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In July 1976, Congress refused to fund MX using a silo-based system on grounds of vulnerability, and the project was halted. Several new proposals were made for alternate basing arrangements, including mobile basing in railway cars that would be sent out into the nation's rail network during times of heightened threat levels, and more complex systems of deeply buried silos under [[mesa]]s that would include systems to quickly dig themselves out after an attack.{{r|FAS_2000}} |
In July 1976, Congress refused to fund MX using a silo-based system on grounds of vulnerability, and the project was halted. Several new proposals were made for alternate basing arrangements, including mobile basing in railway cars that would be sent out into the nation's rail network during times of heightened threat levels, and more complex systems of deeply buried silos under [[mesa]]s that would include systems to quickly dig themselves out after an attack.{{r|FAS_2000}} |
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Eventually, the program was reinstated on 12 June 1979 by [[Jimmy Carter|President Carter]]. On 7 September 1979 he announced that 200 MX missiles would be deployed throughout eastern [[Nevada]] and western [[Utah]]. The deployment would occur in a system of multiple protective shelters linked by underground or aboveground roads, the so-called "Racetrack" proposal.{{r|FAS_2000}} Local opposition in Nevada was intense, and the concept gained a powerful enemy in the form of Senator [[Paul Laxalt]].{{r|MacKenzie_1993}}{{rp|page=229}} Initially support was high in Utah, especially in the [[Beaver County, Utah|Beaver County]] area; although opposition increased dramatically following a statement of disapproval by the [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|leaders]] of [[ |
Eventually, the program was reinstated on 12 June 1979 by [[Jimmy Carter|President Carter]]. On 7 September 1979 he announced that 200 MX missiles would be deployed throughout eastern [[Nevada]] and western [[Utah]]. The deployment would occur in a system of multiple protective shelters linked by underground or aboveground roads, the so-called "Racetrack" proposal.{{r|FAS_2000}} Local opposition in Nevada was intense, and the concept gained a powerful enemy in the form of Senator [[Paul Laxalt]].{{r|MacKenzie_1993}}{{rp|page=229}} Initially support was high in Utah, especially in the [[Beaver County, Utah|Beaver County]] area; although opposition increased dramatically following a statement of disapproval by the [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|leaders]] of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://historytogo.utah.gov/mx-missile-project/|title=The MX Missile Project|author=Martha Sonntag Bradley|work=Utah History To Go|publisher=State of Utah|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621194006/http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/utah_today/themxmissileproject.html|archive-date=June 21, 2018|access-date=9 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jolley |first1=Joann |year=1981 |title=News of the Church: First Presidency Statement on Basing of MX Missile |journal=Ensign |issue=June 1981 |publisher=The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1981/06/news-of-the-church/first-presidency-statement-on-basing-of-mx-missile |access-date=9 June 2012 |archive-date=1 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901024751/https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1981/06/news-of-the-church/first-presidency-statement-on-basing-of-mx-missile?lang=eng&ab=v00 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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When [[Ronald Reagan]] took office, Laxalt's close ties with Reagan proved useful. Reagan canceled the new shelter system in 1981, calling it "a [[Rube Goldberg machine|Rube Goldberg]] scheme". On 2 October 1981 he proposed deploying an initial force of missiles in the approximately 60 existing [[LGM-25C Titan II|Titan II]] silos, removing those now outdated missiles from service. The silos would be modified for much greater strength, and a number of Minuteman III silos similarly adapted over time to bring the force to a total of 100 missiles. Additionally, he suggested funding development of three additional concepts, airborne drops from cargo aircraft, an "active defense" using short-range [[anti-ballistic missile]], or basing new silos deep underground or on the south side of [[mesa]]s ("reverse-inclination basing").<ref>{{cite report | first1 = Jonathan E. | last1 = Medalia | url = https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA478140 | title = The MX Basing Debate: The Reagan Plan and Alternatives | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220704054507/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA478140 | archive-date = 2022-07-04 | url-status = live | type = Congressional Report | publisher = [[Congressional Research Service]] {{!}} [[Library of Congress]] | date = 1981-02-11 | access-date = 2022-07-04 | id = {{DTIC|ADA478140}} | via = [[Defense Technical Information Center]] | df = dmy-all}}</ref> The latter two quickly proved unacceptable for various reasons, while testing of the air-drop concept was pursued. |
When [[Ronald Reagan]] took office, Laxalt's close ties with Reagan proved useful. Reagan canceled the new shelter system in 1981, calling it "a [[Rube Goldberg machine|Rube Goldberg]] scheme". On 2 October 1981 he proposed deploying an initial force of missiles in the approximately 60 existing [[LGM-25C Titan II|Titan II]] silos, removing those now outdated missiles from service. The silos would be modified for much greater strength, and a number of Minuteman III silos similarly adapted over time to bring the force to a total of 100 missiles. Additionally, he suggested funding development of three additional concepts, airborne drops from cargo aircraft, an "active defense" using short-range [[anti-ballistic missile]], or basing new silos deep underground or on the south side of [[mesa]]s ("reverse-inclination basing").<ref>{{cite report | first1 = Jonathan E. | last1 = Medalia | url = https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA478140 | title = The MX Basing Debate: The Reagan Plan and Alternatives | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220704054507/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA478140 | archive-date = 2022-07-04 | url-status = live | type = Congressional Report | publisher = [[Congressional Research Service]] {{!}} [[Library of Congress]] | date = 1981-02-11 | access-date = 2022-07-04 | id = {{DTIC|ADA478140}} | via = [[Defense Technical Information Center]] | df = dmy-all}}</ref> The latter two quickly proved unacceptable for various reasons, while testing of the air-drop concept was pursued. |
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