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{{As of|2024|January}}, two methane-fueled rockets have reached orbit. Several others are in development and two orbital launch attempts failed: |
{{As of|2024|January}}, two methane-fueled rockets have reached orbit. Several others are in development and two orbital launch attempts failed: |
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* [[Zhuque-2]] successfully reached orbit on its second flight on 12 July 2023, becoming the first methane-fueled rocket to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Adrian |date=12 July 2023 |title=LandSpace claims win in the methane race to orbit via second ZhuQue-2 launch |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2023/07/zhuque-2-launch2/ |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]}}</ref> It had failed to reach orbit on its maiden flight on 14 December 2022. The rocket, developed by [[LandSpace]], uses the [[TQ-12]] engine. |
* [[Zhuque-2]] successfully reached orbit on its second flight on 12 July 2023, becoming the first methane-fueled rocket to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Adrian |date=12 July 2023 |title=LandSpace claims win in the methane race to orbit via second ZhuQue-2 launch |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2023/07/zhuque-2-launch2/ |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]}}</ref> It had failed to reach orbit on its maiden flight on 14 December 2022. The rocket, developed by [[LandSpace]], uses the [[TQ-12]] engine. |
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* [[Vulcan Centaur]] successfully reached orbit on its first try, called Cert-1, on 8 January 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Josh Dinner |date=2024-01-08 |title=ULA's Vulcan rocket launches private US moon lander, 1st since Apollo, and human remains in debut flight |url=https://www.space.com/ula-vulcan-centaur-first-launch-peregrine-celestis-moon-mission |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=Space.com |language=en}}</ref> The rocket, developed by [[United Launch Alliance]], uses the [[Blue Origin|Blue Origin's]] [[BE-4]] engine, though the second stage uses the hydrolox |
* [[Vulcan Centaur]] successfully reached orbit on its first try, called Cert-1, on 8 January 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Josh Dinner |date=2024-01-08 |title=ULA's Vulcan rocket launches private US moon lander, 1st since Apollo, and human remains in debut flight |url=https://www.space.com/ula-vulcan-centaur-first-launch-peregrine-celestis-moon-mission |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=Space.com |language=en}}</ref> The rocket, developed by [[United Launch Alliance]], uses the [[Blue Origin|Blue Origin's]] [[BE-4]] engine, though the second stage uses the hydrolox RL10. |
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* [[Terran 1]] had a failed orbital launch attempt on its maiden flight on 22 March 2023. The rocket, developed by [[Relativity Space]], uses the [[Aeon 1]] engine. |
* [[Terran 1]] had a failed orbital launch attempt on its maiden flight on 22 March 2023. The rocket, developed by [[Relativity Space]], uses the [[Aeon 1]] engine. |
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* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]] achieved a [[transatmospheric orbit]] on its [[IFT-3|third flight]] on 14 March 2024,<ref>{{cite web |title=Starship's Third Flight Test |url=https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=starship-flight-3 |access-date=2024-05-07 |website=SpaceX }}</ref> after two failed attempts. The rocket, developed by [[SpaceX]], uses the [[SpaceX Raptor|Raptor]] engine. |
* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]] achieved a [[transatmospheric orbit]] on its [[IFT-3|third flight]] on 14 March 2024,<ref>{{cite web |title=Starship's Third Flight Test |url=https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=starship-flight-3 |access-date=2024-05-07 |website=SpaceX }}</ref> after two failed attempts. The rocket, developed by [[SpaceX]], uses the [[SpaceX Raptor|Raptor]] engine. |
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[[SpaceX]] developed the [[Raptor (rocket engine family)|Raptor]] engine for its Starship super-heavy-lift launch vehicle.<ref name=fg20121120>{{cite web |last=Todd |first=David |title=Musk goes for methane-burning reusable rockets as step to colonise Mars |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/hyperbola/2012/11/musk-goes-for-methane-burning.html |access-date=2012-11-22 |website=FlightGlobal/Blogs Hyperbola |date=2012-11-20 |quote="We are going to do methane." Musk announced as he described his future plans for reusable launch vehicles including those designed to take astronauts to Mars within 15 years. |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128070948/http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/hyperbola/2012/11/musk-goes-for-methane-burning.html }}</ref> It has been used in [[SpaceX Starship |
[[SpaceX]] developed the [[Raptor (rocket engine family)|Raptor]] engine for its Starship super-heavy-lift launch vehicle.<ref name=fg20121120>{{cite web |last=Todd |first=David |title=Musk goes for methane-burning reusable rockets as step to colonise Mars |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/hyperbola/2012/11/musk-goes-for-methane-burning.html |access-date=2012-11-22 |website=FlightGlobal/Blogs Hyperbola |date=2012-11-20 |quote="We are going to do methane." Musk announced as he described his future plans for reusable launch vehicles including those designed to take astronauts to Mars within 15 years. |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128070948/http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/hyperbola/2012/11/musk-goes-for-methane-burning.html }}</ref> It has been used in [[SpaceX Starship development|test flights]] from 2019 to 2023. SpaceX had previously used only [[RP-1]]/LOX in their engines. |
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Blue Origin developed the BE-4 LOX/LNG engine for their |
Blue Origin developed the BE-4 LOX/LNG engine for their New Glenn and the United Launch Alliance Vulcan Centaur. The BE-4 will provide 2,400 kN (550,000 lbf) of thrust. Two flight engines had been delivered to ULA by mid 2023. |
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In July 2014, [[Firefly Space Systems]] announced plans to use methane fuel for their small satellite launch vehicle, [[Firefly Space Systems#Firefly Alpha|Firefly Alpha]] with an [[aerospike engine]] design.<ref>{{cite web |title=Firefly α |website=Firefly Space Systems |access-date=5 October 2014 |url=http://www.fireflyspace.com/vehicles/firefly-a |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006064518/http://www.fireflyspace.com/vehicles/firefly-a |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> |
In July 2014, [[Firefly Space Systems]] announced plans to use methane fuel for their small satellite launch vehicle, [[Firefly Space Systems#Firefly Alpha|Firefly Alpha]] with an [[aerospike engine]] design.<ref>{{cite web |title=Firefly α |website=Firefly Space Systems |access-date=5 October 2014 |url=http://www.fireflyspace.com/vehicles/firefly-a |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006064518/http://www.fireflyspace.com/vehicles/firefly-a |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> |
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==Present use== |
==Present use== |
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{{Specific impulse|align=right}} |
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{{As of|June 2024}}, liquid fuel combinations in common use: |
{{As of|June 2024}}, liquid fuel combinations in common use: |
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