelical Methodist Church.<ref name="EMC-Homosexuality"/>

==Evangelical Methodist Church Conference==
The [[Evangelical Methodist Church Conference]] teaches in its Book of Discipline that homosexual practice is sinful.<ref name="EMCC2017">{{cite book |title=Evangelical Methodist Church Discipline |date=15 July 2017 |publisher=[[Evangelical Methodist Church Conference]] |language=English|pages=21–22}}</ref> It states:
{{quotation|Holy matrimony is a sacred institution of divine origin. Marriage is intended to be between one man and one woman. The Evangelical Methodist Church therefore stands against, homosexuality, bestiality, and all sexual perversion and so-called "alternative life-styles" which are an abomination to the Lord and are strongly condemned in both the Old and New Testaments. (Lev. 18:22; Lev. 20:13; Romans 1:24-28; I Cor. 6:9-10; Gal. 5:1-21) Any person practicing, supportive of or sympathetic to such actions shall not be a member of or hold office in the Evangelical Methodist Church Conference. Neither shall they participate in teaching Sunday School or any manner of ministry within the Evangelical Church Conference. No ministers practicing, supportive of, or sympathetic to such actions will be permitted to pastor any of our churches or participate in the services of the Evangelical Methodist Church Conference. We will continue to show love and compassion to all who are enslaved in sin's degradation, proclaiming full deliverance through the precious blood of Christ.<ref name="EMCC2017"/>}}

==Evangelical Wesleyan Church==
The [[Evangelical Wesleyan Church]], in ¶92.1 and ¶92.2 of its ''Discipline'', teaches that:<ref name="EWC2015">{{cite book|title=The Discipline of the Evangelical Wesleyan Church |year=2015|publisher=[[Evangelical Wesleyan Church]]|language=en|pages=64–65}}</ref>
{{blockquote|God has commanded that no intimate sexual activity be engaged in outside of a marriage between one naturally-born man and one naturally-born woman. It stands opposed to the immoral lifestyles of the day, including but not limited to homosexuality, lesbianism, transsexualism, bisexuality, bestiality, incest, fornication, adultery, pornography, polygamy, bigamy, and living together without legally being married, realizing that these are sinful perversions of God's gracious gifts to mankind. Further, it believes that God disapproves of and forbids any attempt to alter one's gender by surgery or appearance. (Gen. 2:24; Gen. 19:5, 13; Gen. 26:8-9; Lev. 18:1-30; Rom. 1:26-29; I Cor. 5:1, 6-9, I Thess. 4:1-8; Heb. 13:4.) It does not condemn the individual but rejects the practices which are condemned by the Bible as unacceptable conduct. The church believes it is a free right to publicly express this Scriptural position (Romans 1:21-27, Leviticus 18:22). Any current member who becomes engaged in such behaviors shall be considered as having voluntarily withdrawn from membership. The Evangelical Wesleyan Church, Inc., does not recognize the marriage or civil unions between persons of the same sex. All its ministers are expressly forbidden to perform a marriage ceremony between persons of the same gender. A marriage ceremony between persons of the same sex may not be performed in any Evangelical Wesleyan Church or church-related facility.<ref name="EWC2015"/>}}

==Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches==
The [[Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches]] teaches that it is "committed to upholding and defending the doctrines of the Word of God, including the traditional Biblical teaching on marriage."<ref name="Park2023">{{cite web |last1=Park |first1=William R. |title=A Statement on behalf of The Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches |url=http://www.fimc.info/ |publisher=[[Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches]] |access-date=6 May 2024 |date=2023}}</ref>

==Free Methodist Church==
As stated in the ''[[Book of Discipline]]'' (A/342) of the [[Free Methodist Church]], it believes and teaches that {{blockquote|Homosexual behavior, as all sexual deviation, is a [[perversion]] of God's [[Genesis creation myth|created order]] (Genesis 1-3). The [[Christian views of marriage|sanctity of marriage]] and the family is to be preserved against all manner of [[immoral]] conduct (Exodus 22:16-17; Deuteronomy 22:23-28; Leviticus 20:10-16), thus the Free Methodist Church does not recognize the legitimacy or participation in the practice of [[same-sex marriage]].

Homosexual behavior is contrary to the will of God as clearly stated in [[Bible|Scripture]] (Leviticus 18:22; 20:13; Romans 1:26-27; 1 Corinthians 6:9-10; 1 Timothy 1:8-10).

Persons with homosexual inclinations are accountable to God for their behavior (Romans 14:12).

The [[Forgiveness#Christianity|forgiving]] and [[Salvation|delivering]] [[Divine grace|grace]] of God in [[Christ]] is all-sufficient for the homosexual (1 John 1:9; Hebrews 7:25; Luke 4:18; 1 Corinthians 6:9-11).
The Church has a personal and corporate responsibility to be God's instrument of healing, restoring love to the homosexual seeking recovery of [[Christianity|Christian]] conduct and life-style (2 Corinthians 2:7-8).

The church opposes legislation which makes homosexual conduct or life-style legitimate.<ref name="FMC - Christian Conduct">{{cite web|url=http://www.freemethodistchurch.org/Sections/About%20Us/Beliefs/Christian%20Life/Christian%20Conduct/Christian%20Conduct%203.htm|title=The Christian Life - Christian Conduct|publisher=Free Methodist Church|access-date=2008-05-16|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513181703/http://www.freemethodistchurch.org/Sections/About%20Us/Beliefs/Christian%20Life/Christian%20Conduct/Christian%20Conduct%203.htm|archive-date=2008-05-13}}</ref>}}

== Italian Methodist Church ==
The [[Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches]], of which the [[Italian Methodist Church]] is a part, voted in 2010 to bless same-sex relationships.<ref name="Italy">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pcusa.org/news/2010/9/7/italian-protestants-approve-same-sex-blessings/|title=Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) - News & Announcements - Italian Protestants approve same-sex blessings|last=(U.S.A.)|first=Presbyterian Church|date=2010-09-07|website=www.pcusa.org|language=en|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref> LGBT-affirming church leaders said "the references to homosexuality in the Bible needed to be understood taking into account issue of culture and interpretation, to avoid the danger of Biblical fundamentalism."<ref name="Italy" />

==Methodist Church of Great Britain==
At the annual Methodist Conference in 1993 in Derby, following long debate at all levels of the Church's life on the basis of a detailed report, the [[Methodist Church of Great Britain|British Methodist Church]] considered the issues of [[human sexuality]].<ref name="The Methodist Church of Great Britain- Human Sexuality">{{cite web|url=http://www.methodist.org.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=opentogod.content&cmid=1547 |title=Human Sexuality |publisher=The Methodist Church of Great Britain |access-date=2008-05-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023044509/http://www.methodist.org.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=opentogod.content&cmid=1547 |archive-date=2007-10-23 }}</ref><ref name="UMC - British Methodists reject blessing of same-sex relationships">{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/site/c.gjJTJbMUIuE/b.1827285/k.B985/British_Methodists_reject_blessing_of_samesex_relationships.htm|title=British Methodists reject blessing of same-sex relationships|publisher=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2007-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914134747/http://www.umc.org/site/c.gjJTJbMUIuE/b.1827285/k.B985/British_Methodists_reject_blessing_of_samesex_relationships.htm|archive-date=2016-09-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Derby Conference in 1993 passed a series of Resolutions which still stand. These resolutions are as follows:<ref name="The Methodist Church of Great Britain- Human Sexuality"/>
# The Conference, affirming the joy of human sexuality as God's gift and the place of every human being within the grace of God, recognises the responsibility that flows from this for us all. It therefore welcomes the serious, prayerful and sometimes costly consideration given to this issue by The Methodist Church.
# All practices of sexuality, which are promiscuous, exploitative or demeaning in any way are unacceptable forms of behaviour and contradict God's purpose for us all.
# A person shall not be debarred from church on the grounds of sexual orientation in itself.
# The Conference reaffirms the traditional teaching of the Church on human sexuality; namely [[chastity]] for all outside marriage and [[fidelity]] within it. The Conference directs that this affirmation is made clear to all candidates for ministry, office and membership, and having established this, affirm that the existing procedures of our church are adequate to deal with all such cases.
# The Conference resolves that its decision in this debate shall not be used to form the basis of a disciplinary charge against any person in relation to conduct alleged to have taken place before such decisions were made.
# Conference recognises, affirms and celebrates the participation and ministry of lesbians and gay men in the church. Conference calls on the Methodist people to begin a pilgrimage of faith to combat repression and discrimination, to work for justice and human rights and to give dignity and worth to people whatever their sexuality.

In 2005, the church voted "to offer the prospect of blessing services for same-sex couples", but in 2006 the church voted to step back but did offer "informal, private prayers to couples".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://outcomeonline.org.uk/?p=187|title=Methodist Church votes on same sex blessings|website=outcomeonline.org.uk|access-date=2016-05-20}}</ref> In 2013, the denomination initiated a consultation on blessing same-sex marriages,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/10484097/Methodist-Church-begins-mass-consultation-on-gay-marriage.html|title=Methodist Church begins mass consultation on gay marriage|website=Telegraph.co.uk|date=29 November 2013 |access-date=2016-05-20}}</ref> and, in 2014, after same-sex marriage became legal, the Methodist Church decided in favor of allowing ministers to celebrate same-sex couples entering into civil marriages.<ref name="Church Times">{{cite web|last1=Drake|first1=Gavin|title=Methodists may bless but not marry same-sex couples|url=http://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2014/11-july/news/uk/methodists-may-bless-but-not-marry-same-sex-couples|website=www.churchtimes.co.uk|publisher=Church Times|access-date=November 30, 2015}}</ref>> Also in 2014, "the Conference resolved that its previous ruling that there was no reason per se to prevent anyone within the Church, ordained or lay, from entering into or remaining within a civil partnership, should also extend to those entering into legally contracted same-sex marriages".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.methodist.org.uk/news-and-events/news-releases/methodist-conference-receives-report-on-same-sex-marriage|title=Methodist Conference receives report on same-sex marriage|website=www.methodist.org.uk|access-date=2016-08-09}}</ref>

The denomination officially stated that Methodists may enter into same-sex marriages and that "prayers of thanksgiving or celebration may be said, and there may be informal services of thanksgiving or celebration".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.methodist.org.uk/who-we-are/views-of-the-church/human-sexuality/talking-of-marriage-and-relationships/frequently-asked-questions-marriage-and-relationships|title=Frequently Asked Questions - Marriage and Relationships|website=www.methodist.org.uk|access-date=2016-07-09|archive-date=2016-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915014605/http://www.methodist.org.uk/who-we-are/views-of-the-church/human-sexuality/talking-of-marriage-and-relationships/frequently-asked-questions-marriage-and-relationships|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 3 July 2019, the British Methodist Conference voted by 247 votes to 48 to allow [[same-sex marriage]]s in British Methodist churches that approve.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2019/5-july/news/uk/methodists-move-towards-conducting-same-sex-marriages|title=Methodists move towards conducting same-sex marriages|website=www.churchtimes.co.uk|access-date=2019-07-05}}</ref>

On 30 June 2021, the Conference voted to reaffirm the resolution of the 2019 Conference, and consented in principle to the marriage of same-sex couples on Methodist premises and by Methodist ministers and other authorised officers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/MethodistGB/status/1410198620482248704 |title=The Conference has consented in principle to the marriage of... |website=Twitter |date=June 30, 2021 |author=The Methodist Church |access-date=July 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.methodist.org.uk/media/21969/conf-2021-59-marriage-and-relationships-provisional-resolutions-updated.pdf#page=26|title=Conference 2021 Agenda Volume 3: Marriage and Relationships: Provisional Resolutions|access-date=2021-06-30}}</ref> The traditionalist caucus, Methodist Evangelicals Together, opposed the decision.<ref name="EF2021">{{cite web |title=UK Methodist church approves same - sex marriage and affirms cohabitation |url=https://evangelicalfocus.com/europe/12319/uk-methodist-church-approves-same-sex-marriage-and-affirms-cohabitation |publisher=Evangelical Focus |access-date=3 July 2021 |language=English |date=2 July 2021}}</ref>

== Methodist Church of New Zealand ==
The [[Methodist Church of New Zealand]], since 2004, has approved of ordaining openly gay and lesbian ministers, and the denomination allows each local congregation to determine its own policy on the issue.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=3591533|title=Methodists say yes to ordaining homosexuals|date=2004-09-15|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|language=en-NZ|issn=1170-0777|access-date=2016-04-13}}</ref> In 2013, when same-sex marriage was legalized in New Zealand, congregations that opted to do so were able to perform same-sex marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.baybuzz.co.nz/archives/6830/4/|title=Gay Marriage Coming to the Bay|website=www.baybuzz.co.nz|access-date=2016-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122053751/http://www.baybuzz.co.nz/archives/6830/4/|archive-date=2015-01-22|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Methodist Church of Peru ==
The [[Methodist Church of Peru]], an autonomous affiliate of the United Methodist Church, has agreed to discuss the issue of homosexuality and the blessing of same-gender unions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iglesiametodista.org.pe/index.php/noticias/noticias-nacionales/74-acuerdos-de-la-jnc|title=Iglesia Metodista del Perú - Acuerdos de la JNC|last=Oshige|first=Fernando|website=www.iglesiametodista.org.pe|access-date=2016-05-27}}</ref> Generally, the denomination is considered to be a progressive church in Peru.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://revistaargumentos.iep.org.pe/articulos/iglesias-y-diversidad-sexual-en-el-peru-contemporaneo/|title=Iglesias y diversidad sexual en el Perú contemporáneo - Revista Argumentos|website=Revista Argumentos|language=es-ES|access-date=2016-05-27|archive-date=2016-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625144548/http://revistaargumentos.iep.org.pe/articulos/iglesias-y-diversidad-sexual-en-el-peru-contemporaneo/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Methodist Church of Southern Africa ==
The [[Methodist Church of Southern Africa]] spoke out against laws criminalizing homosexuality, and, in particular, condemned the anti-homosexuality laws proposed in Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.methodist.org.za/news/02262014-1831|title=Methodists Condemn Uganda Anti- Homosexuality Law {{!}} The Methodist Church of Southern Africa|website=www.methodist.org.za|access-date=2016-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508123213/http://www.methodist.org.za/news/02262014-1831|archive-date=2016-05-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> Currently, the denomination is discussing how to approach the issue of same-gender relationships.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.methodist.org.za/blog/conference-address-2013-01172014-1304|title=Conference Address 2013 {{!}} The Methodist Church of Southern Africa|website=www.methodist.org.za|access-date=2016-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501153521/http://www.methodist.org.za/blog/conference-address-2013-01172014-1304|archive-date=2016-05-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>  Currently, “Conference recognises that any decision and subsequent action on the issue of civil unions between same sex partners must await the outcome of the ongoing process of engagement as specified by Conference 2005 and, in the interim, expects Methodist Ministers to continue to offer pastoral care to homosexual individuals."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2013-05-23-the-curious-case-of-the-pastor-punished-for-honesty/|title=The curious case of the pastor punished for honesty {{!}} Daily Maverick|website=www.dailymaverick.co.za|date=22 May 2013 |language=en|access-date=2017-05-10}}</ref> Several courts have concluded that the church's policies are currently accepting of same-sex relationships as long as they are not 'marriages'. In 2020, the MCSA decided that it would not allow ministers to perform same-sex marriages, but also decided that it would not prevent its members, lay or ordained, from entering into a same-sex civil union.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-08|title=SA Methodist Church won't 'prevent' members entering into same-sex unions|url=https://www.mambaonline.com/2020/10/08/sa-methodist-church-wont-prevent-members-entering-into-same-sex-unions/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=MambaOnline - Gay South Africa online|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-08|title=Methodist Church change stance and affirm the rights of all LGBTQI+|url=https://www.goodthingsguy.com/business/methodist-church-change-stance-and-affirm-the-rights-of-all-lgbtqi-south-africans/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=Good Things Guy|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-09|title=Methodist Church of SA 'clarifies' position on gay marriage {{!}} gatewaynews.co.za|url=https://gatewaynews.co.za/methodist-same-sex-marriage/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=gatewaynews.co.za {{!}} South African Christian News: Telling the God Stories of Africa}}</ref>

In 2013, the Western Cape High Court found that "the Methodist Church did not have a rule prohibiting its ministers from marrying someone of the same sex".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Church-didnt-have-same-sex-marriage-rule-20130521|title=No same-sex marriage rule in church|access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref> Additionally, in 2015, another court determined that the denomination "even accepts same-sex relationships (as long as such relationships are not solemnised by marriage), which means it is not at the core of the Church’s beliefs".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2015-11-24-the-methodist-church-is-confused-and-irrational/#.V5Ml3LQ-CT8|title=The Methodist Church is confused and irrational {{!}} Daily Maverick|website=www.dailymaverick.co.za|date=24 November 2015 |access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref> At the Constitutional Court, the church stated that the church "tolerates homosexual relationships but requires its ministers not to enter into same-sex marriages."<ref name="Court">{{Cite web|url=http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZACC/2015/35.html|title=De Lange v Presiding Bishop of the Methodist Church of Southern Africa for the time being and Another (CCT223/14) [2015] ZACC 35; 2016 (<span class="ltr">1</span>) BCLR 1 (<span class="ltr">CC</span>); 2016 (<span class="ltr">2</span>) SA 1 (<span class="ltr">CC</span>) |date=November 24, 2015 |website=www.saflii.org|access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> The Church allowed [gay ministers] to be in a homosexual relationship whilst being a minister, and allowed [a gay minister] to stay in the Church’s manse with [<span class="ltr">a</span>] partner, but drew the line at recognising her same-sex marriage."<ref name="Court" />

== Methodist Church of Uruguay ==
The church, part of the [[Evangelical Church of Uruguay in Uruguay|Evangelical Church of Uruguay]], "has a ministry with persons of diverse sexual orientations".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/methodist-church-of-uruguay|title=Methodist Church of Uruguay — World Council of Churches|website=www.oikoumene.org|date=January 1971 |language=en|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref> The denomination "resolved that pastors that wish to minister to homosexuals could do so freely".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.laotravozdigital.com/discriminacion-sexual-avances-y-retrocesos-de-las-iglesias-protestantes-historicas/|title=DISCRIMINACIÓN SEXUAL: AVANCES Y RETROCESOS DE LAS IGLESIAS PROTESTANTES HISTÓRICAS - La Otra Voz Digital|website=La Otra Voz Digital|date=29 April 2010 |access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref> Since then, some congregations have provided blessing services for same-gender couples.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.republica.com.uy/bendecidos-por-el-clerigo/519053/|title=Bendecidos por el clérigo Frontán|date=2015-05-31|website=Diario La República|language=es-ES|access-date=2016-05-27}}</ref>

==Primitive Methodist Church==
The [[Primitive Methodist Church]] teaches that the practice of homosexuality is positively forbidden by Scripture, specifically in [[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] 1:26-27 and [[Book of Leviticus|Leviticus]] 18:22; 20:13.<ref name="PMC - Chapter Eight of The Discipline"/> With regards to [[Christian views of marriage|marriage]], the Primitive Methodist Church believes it to involve the total commitment of one man and one woman.<ref name="PMC - Chapter Eight of The Discipline">{{cite web|url=http://www.primitivemethodistchurch.org/chapter8.html|title=CHAPTER EIGHT OF THE DISCIPLINE|publisher=[[Primitive Methodist Church]]|access-date=30 May 2017}}</ref>

== United Church of Canada ==
The United Church of Canada, a member of the [[World Methodist Council]], is a united church which resulted from the merger of multiple denominations including Methodists. The denomination is supportive of LGBT inclusion. The church ordains openly gay and lesbian clergy, and, in 2012, elected its first openly gay moderator to lead the whole denomination.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vancouversun.com/life/Vancouver+reverend+elected+United+Church+Canada+first+openly+moderator/7102657/story.html|title=Vancouver reverend elected United Church of Canada's first openly gay moderator|last=Butler|first=Don|website=www.vancouversun.com|access-date=2016-05-21|archive-date=2016-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625010142/http://www.vancouversun.com/life/vancouver+reverend+elected+united+church+canada+first+openly+moderator/7102657/story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since 2003, the UCC has supported same-gender marriage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/united-church-endorses-gay-marriage-1.357106|title=United Church endorses gay marriage|website=www.cbc.ca|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref>

==United Methodist Church==

=== 1968-2000 ===
[[File:Twin Cities Pride- Gay Methodist minister interview.webm|thumb|"Through the labyrinth of booths at the [[Twin Cities Pride|Twin Cities Pride Festival]], Faith Forward MN wove its way on Sunday to a row of faith-based organizations. There, we found a stream of interesting stories and perspectives of progressive faith. Here, you'll meet an ordained Methodist minister barred by the United Methodist Church from leading a congregation of his own."]]

Following the merger creating the United Methodist Church in 1968, the first United Methodist clergy to be defrocked due to being homosexual was [[Gene Leggett]], in 1971.

In 1972 the [[United Methodist Church]] added language to its ''[[Book of Discipline of The United Methodist Church]]'' that "homosexual persons no less than heterosexual persons are individuals of sacred worth."<ref name="UMC - Sexuality">{{cite web|url=http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=1728|title=Human Sexuality|publisher=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2008-05-16}}</ref> The originally proposed statement ended there; however, this phrase struggled to pass. Don Hand, a delegate from Southwest Texas, suggested that the period be turned into a comma followed by the phrase "though we do not condone the practice of homosexuality and consider this practice incompatible with Christian doctrine," which passed with only the change of the word doctrine to the word teaching.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sledge|first=Robert W.|date=April 2017|title=The Saddest Day: Gene Leggett and the Origins of the Incompatible Clause|url=http://archives.gcah.org/bitstream/handle/10516/9938/Methodist-History-2017-04-Sledge.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|journal=Methodist History|volume=55|issue=3|pages=145–179 |doi=10.5325/methodisthist.55.3.0145 |s2cid=125439375 }}</ref> In 2024 this statement was removed from the Church’s teachings.<ref>https://apnews.com/article/methodists-lgbtq-samesex-marriage-gay-rights-e3a7677a3b025b07211153179727c255</ref>

In 1982, [[Julian Rush]] was assigned by Bishop [[Melvin E. Wheatley]] to a church in Denver as an openly gay man. Wheatley was accused of heresy for making the appointment, but survived the controversy.<ref name="Wheatley-Obit">{{cite news |author-last1=Woo |author-first1=Elran  |date=15 March 2009 |orig-date= |title=Melvin E. Wheatley dies at 93; Methodist bishop caused a stir by appointing gay pastor |script-title= |trans-title= |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-mar-15-me-melvin-wheatley15-story.html |work=Los Angeles Times |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |edition= |location=Los Angeles, California |publisher= |publication-date= |agency= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=9 March 2024 |via= |url-access=subscription |quote=In 1980 he broke with fellow bishops when he refused to support their joint statement calling homosexuality “incompatible with Christian teaching.” Two years later, he appointed an openly gay pastor, the Rev. Julian Rush, to a Denver church and was accused of heresy but was absolved by a national church panel.}}</ref>

From 1984 until 2024, the Church officially forbade  "self-avowed practicing homosexuals" from being ordained or appointed as ministers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Peter |date=2024-05-01 |title=United Methodists repeal longstanding ban on LGBTQ clergy |url=https://apnews.com/article/united-methodist-lgbtq-clergy-general-conference-acabe18fe22b6838e3005ad8895534fa |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref><ref>[https://www.umnews.org/en/news/40-year-ban-on-gay-clergy-struck-down UMNews.org: 40-year ban on gay clergy struck down]</ref>

In 1987, Methodist minister Rose Mary Denman was defrocked for being openly gay.<ref name="New York Times">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/03/national/03trial.html?ex=1259730000&en=2bf3ceb5ddafc10e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland|title=United Methodists Move to Defrock Lesbian|work=New York Times|access-date=2008-05-16 | first=Neela | last=Banerjee | date=2004-12-03}}</ref>

=== 2000s ===
In 2005, clergy credentials were removed from [[Irene Elizabeth Stroud]] after she was convicted in a church trial of violating Church law by engaging in a lesbian relationship; this conviction was later upheld by the Church Judicial Council, the highest court in the Church.<ref name="Religious Tolerance - Homosexuality UMC">{{cite web|url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_umc10.htm |title=United Methodist Church (UMC): The trial of Irene Elizabeth Stroud |publisher=Religious Tolerance|access-date=2008-05-16}}</ref>

The Church supports "…laws in civil society that define marriage as the union of one man and one woman."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5066287&ct=6467513&notoc=1 |title=Marriage |website=The people of The United Methodist Church |publisher=United Methodist Church |access-date=July 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718005817/http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5066287&ct=6467513&notoc=1 |archive-date=July 18, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="UMC—Homosexuality">{{cite web|url=http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=1324|title=What is the denomination's position on homosexuality?|publisher=The United Methodist Church|access-date=June 24, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 6, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060406133903/http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=1324}}</ref><ref name="BOD-sp">''Book of Discipline 2008'', "Social Principles, ¶161.B "</ref>

Based on its teaching, the United Methodist Church previously officially prohibited the [[Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches|blessing of weddings]] of same-sex couples by its clergy and in its [[Church (building)|churches]].<ref name="UMC - Homosexuality">{{cite web|title=What is the denomination's position on homosexuality?|url=http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=1324|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209051506/http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=1324|archive-date=2012-12-09|access-date=2008-05-16|publisher=The United Methodist Church}}</ref> As officiating at a same-sex wedding was potentially a chargeable offense, numerous ministers were put on trial and many [[defrocked]].<ref name="UMC - Chargeable Offenses">{{cite web|url=http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?ptid=3&mid=5711 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416065428/http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?ptid=3&mid=5711 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-04-16 |title=¶ 2702. Chargeable Offenses and the Statute of Limitations |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=2008-05-16 }}</ref> [[Frank Schaefer (minister)|Frank Schaefer]] was defrocked and penalized because in 2007 he had officiated his son's same-sex wedding, but in 2014, he was re-instated as "the denomination's top court upheld a June decision by a regional appeals committee to reinstate Schaefer's ministerial credentials."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bloom |first=Linda |date=Oct 27, 2014 |title=Top court affirms Schaefer's reinstatement as clergy |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/top-court-affirms-schaefers-reinstatement-as-clergy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528211217/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/top-court-affirms-schaefers-reinstatement-as-clergy |archive-date=May 28, 2016 |access-date=May 20, 2016 |work=UM News |publisher=The United Methodist Church}}</ref> The Rev. Val Roseqnuist and retired Bishop Melvin Talbert officiated a same-sex marriage in 2016 and reached a 'just resolution' regarding that, avoiding a church trial.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.charlotteobserver.com/living/religion/article100229657.html|title=Charlotte pastor who married same-sex couple will keep job, avoid church trial|access-date=2016-09-07}}</ref><ref>https://www.umnews.org/en/news/pastor-avoids-church-trial-in-same-sex-wedding</ref>

Clergy were previously officially prohibited from overseeing the vows or signing the union or marriage license for same-sex marriages, only allowed to offer the premarital counseling, prayers, and the homily at the wedding, and read the scriptures.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/religion/2019/03/29/us-methodist-leaders-lay-plans-resist-anti-gay-marriage-vote/|title=U.S. Methodist leaders lay plans to resist vote against same-sex marriage|last=Zauzmer|first=Julie|date=March 29, 2019|newspaper=Washington Post }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.flumc.org/newsdetail/931440|title=Bishop's statement on same-gender weddings|website=www.flumc.org|language=en|access-date=2019-03-29}}</ref> On April 30, 2008, at the [[General conference (United Methodist Church)|General Conference]], delegates adopted even more conservative language, stating that Christians are called to "responsible stewardship of this sacred gift" of sexuality and that "sexual relations are affirmed only within the covenant of monogamous, heterosexual marriage."<ref name="UMC - Calendar Item 1186">{{cite web|url=http://calms.umc.org/2008/Text.aspx?mode=Minority&Number=1186 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728142124/http://calms.umc.org/2008/Text.aspx?mode=Minority&Number=1186 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-07-28 |title=Calendar Item 1186 |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=2008-05-16 }}</ref> Still, in 2015, the Connectional Table, a general agency of the UMC, proposed a localized option that would permit ministers to officiate same-sex weddings and conferences to ordain openly gay clergy; the Connectional Table, however, cannot legislate church law (a right reserved to the General Conference) and their suggestion was rejected by three-fourths of the delegates at the 2016 General Conference.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Connectional Table votes to submit legislation proposal related to homosexuality|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/connectional-table-votes-to-submit-legislation-related-to-homosexuality|website=www.umc.org|publisher=United Methodist Church|access-date=November 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=UMC Connectional Table Solidifies Commitments to Exclusive Western Liberalism|last=Lomperis|first=John|date=20 December 2017|publisher=Juicy Ecumenism|language=en|access-date=18 June 2018|url=https://juicyecumenism.com/2017/12/20/umc-connectional-table-solidifies-commitments-exclusive-western-liberalism/}}</ref>

As a result of decisions made in April 2008 and August 2009,<ref name="UMC - Lutheran-United Methodist dialogue timeline">{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content3.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5259669&ct=7305103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823133108/http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content3.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5259669&ct=7305103 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-08-23 |title=Lutheran-United Methodist dialogue timeline |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=2009-11-25 }}</ref> the United Methodist Church entered into [[full communion]] with the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in America]].<ref name="Christian Post- ELCA Delegates OK Full Communion with UMC">{{cite web|url=http://www.christianpost.com/article/20090821/elca-delegates-ok-full-communion-with-umc/index.html|title=ELCA Delegates OK Full Communion with UMC|date=21 August 2009 |publisher=[[The Christian Post]]|access-date=2009-11-25}}</ref> The latter denomination allowed individuals in committed homosexual relationships to serve as [[Minister (Christianity)|ministers]],<ref name="CARM- The ELCA, homosexuality, and apostasy">{{cite web|url=http://www.carm.org/elca-and-homosexuality|title=The ELCA, homosexuality, and apostasy|publisher=[[Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry]]|access-date=2009-11-25}}</ref> while the United Methodist Church requires gay clergy to remain [[Clerical celibacy|celibate]].<ref name="UMC - Ecumenical pact does not open door to gay clergy">{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5398307&ct=7321637 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416015835/http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5398307&ct=7321637 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-04-16 |title=Ecumenical pact does not open door to gay clergy |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=2009-11-25 }}</ref> Despite the fact that full communion allows for the interchangeability of all ordained ministers between the two denominations,<ref name="BCNN1 - United Methodist Church says No to Lutheran Homosexual Clergy">{{cite web|url=http://blackchristiannews.com/news/2009/08/united-methodist-church-says-no-to-lutheran-homosexual-clergy.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304215545/http://blackchristiannews.com/news/2009/08/united-methodist-church-says-no-to-lutheran-homosexual-clergy.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-03-04 |title=United Methodist Church says No to Lutheran Homosexual Clergy |publisher=Black Christian News |access-date=2009-11-25 }}</ref> Lutheran clergy who are involved in homosexual activity were prohibited to serve in the United Methodist Church in order to uphold the integrity of United Methodist ministerial standards.<ref name="UMC - Ecumenical pact does not open door to gay clergy"/> Nevertheless, the UMC had a more ambiguous policy regarding the ordination of transgender pastors and, in 2008, the Judicial Council ruled that each regional conference could determine their own policy; as a result, some conferences ordained transgender pastors.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bartolone|first1=Pauline|title=Methodists Vote to Keep Transgender Pastors|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/bryantpark/2007/10/methodists_vote_to_keep_transg.html|website=www.npr.org|publisher=NPR|access-date=November 30, 2015}}</ref>

Several [[grassroots]] organizations not officially recognized by the United Methodist Church have also formed around positions on issues relating to homosexuality.  The [[Confessing Movement|Confessing Movement within the United Methodist Church]] seeks to continue to protect the United Methodist Church's current stance on homosexuality, if not make it more rigid. Moreover, another movement, ''Transforming Congregations'', is a Methodist [[ex-gay]] ministry whose purpose is to "equip the local church to model and minister sanctified sexuality through biblical instruction, personal and public witness, and compassionate outreach.<ref name="Transforming Congregations">{{cite web|url=http://www.transformingcong.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991114235730/http://www.transformingcong.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=1999-11-14 |title=Our Purpose |publisher=Transforming Congregations |access-date=2008-05-16 }}</ref> Meanwhile, the [[Reconciling Ministries Network]] seeks to change the United Methodist Church's current teaching on homosexuality in order to make the church more inclusive of [[LGBT]] people.<ref name="RMN-Our Mission">{{cite web|url=http://www.rmnetwork.org/mission.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219214254/http://rmnetwork.org/mission.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-02-19 |title=Our Mission |publisher=Reconciling Ministries Network |access-date=2008-05-16 }}</ref> At the 2008 General Conference of the United Methodist Church, it was decided that the Church would retain its views on homosexuality.<ref name="ENI-Homosexuality">{{cite web|url=http://www.eni.ch/featured/article.php?id=1867 |title=Methodists yes to full communion with Lutherans; no on gay change |publisher=Ecumenical News International |access-date=2008-05-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109084955/http://www.eni.ch/featured/article.php?id=1867 |archive-date=2009-01-09 }}</ref>

=== 2010s ===
At the General Conference in 2016, the delegates deferred the issue of human sexuality to the Council of Bishops in what has been described as a "'historic action'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thinkprogress.org/lgbt/2016/05/18/3779705/united-methodist-church-has-a-new-method/|title=United Methodist Church Takes 'Historic Action' Toward LGBT Equality|website=ThinkProgress|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref>

In 2016, the Judicial Council further ruled against mandatory penalties for clergy leaving the current options in place.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://unitedmethodistreporter.com/2016/05/19/judicial-council-rules-against-mandatory-penalties-in-just-resolutions/|title=Judicial Council rules against mandatory penalties in Just Resolutions|last=Voorhees|first=Jay|date=May 19, 2016|work=The United Methodist Reporter|access-date=May 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520210717/http://unitedmethodistreporter.com/2016/05/19/judicial-council-rules-against-mandatory-penalties-in-just-resolutions/|archive-date=May 20, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nevertheless, the United Methodist Church "implore[<span class="ltr">s</span>] families and churches not to reject or condemn lesbian and gay members and friends" and commits itself to be in [[Christian ministry|ministry]] with all persons, affirming that God's [[Grace (Christianity)|grace]], love, and forgiveness is available to all.<ref name="UMC—Sexuality">{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5066287&ct=6467529|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514034147/http://www.umc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content.aspx?c=lwL4KnN1LtH&b=5066287&ct=6467529|title=Human Sexuality|publisher=The United Methodist Church|archive-date=May 14, 2012|access-date=September 18, 2011|quote=The United Methodist Church does not condone the practice of homosexuality and consider this practice incompatible with Christian teaching. We affirm that God's grace is available to all. We will seek to live together in Christian community, welcoming, forgiving, and loving one another, as Christ has loved and accepted us. We implore families and churches not to reject or condemn lesbian and gay members and friends. We commit ourselves to be in ministry for and with all persons}}</ref> Also, while "clergy cannot preside over the wedding ceremony...bishops say, clergy can assist same-gender couples in finding other venues for their wedding; provide pre-marital counseling; attend the ceremony; read Scripture, pray or offer a homily."<ref>{{Cite web |first=Heather |last=Hahn |date=June 30, 2015 |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishops-offer-advice-after-gay-marriage-ruling |title=Bishops offer advice after gay marriage ruling |work=UM News |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=May 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611010359/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishops-offer-advice-after-gay-marriage-ruling |archive-date=June 11, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The denomination also, for non-ordained employees, decided that "now same-sex spouses of some church employees can receive church benefits" if the state or country allows same-sex marriage.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://religionnews.com/2014/04/29/methodists-approve-sex-marriage-benefits/ |title=Methodists Approve Same-Sex Marriage Benefits|website=Religion News Service|date=April 29, 2014|access-date=June 21, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/29/methodist-same-sex-marriage-benefits_n_5235596.html |title=Methodist Church Approves Same-Sex Marriage Benefits|last=Service|first=Lauren Markoe Religion News|date=April 29, 2014|website=The Huffington Post|access-date=June 21, 2016}}</ref>

In 2016, after General Conference, several [[Annual Conferences of the United Methodist Church|Annual Conferences]] voted in favor of non-discrimination clauses that effectively allowed LGBTQ clergy and which indicated that those conferences would refuse to participate in any church trials in which people were being tried for being an active homosexual. The Baltimore-Washington, California-Nevada, California-Pacific, Desert Southwest, New England, New York, Northern Illinois, and Oregon-Idaho Annual Conferences voted in favor of full inclusion for LGBTQ members and clergy.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gadoua|first1=Renee K.|title=United Methodist conferences petition denomination on behalf of LGBT rights|url=http://www.religionnews.com/2015/06/17/united-methodist-conferences-petition-denomination-behalf-lgbt-rights/|website=www.religionnews.com|date=17 June 2015 |publisher=Religion News Service|access-date=November 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/two-conferences-vote-for-full-inclusion-of-lgbtq|title=Two conferences vote for full inclusion of LGBTQ - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-06-20|archive-date=2016-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620184448/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/two-conferences-vote-for-full-inclusion-of-lgbtq|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyac.com/newsdetail/new-england-south-georgia-differ-on-gay-clergy-5073383|title=New England, South Georgia differ on gay clergy|website=www.nyac.com|access-date=2016-06-20}}</ref> Additionally, the Virginia Annual Conference voted to petition the UMC to allow LGBTQ clergy and same-gender marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/united-methodist-bodys-support-for-pro-gay-petition-saying-homosexuality-is-part-of-gods-creation-wont-influence-churchs-ban-say-theological-conservatives-140797/|title=United Methodist Body's Pro-Gay Petition Saying Homosexuality Is Part of 'God's Creation' Won't Influence Church's Ban, Say Theological Conservatives|website=Christian Post|date=25 June 2015 |access-date=2016-06-20}}</ref> The Rocky Mountain Annual Conference voted to not consider sexual orientation when electing a bishop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rmcumc.org/petitionsruleselections|title=Rocky Mountain Conference: Rules, Petitions & Elections|last=River|first=Brick|website=www.rmcumc.org|access-date=2016-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624184439/http://www.rmcumc.org/petitionsruleselections|archive-date=2016-06-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2015, the Great Plains and Greater New Jersey Conferences voted to petition the UMC to allow same-gender marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kansas.com/living/religion/article24139798.html|title=Kansas, Nebraska United Methodists support change to homosexual doctrines|website=kansas|access-date=2016-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mississippi-umc.org/newsdetail/news-poll-racism-voted-top-2015-story-3216914|title=The Mississippi Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church|website=www.mississippi-umc.org|access-date=2016-06-20}}</ref> In 2014, the Social and Ethics Ministry of the Central Conference in Germany supported an initiative to propose steps toward the full inclusion of LGBT people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.emk.at/blog/debatte-%C3%BCber-homosexualit%C3%A4t-geht-weiter|title=Debatte über Homosexualität geht weiter {{!}} Evangelisch-methodistische Kirche in Österreich|website=www.emk.at|access-date=2016-06-20|archive-date=2021-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417121157/https://emk.at/blog/debatte-%C3%BCber-homosexualit%C3%A4t-geht-weiter|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2012, the Minnesota Conference had voted to oppose bans on same-gender marriage, and the Illinois Great Rivers and West Michigan Conferences voted that it "expressed sadness" at the actions of 2012 General Conference, and the Arkansas Annual Conference voted to encourage respect for multiple perspectives on human sexuality.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/conferences-reject-churchs-stance-on-gays|title=Conferences reject church's stance on gays - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-06-20|archive-date=2018-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624090213/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/conferences-reject-churchs-stance-on-gays|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Detroit, Upper New York, and Wisconsin Conferences also supported resolutions supporting allowing same-gender marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://umc-gbcs.org/faith-in-action/annual-conferences-report|title=Annual conferences report {{!}} gbcs|website=umc-gbcs.org|access-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703133602/http://umc-gbcs.org/faith-in-action/annual-conferences-report|archive-date=2016-07-03|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bishop Christian Alsted of the Nordic and Baltic Episcopal Area shared that some of the conferences within his region support same-sex marriage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/sexuality-panel-displays-churchs-global-variation|title=Sexuality panel displays church's global variation - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-07-01}}</ref> Within the jurisdictions, the Western Jurisdiction and the North Central Jurisdiction have nominated three openly gay candidates for bishop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://religionnews.com/2016/06/28/methodists-nominate-3-openly-gay-candidates-for-bishop/|title=Methodists nominate 3 openly gay candidates for bishop|last=Emily|first=More by|website=Religion News Service|date=28 June 2016 |access-date=2016-06-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/faith_and_values/2016/07/01/ohioan-among-3-openly-gay-united-methodist-ministers-in-u-s--up-for-bishop.html|title=Ohioan among 3 openly gay United Methodist ministers in U.S. up for bishop|access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> The Northeastern Jurisdiction passed a resolution supporting same-sex marriage and the ordination of openly gay and lesbian clergy, with the New York body ordaining the first openly gay and lesbian clergy in the denomination.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/resolution-recommends-letting-regional-bodies-adapt-discipline|title=Resolution recommends letting regional bodies adapt Discipline - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921100403/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/resolution-recommends-letting-regional-bodies-adapt-discipline|archive-date=2016-09-21|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyac.com/newsdetail/33-ordained-commissioned-by-new-york-conference-5012427|title=33 Ordained, Commissioned in "Historic" Service|website=www.nyac.com|access-date=2016-06-13}}</ref> In 2016, the Baltimore-Washington Conference appointed an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional diaconate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.episcopalcafe.com/us-united-methodists-vs-african-asian-united-methodists/|title=US United Methodists vs African & Asian United Methodists|website=Episcopal Cafe|language=en-US|access-date=2016-03-07}}</ref> In April 2016, Bishop Melvin Talbert performed a same-sex marriage as a public sign of his support for change and full inclusion of LGBT persons.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishop-again-officiates-at-same-gender-nuptials|title=Bishop again officiates at same-gender nuptials - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521065619/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishop-again-officiates-at-same-gender-nuptials|archive-date=2016-05-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> The church also provides spousal benefits for non-ordained employees in same-sex marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/29/methodist-same-sex-marriage-benefits_n_5235596.html|title=Methodist Church Approves Same-Sex Marriage Benefits|last=Service|first=Lauren Markoe Religion News|date=2014-04-29|website=The Huffington Post|access-date=2016-06-21}}</ref> Some congregations have individually voted to perform same-sex marriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/rural-texas-church-votes-for-same-sex-weddings|title=Rural Texas church votes for same-sex weddings - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> Also in 2016, the Western Jurisdiction of the denomination elected an openly partnered lesbian as bishop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop|title=Western Jurisdiction elects openly gay United Methodist bishop - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718232123/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop|archive-date=2016-07-18|url-status=dead}}</ref>

However, two United Methodist bishops "voided two resolutions in the Northeastern United States that called for defying church restrictions".<ref name="Hahn2016">{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishops-overrule-nonconformity-resolutions|title=Bishops overrule nonconformity resolutions|last=Hahn|first=Heather|date=15 September 2016|publisher=The United Methodist Church|language=en|access-date=15 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916213650/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishops-overrule-nonconformity-resolutions|archive-date=16 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Similarly, the United Methodist Bishops of the Central Conferences of Africa unanimously called for "unreserved commitment to the Holy Bible as the primary authority for faith and practice in the Church" and proclaimed that "sexual relations are affirmed only within the covenant bond of a faithful monogamous, heterosexual marriage, and not within same-sex unions or polygamy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/african-bishops-speak-out-on-terrorism-sexuality|title=African bishops speak out on terrorism, sexuality|last=Hahn|first=Heather|date=4 November 2015|publisher=The United Methodist Church|language=en|access-date=15 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916131634/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/african-bishops-speak-out-on-terrorism-sexuality|archive-date=16 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://goodnewsmag.org/2015/11/united-methodist-bishops-from-africa-speak-out/|title=United Methodist Bishops from Africa issue statement|date=4 November 2015|publisher=Good News Magazine|language=en|access-date=15 September 2016|archive-date=20 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920133543/http://goodnewsmag.org/2015/11/united-methodist-bishops-from-africa-speak-out/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://juicyecumenism.com/2015/11/04/bishops-of-the-central-conferences-of-africa-release-statement-encouraging-church-unity-and-a-return-to-doctrine/|title=United Methodist Bishops in Africa Reaffirm Biblical Teaching on Marriage|date=4 November 2015|publisher=[[Institute on Religion and Democracy]]|language=en|access-date=15 September 2016}}</ref> United Methodist Bishop Gaspar João Domingos stated that "the United Methodist Church denies the abuse of the principle of tolerance that sets aside the authority of Jesus Christ and the teaching on sexuality."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://juicyecumenism.com/2016/02/08/angolan-bishop-urges-umc-to-stand-firm-on-homosexuality/|title=Angolan Bishop Urges UMC to Stand Firm on Homosexuality|date=8 February 2016|publisher=[[Institute on Religion and Democracy]]|language=en|access-date=15 September 2016}}</ref> At the same time, the Alabama-West Florida Conference" passed resolutions upholding the denomination's rules on homosexuality" and the Eastern Pennsylvania Conference "approved a resolution that urges the conference to demand clergy accountability to the Discipline's 'rules of our common covenant,' and to call upon clergy to challenge those rules only 'through legitimate channels of holy conferencing, rather than breaking that covenant.'"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gadoua|first1=Renee K.|title=United Methodist conferences petition denomination on behalf of LGBT rights|url=http://www.religionnews.com/2015/06/17/united-methodist-conferences-petition-denomination-behalf-lgbt-rights/|website=www.religionnews.com|date=17 June 2015 |publisher=Religion News|access-date=November 30, 2015}}</ref> The Southeastern Jurisdiction also voted to maintain the current language in the Book of Discipline.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/southeastern-bishops-decry-nonconformity-plans|title=Southeastern bishops decry 'nonconformity' plans|last=Hahn|first=Heather|date=July 13, 2016|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716055150/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/southeastern-bishops-decry-nonconformity-plans|archive-date=2016-07-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The official website of the United Methodist Church reported that "Retired United Methodist Bishop Melvin Talbert, for the second time, has defied church law to officiate at a ceremony celebrating the union of two men."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishop-again-officiates-at-same-gender-nuptials |title=Bishop again officiates at same-gender nuptials |work=UM News |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=May 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521065619/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/bishop-again-officiates-at-same-gender-nuptials |archive-date=May 21, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> One Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church, the New York Annual Conference, voiced disagreement with the denomination's official stance on homosexuality and "announced it would not consider sexual orientation in evaluating a clergy candidate."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/15-united-methodist-clergy-candidates-come-out-as-gay1|title=15 United Methodist clergy, candidates come out as gay|work=UM News|publisher=The United Methodist Church|access-date=May 4, 2016|quote=The New York Conference has spoken out against the denomination's exclusion of LGBTQ people from ordained ministry for decades. On March 1 the conference's board of ordained ministry announced it would not consider sexual orientation in evaluating a clergy candidate even if that individual has a spouse of the same gender.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505093444/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/15-united-methodist-clergy-candidates-come-out-as-gay1|archive-date=May 5, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Additionally, the Northeastern Jurisdiction passed a resolution calling for change to The Book of Discipline.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/resolution-recommends-letting-regional-bodies-adapt-discipline |title=Resolution recommends letting regional bodies adapt Discipline |work=UM News |publisher=The United Methodist Church |access-date=September 22, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921100403/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/resolution-recommends-letting-regional-bodies-adapt-discipline |archive-date=September 21, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On July 15, 2016, the Western Jurisdictional Conference elected [[Karen Oliveto]] to become the first openly lesbian Bishop in the United Methodist Church.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Western Jurisdiction elects openly gay United Methodist bishop |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718232123/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop |archive-date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=July 19, 2016 |work=UM News |publisher=The United Methodist Church}}</ref> She was consecrated as Bishop on July 16. She previously served as Pastor at Glide Memorial Church, was an ordained elder, taught students at the Pacific School of Religion, and was on the Advisory Board of the Forum for Theological Education. Bishop Oliveto is married to Robin Ridenour, a Deaconess in the California-Nevada Conference.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop|title=Western Jurisdiction elects openly gay United Methodist bishop|first=Kathy L.|last=Gilbert|date=July 15, 2016|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=2016-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718232123/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/western-jurisdiction-elects-openly-gay-united-methodist-bishop |archive-date=2016-07-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/married-lesbian-consecrated-united-methodist-bishop |last=Gilbert |first=Kathy L |title=Married lesbian consecrated United Methodist bishop |date=July 16, 2016 |website=The People of The United Methodist Church |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718143955/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/married-lesbian-consecrated-united-methodist-bishop |archive-date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rmnetwork.org/newrmn/bishopkarenoliveto/ |last=Berryman |first=Matt |title=Rev. Dr. Karen Oliveto makes history as denomination's first openly lesbian bishop |date=July 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721192729/http://www.rmnetwork.org/newrmn/bishopkarenoliveto/ |archive-date=July 21, 2016 |access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> However, on 25 April 2017, "In a 6-to-3 vote, the United Methodist Church’s highest court ruled that a married lesbian bishop, and those who consecrated her, had violated church law on marriage and homosexuality";<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/04/28/us/Methodist-Decision-Oliveto.html?_r=0|title=Methodist Court Declares Gay Bishop's Consecration Illegal|date=28 April 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]|language=en|access-date=2 May 2017}}</ref> the United Methodist Church held that she "is in violation of a church law barring the ordination of 'self-avowed practicing homosexuals,' but it did not remove her as bishop, instead sending the issue back to the jurisdiction that chose her."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.denverpost.com/2017/04/28/gay-bishop-karen-oliveto-methodist-church/|title=Karen Oliveto, first openly gay bishop, in violation of Methodist church law, court says|last1=Brown|first1=Jennifer|first2=Danika|last2=Worthington|date=28 April 2017|publisher=[[The Denver Post]]|language=en|access-date=2 May 2017}}</ref> Therefore, the Judicial Council ruled that "Bishop Oliveto 'remains in good standing,' until an administrative or judicial process is completed."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/president-of-the-council-of-bishops-statement-regarding-judicial-council-de|title=President of the Council of Bishops: Statement regarding Judicial Council decision 1341 - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|language=en|access-date=2017-05-09}}</ref> However, the Judicial Council also ruled that "she was in good standing" and that "it had no jurisdiction to review Bishop Oliveto's nomination, election, and assignment."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/blogs-commentaries/post/commentary-attorney-on-confusion-over-olivetos-status|title=Commentary: Attorney on confusion over Oliveto's status - The United Methodist Church|last=Communications|first=United Methodist|website=The United Methodist Church|language=en|access-date=2017-05-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508225934/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/blogs-commentaries/post/commentary-attorney-on-confusion-over-olivetos-status|archive-date=2017-05-08|url-status=dead}}</ref>  Also in 2016, a complaint filed against an openly gay minister was dismissed, and the minister was able to continue working.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-31 |title=After complaint dismissed, Rev. Blaedel calls United Methodists to action |url=http://www.rmnetwork.org/newrmn/after-complaint-dismissed-rev-blaedel-calls-united-methodists-to-action/ |access-date=2016-09-07 |language=en-US}}</ref>

On May 7, 2018, the Council of Bishops in the United Methodist Church proposed allowing individual pastors and regional church bodies to decide whether to ordain LGBT clergy and perform same-sex weddings, though this proposal can only be approved by the General Conference.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.advocate.com/religion/2018/5/05/methodist-bishops-back-choice-lgbt-clergy-same-sex-marriage |website=Advocate |title=Methodist Bishops Back Choice on LGBT Clergy, Same-Sex Marriage |last=Ring |first=Trudy |date=May 5, 2018 |access-date=July 10, 2021}}</ref> At this meeting, the Council of Bishops will also consider two other alternative plans for the future concerning this issue. The second plan called the Connectional Conference Plan would create three connectional conferences based on theology related to the issue of human sexuality, the current five conferences would be abolished and each of the five conferences would have clearly defined values of accountability, contextualization, and justice. These three denominations would serve almost as three sub-denominations within overall United Methodism.  The third plan, called the Traditional Plan, would reinforce the existing language in the Book of Discipline prohibiting homosexuality, gay marriage ceremonies on church campuses, and allow for stricter enforcement of violations of existing church law.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/ask-the-umc-can-you-explain-way-forward-plans-cob-recommendation |title=Ask The UMC:Can you explain Way Forward plans, COB recommendation? |date=May 14, 2018 |website=UM News |access-date=July 10, 2021}}</ref> On February 26, 2019, during a special session of the General Conference, delegates from around the world voted to pass the Traditional Plan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/02/26/698188343/united-methodist-church-votes-to-keep-bans-on-same-sex-weddings-lgbtq-clergy|title=United Methodist Church Votes to Keep Bans on Same-Sex Weddings, LGBTQ Clergy|last=Chappell|first=Bill|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=2019-02-27}}</ref>

In March 2019, the [[Central conferences (United Methodist Church)|German Central Conference]] announced that it would not be implementing the Traditional Plan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.umnews.org:443/en/news/german-church-wont-impose-traditional-plan-bans|title=German church won't impose Traditional Plan bans|website=United Methodist News Service|language=en|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> Although the [[Annual conferences of the United Methodist Church|US jurisdictions and annual conferences]] are unable to alter the Book of Discipline as the Central Conferences are, the Western Jurisdiction declared their disagreement with the Traditional Plan and vowed to remain LGBTQ inclusive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://westernjurisdictionumc.org/western-jurisdiction-umc-bishops-video-statement-script/|title=Western Jurisdiction UMC Bishops video statement script|last=UMC|first=Western Jurisdiction|date=2019-03-01|website=Western Jurisdiction of The UMC|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref>

=== 2020s ===
In January 2020, a 16-person committee of bishops and other official submitted to the General Conference a schism proposal, titled “Protocol of Reconciliation and Grace through Separation,” for the creation of a new separated "traditional Methodist" denomination, a text that needed to be approved by the scheduled conference in May; the traditionalist connexion is the [[Global Methodist Church]].<ref name="NPR">{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/01/04/793614135/united-methodist-church-announces-proposal-to-split-over-gay-marriage |last=Anderson |first=Meg |title=United Methodist Church Announces Proposal to Split Over Gay Marriage |date=January 4, 2020 |website=NPR |access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> By default, any parish will be set as a member of the United Methodist Church (UMC) and would have to conduct votes in order to enter in the newborn communion of the more conservative Methodists.<ref name="NPR" /> The May vote to split the UMC was delayed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/split-over-gay-marriage-delayed-united-methodists-face-year-limbo-n1200236 |title=With split over gay marriage delayed, United Methodists face a year in limbo |date=May 5, 2020 |website=ABC News |access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> Progressives too announced the creation of a new denomination in November 2020, the Liberation Methodist Connexion.<ref name="Miller2020">{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Emily McFarlan |title=Progressive United Methodists announce new denomination: Liberation Methodist Connexion |url=https://religionnews.com/2020/11/30/progressive-united-methodists-announce-new-denomination-liberation-methodist-connexion/ |publisher=[[Religion News Service]] |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=English |date=30 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="Astle2020">{{cite web |last1=Astle |first1=Cynthia |title=New denomination declares 'liberation' from United Methodist Church |url=https://baptistnews.com/article/new-denomination-declares-liberation-from-united-methodist-church/ |publisher=[[Baptist News Global]] |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=English |date=9 December 2020}}</ref> In 2022, the Western Jurisdiction elected [[Cedrick Bridgeforth]] as a bishop, making him the second openly gay bishop elected in the Jurisdiction and the denomination.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Astle |first=Cynthia |date=2022-11-08 |title=United Methodists elect married gay clergyman among 13 new bishops who represent many other firsts |url=https://baptistnews.com/article/united-methodists-elect-married-gay-clergyman-among-13-new-bishops-who-represent-many-other-firsts/ |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=Baptist News Global |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gryboski |first=Michael |date=2022-11-08 |title=UMC body elects openly gay bishop in defiance of denomination's rules |url=https://www.christianpost.com/news/umc-body-elects-openly-gay-bishop-in-defiance-of-denomination.html |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=The Christian Post |language=en-US}}</ref>

During the 2024 General Conference, on April 25, 2024, the delegates passed a proposal to restructure the UMC, establishing regionalization that would allow each region to determine its own standards for same-sex marriage and the ordination of partnered LGBTQ clergy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General Conference gives regionalization green light |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/regionalization-gets-general-conference-go-ahead |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-26 |title=United Methodist Church moves closer to enabling regional decisions, paving the way for LGBTQ rights within church - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/united-methodists-lgbtq-other-issues-change-endorse/ |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Due to the proposal being a constitutional change, the proposal will need to be ratified by a two-thirds majority of votes cast during the local Annual Conferences.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shimron |first=Yonat |date=2024-04-25 |title=United Methodists vote to restructure worldwide church |url=https://religionnews.com/2024/04/25/united-methodists-vote-to-restructure-worldwide-church-into-four-parts/ |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=Religion News Service |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-25 |title=United Methodists endorse change that could give regions more say on LGBTQ and other issues |url=https://apnews.com/article/united-methodist-disaffiliation-lgbtq-regionalization-samesex-marriage-d429bb838c31f1899dbc48fbddb03197 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Multiple petitions were brought to amend statutory language regarding sexuality. On April 30, 2024, the UMC removed penalties for clergy performing same-sex marriages, removed the ban on funding for LGBTQ-affirming organizations, and removed the prohibition on considering openly LGBTQ candidates for ordained ministry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-30 |title=United Methodists begin to reverse longstanding anti-LGBTQ policies |url=https://apnews.com/article/united-methodist-church-lgbtq-policies-general-conference-fa9a335a74bdd58d138163401cd51b54 |access-date=2024-04-30 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> On May 1, 2024, the General Conference of the UMC voted to repeal the prior prohibitions against clergy performing same-sex marriages and the ordination of openly partnered LGBTQ people or "self-avowed practicing homosexuals" as clergy. The vote also forbade superintendents from forbidding or requiring a church for same-sex weddings.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graham |first=Ruth |date=2024-05-01 |title=United Methodist Church Reverses Ban on Practicing Gay Clergy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/01/us/methodist-church-gay-ban-lgbtq.html |access-date=2024-05-01 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gamble |first=Justin |date=2024-05-01 |title=United Methodist Church lifts 40-year ban on LGBTQ clergy |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/01/us/united-methodist-church-lgbtq-clergy-reaj/index.html |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Irwin |first=Lauren |date=2024-05-01 |title=United Methodists repeal ban on LGBTQ clergy |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/lgbtq/4635784-united-methodist-church-repeals-lgbtq-clergy-ban/ |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=The Hill |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Peter |date=2024-05-01 |title=United Methodists repeal longstanding ban on LGBTQ clergy |url=https://apnews.com/article/united-methodist-lgbtq-clergy-general-conference-acabe18fe22b6838e3005ad8895534fa |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=40-year ban on gay clergy struck down |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/40-year-ban-on-gay-clergy-struck-down |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref> On May 2, the General Conference voted to approve more petitions, which amended the UMC Social Principles to remove language stating that "the practice of homosexuality ... is incompatible with Christian teaching"; revises the language on marriage to state that it is "a sacred lifelong covenant that brings two people of faith [adult man and woman of consenting age or two adult persons of consenting age] into union with one another and into deeper relationship with God and the religious community;”  states opposition to both child marriage and polygamy; and affirms support for consent in sexual relations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=Liam |title=UMC live updates: United Methodists strike down 52-year-old statement on homosexuality and Christianity |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/religion/2024/05/02/united-methodist-church-umc-updates-general-conference-social-principles-same-sex-union-votes/73505566007/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=The Tennessean |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Church ends 52-year-old anti-gay stance |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/church-ends-52-year-old-anti-gay-stance |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref> On May 3, during the final day of business, the General Conference removed language from church law imposing potential penalties for officiating at same-sex weddings, penalties for being in a same-sex relationship themselves, prohibitions against clergy from officiating or churches hosting same-sex weddings, and mandates that clergy practice celibacy in singleness. In addition, the General Conference added language allowing clergy to abstain from officiating any weddings. The Conference maintained the chargeable offense of "immorality" but voted against defining the offense to include infidelity or non-celibacy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Methodists remove same-sex wedding ban |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/united-methodists-remove-same-sex-wedding-ban |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref> A statement titled the "Message from African Delegates" lambasted the 2024 General Conference changes, opining that the United Methodist Church "now defines marriage differently from what God created it to be in the beginning" and "changed the definition of marriage from how Jesus described it in Matthew 19 as one man and one woman".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gryboski |first1=Michael |title=African delegates denounce UMC votes to allow LGBT marriage, ordination: 'We are devastated' |url=https://www.christianpost.com/news/african-delegates-denounce-umc-lgbt-votes-devastated.html |publisher=[[The Christian Post]] |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=en |date=3 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Minchakpu2024">{{cite web |last1=Minchakpu |first1=Obed |title=United Methodist Church's change on same-sex marriage triggers discordant voices from Africa |url=https://www.christiandaily.com/news/umc-change-on-same-sex-triggers-discordant-voices-from-africa.html |publisher=The Christian Daily |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=en |date=6 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Field2024">{{cite web |last1=Field |first1=Scott |title=Update #4 from the WCA from the General Conference - UMC General Conference: The African Message |url=https://wesleyancovenant.org/2024/05/03/update-4-from-the-wca-from-the-general-conference-umc-general-conference-the-african-message/ |publisher=Wesleyan Covenant Association |access-date=6 May 2024 |date=3 May 2024}}</ref> It additionally stated that over 70 United Methodist delegates from the African continent were unable to attend due to visa issues and despite their correspondence, they did not receive a reply from the United Methodist offices in the United States.<ref name="Minchakpu2024"/><ref name="Field2024"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hodges |first1=Sam |title=Absent delegates in spotlight at General Conference |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/absent-delegates-in-spotlight-at-general-conference |publisher=United Methodist News Service |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=en |date=30 April 2024}}</ref> The "Message from African Delegates" declared that "We do not accept a change in the definition of marriage, and we will never accept marriage as anything other than one man and one woman, no matter what the Book of Discipline says."<ref name="Minchakpu2024"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Message from African Delegates at 2024 General Conference|url=https://goodnewsmag.org/message-from-african-delegates-at-2024-general-conference |publisher=Good News Magazine |access-date=6 May 2024 |date=2 May 2024}}</ref>

The General Conference voted to enter into [[full communion]] with the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]], effective upon mutual approval by the Episcopal Church's [[General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America|General Convention]];<ref>{{Cite web |title=April 30 wrap-up: Some LGBTQ bans lifted, Episcopal communion approved |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/april-30-wrap-up-some-lgbtq-bans-lifted-episcopal-communion-approved |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref> the Episcopal Church approved ordination of openly-gay clergy in 2015,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-02 |title=General Convention wrap-up: Historic actions, structural changes |url=http://episcopaldigitalnetwork.com/ens/2015/07/07/general-convention-wrap-up-historic-actions-structural-changes/ |access-date=2024-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150802200740/http://episcopaldigitalnetwork.com/ens/2015/07/07/general-convention-wrap-up-historic-actions-structural-changes/ |archive-date=2015-08-02 }}</ref> and allowed all clergy to voluntarily marry same-sex couples by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=mmacdonald |date=2018-08-15 |title=Some same-sex couples will still face hurdles accessing church's marriage rites |url=https://www.episcopalnewsservice.org/2018/08/15/some-same-sex-couples-will-still-face-hurdles-accessing-churchs-marriage-rites/ |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=Episcopal News Service |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Evangelisch-methodistische Kirche in Germany ==
In November 2022, the {{lang|de|Evangelisch-methodistische Kirche}} (Protestant Methodist Church) in Germany allowed blessing ceremonies for same-sex marriages.<ref>[https://www.evangelisch.de/inhalte/208877/29-11-2022/gewissen-kann-ein-veto-sein-deutsche-methodisten-fuer-segnung-homosexueller-paare Evangelisch.de: Deutsche Methodisten für Segnung homosexueller Ehepaare], November 2022</ref>

== Uniting Church in Australia ==
The [[Uniting Church in Australia]] (which includes Methodists) has permitted presbyteries to ordain openly gay and lesbian ministers if they opt to do so<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2003/s906981.htm|title=7.30 Report|website=www.abc.net.au|access-date=2016-05-21}}</ref> and churches may bless same-sex couples entering into civil partnerships.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/wa/a/28769619/uniting-church-may-overhaul-rules-of-marriage/|title=Church may overhaul its rules of marriage|website=au.news.yahoo.com|access-date=2016-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401170740/https://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/wa/a/28769619/uniting-church-may-overhaul-rules-of-marriage/|archive-date=2016-04-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 13 July 2018, the church's assembly voted by national Assembly to approve the creation of official marriage rites for same-sex couples.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sandeman |first=John |date=13 July 2018 |title=Uniting Church to hold same sex marriages |url=https://www.eternitynews.com.au/australia/uniting-church-to-hold-same-sex-marriage/ |work=Eternity |location=Australia |access-date=13 July 2018 }}</ref>

==LGBT Methodists==
{{expand list|date=January 2024}}
*[[Paul Abels]]
*[[Gene Leggett]]
*[[Karen Oliveto]]
*[[Julian Rush]]

==See also==
{{Portal|Evangelical Christianity|LGBT}}
*[[List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Barnhart, David L. Jr. ''Living Faithfully: Human Sexuality and the United Methodist Church'' (Abingdon Press, 2019).
* Brownson, James V. ''Bible, Gender, Sexuality: Reframing the Church’s Debate on Same-Sex Relationships'' (Eerdmans, 2013).
* Campbell, Sarah Rose. "Conflict and crisis in American Methodism: slavery and homosexuality, 1784-2022" (PhD thesis Middlesex University / London School of Theology (LST) 2023) [https://repository.mdx.ac.uk/item/116z3x online]
* Chappell, Bill. “United Methodist Church Votes to Keep Bans on Same-Sex Weddings, LGBTQ Clergy,” (NPR, February 26, 2019) [https://www.npr.org/2019/02/26/698188343/united-methodist-church-votes-to-keep-bans-on-same-sex-weddings-lgbtq-clergy online]
* Frank, Gillian A., Bethany Moreton, and Heather R. White, eds. ''Devotions and desires: Histories of sexuality and religion in the twentieth-century United States'' (UNC Press, 2018).
* Graham, Ruth. " 'Breaking Down Walls,' United Methodists End Ban on Gay Clergy" ''New York Times'' (2 May, 2024) [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/01/us/methodist-church-gay-ban-lgbtq.html online]
* Hall, Simon. "Americanism, un-Americanism, and the gay rights movement." ''Journal of American Studies'' 47.4 (2013): 1109-1130. [https://scholar.archive.org/work/i72reo33crb2vmzugztremj4fm/access/wayback/https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D30762D619BDB653A1F6DE4FBC1DB95D/S002187581300145Xa.pdf/div-class-title-americanism-un-americanism-and-the-gay-rights-movement-div.pdf online]
* Holmen, R.W. ''Queer Clergy: A History of Gay and Lesbian Ministry in American Protestantism.'' (The Pilgrim Press, 2013).
* Merriman, Scott A. ''Same-Sex Marriage: Exploring the Issues, Religion in Politics and Society Today'' (ABC-CLIO, 2022).
* Petro, Anthony Michael. ''After the wrath of God: AIDS, sexuality, and American religion'' (Oxford University Press, 2015) [https://www.academia.edu/download/40863005/Petro.Introduction.Book..pdf online]
* Renfroe, Rob and Walter Fenton. ''Are We Really Better Together?: An Evangelical Perspective on the Division in the UMC'' (2nd ed. Abingdon Press, 2020)
* Simpson, Benjamin Arnold. "The homosexuality debate in the United Methodist Church: Religious ethics, the Wesleyan quadrilateral, and the United Methodist moral landscape" (PhD dissertation, University of Kansas, 2011) [https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/7687/Simpson_ku_0099M_11307_DATA_1.pdf?sequence=1 online].
* Snowden, Rita, and Yvette Taylor, eds. ''Queering Religion, Religious Queers'' (Routledge, 2014).
* Udis-Kessler, Amanda. ''Queer Inclusion in the United Methodist Church'' (Routledge, 2012).

==External links==
*[http://www.garyhopkins.net/pilgrimageoffaith/ Pilgrimage of Faith Research:] Research about homosexuality and the Methodist Church of Great Britain
*[https://wesleyancovenant.org/ Wesleyan Covenant Association]: caucus seeking to maintain the traditional view of homosexuality in the United Methodist Church
*[https://rmnetwork.org/ Reconciling Ministries Network] The largest organization working for equality for LGBT United Methodists

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