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{{short description|None}} |
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⚫ |
Following the definition that a [[civilian]] is someone who is not part of their country's [[armed force]]s, there have been a total of |
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⚫ | Following the definition that a [[civilian]] is someone who is not part of their country's [[armed force]]s, there have been a total of 25 fully civilian crewed orbital space missions ({{Currentyear}}), listed below:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/09/four-private-citizens-launch-today-further-opening-new-era-of-spaceflight/|title=Crew Dragon has flown four more people—all private citizens—into space|date=2021-09-15|accessdate=2021-09-19}}</ref><ref name=Twe>{{Cite tweet |user=planet4589 |author=Jonathan McDowell |number=1436122672178647041 |date = 2021-09-09 |title=Soyuz TMA-3, TMA-3M, TMA-7M, TMA-11M, TMA-17M, TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-01, MS-03, MS-05, MS-06, MS-08, MS-09, MS-17, MS-18 and SpaceX Crew-2. As well as 13 all-civilian suborbital space flights.}}</ref> |
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==List== |
==List== |
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{{Import style|sticky}} |
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{|class="wikitable" width="100%" |
{|class="wikitable" width="100%" |
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|- class="is-sticky" |
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!No. |
!No. |
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!Mission<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://planet4589.org/space/astro/lists/rides.html|author=Jonathan McDowell|title=Jonathan's Space Report {{!}} Human Spaceflight: Rides|accessdate= |
!width="130" |Mission<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://planet4589.org/space/astro/lists/rides.html|author=Jonathan McDowell|title=Jonathan's Space Report {{!}} Human Spaceflight: Rides|accessdate=2023-03-02|date=2023-03-02}}</ref> / Emblem |
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⚫ | |||
! width="130" |Spacecraft |
! width="130" |Spacecraft |
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! width="130" |Date of launch |
! width="130" |Date of launch |
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! width="130" |Date of landing |
! width="130" |Date of landing |
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!Crew |
! width="260" |Crew |
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⚫ | |||
!Docking |
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!Outcome |
!Outcome |
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|- |
|- |
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!1 |
!1 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-3]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-3]]<br/>[[File:Soyuz_TMA-3_Patch.png|75px]] |
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|[[File:Soyuz_TMA-3_Patch.png|75px]] |
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|[[Soyuz TMA]]<br/>11F732A17 #213 |
|[[Soyuz TMA]]<br/>11F732A17 #213 |
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|18 October 2003 |
|18 October 2003 |
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|30 April 2004 |
|30 April 2004 |
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|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Alexander Kaleri]] |
|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Alexander Kaleri]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United Kingdom}}/{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Michael Foale]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Spain}} [[Pedro Duque]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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|- |
|- |
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!2 |
!2 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-03M]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-03M]]<br/> |
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||[[File:Soyuz-TMA-03M-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #703 |
||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #703 |
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||21 December 2011 |
||21 December 2011 |
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||1 July 2012 |
||1 July 2012 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Kononenko]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Kononenko]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Netherlands}} [[André Kuipers]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Donald Pettit]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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|- |
|- |
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!3 |
!3 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-07M]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-07M]]<br/> |
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||[[File:Soyuz-TMA-07M-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #704A |
||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #704A |
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||19 December 2012 |
||19 December 2012 |
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||14 May 2013 |
||14 May 2013 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Roman Romanenko]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Roman Romanenko]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Chris Hadfield]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Thomas Marshburn]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
||
|- |
|- |
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!4 |
!4 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-11M]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-11M]]<br/> |
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||[[File:Soyuz-TMA-11M-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #711 |
||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #711 |
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||7 November 2013 |
||7 November 2013 |
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||14 May 2014 |
||14 May 2014 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Mikhail Tyurin]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Mikhail Tyurin]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Richard Mastracchio]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Koichi Wakata]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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|- |
|- |
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!5 |
!5 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-17M]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-17M]]<br/> |
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||[[File:Soyuz-TMA-17M-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #717 |
||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #717 |
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||23 July 2015 |
||23 July 2015 |
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||11 December 2015 |
||11 December 2015 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Kononenko]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Kononenko]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Kimiya Yui]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren|Kjell Lindgren]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
||
|- |
|- |
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!6 |
!6 |
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|[[Soyuz TMA-20M]] |
|[[Soyuz TMA-20M]]<br/> |
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||[[File:Soyuz-TMA-20M-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #720 |
||[[Soyuz-TMA#Soyuz TMA-M|Soyuz TMA-M]]<br/>11F732A47 #720 |
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||19 March 2016 |
||19 March 2016 |
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||6 September 2016 |
||6 September 2016 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Aleksey Ovchinin]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Aleksey Ovchinin]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Skripochka]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Jeffrey Williams (astronaut)|Jeffrey Williams]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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!7 |
!7 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-01]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-01]] |
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||[[File:Soyuz-MS-01-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #731 |
||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #731 |
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|| 7 July 2016 |
|| 7 July 2016 |
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|| 30 October 2016 |
|| 30 October 2016 |
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|| {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Anatoli Ivanishin]] |
|| {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Anatoli Ivanishin]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Takuya Onishi]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Kathleen Rubins]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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Line 86: | Line 82: | ||
!8 |
!8 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-03]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-03]] |
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||[[File:Soyuz-MS-03-Mission-Patch.png|75px|center]] |
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||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #733 |
||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #733 |
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||17 November 2016 |
||17 November 2016 |
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||2 June 2017 |
||2 June 2017 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Novitskiy]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Novitskiy]]<br/>{{Flagicon|France}} [[Thomas Pesquet]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Peggy A. Whitson]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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Line 96: | Line 91: | ||
!9 |
!9 |
||
|[[Soyuz MS-05]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-05]] |
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||[[File:Soyuz-MS-05-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #736 |
||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #736 |
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||28 July 2017 |
||28 July 2017 |
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||14 December 2017 |
||14 December 2017 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Ryazansky]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Ryazansky]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Paolo Nespoli]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Randolph Bresnik]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
||
Line 106: | Line 100: | ||
!10 |
!10 |
||
|[[Soyuz MS-06]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-06]] |
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|| [[File:Soyuz-MS-06-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #734 |
||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #734 |
||
||12 September 2017 |
||12 September 2017 |
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||28 February 2018 |
||28 February 2018 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Alexander Misurkin]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Alexander Misurkin]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Joseph M. Acaba|Joseph Acaba]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Mark T. Vande Hei|Mark Vande Hei]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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!11 |
!11 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-08]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-08]] |
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|| [[File:Soyuz-MS-08-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #738 |
||[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #738 |
||
||21 March 2018 |
||21 March 2018 |
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|| 4 October 2018 |
|| 4 October 2018 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Artemyev]] |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Artemyev]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Richard R. Arnold|Richard Arnold]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Andrew J. Feustel|Andrew Feustel]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
||
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!12 |
!12 |
||
|[[Soyuz MS-09]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-09]] |
||
|[[File:Soyuz-MS-09-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #739 |
|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #739 |
||
|6 June 2018 |
|6 June 2018 |
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|20 December 2018 |
|20 December 2018 |
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|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Prokopyev (cosmonaut)|Sergey Prokopyev]] |
|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Prokopyev (cosmonaut)|Sergey Prokopyev]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor|Serena Auñón-Chancellor]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Alexander Gerst]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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Line 136: | Line 127: | ||
!13 |
!13 |
||
|[[Soyuz MS-17]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-17]] |
||
|[[File:Soyuz-MS-17-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #747 |
|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #747 |
||
|14 October 2020 |
|14 October 2020 |
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|17 April 2021 |
|17 April 2021 |
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|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Ryzhikov (cosmonaut)|Sergey Ryzhikov]] |
|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Ryzhikov (cosmonaut)|Sergey Ryzhikov]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Kud-Sverchkov]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Kathleen Rubins]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
||
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!14 |
!14 |
||
|[[Soyuz MS-18]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-18]] |
||
⚫ | |||
|[[File:Soyuz-MS-18-Mission-Patch.png|75px]] |
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⚫ | |||
|9 April 2021 |
|9 April 2021 |
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|17 October 2021 |
|17 October 2021 |
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|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Novitsky]] |
|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Oleg Novitsky]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Pyotr Dubrov]]<br/>{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Mark T. Vande Hei]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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|- |
|- |
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!15 |
!15 |
||
|[[SpaceX Crew-2]] |
|[[SpaceX Crew-2]]<br/>[[File:SpaceX Crew-2 logo.png|75px]] |
||
⚫ | |||
|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|''Endeavour'' C206.1]] |
|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|''Endeavour'' C206.1]] |
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|23 April 2021 |
|23 April 2021 |
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| |
|9 November 2021 |
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|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Shane Kimbrough]] |
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Shane Kimbrough]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[K. Megan McArthur]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Akihiko Hoshide]]<br/>{{Flagicon|France}} [[Thomas Pesquet]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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|- |
|- |
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!16 |
!16 |
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|[[Inspiration4]] |
|[[Inspiration4]]<br/>[[File:Inspiration4 Launch (210915-X-YM354-1013).jpg|75px]] |
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|[[File:Inspiration4 Launch (210915-X-YM354-1013).jpg|75px]] |
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|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Resilience|''Resilience'' C207.2]] |
|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Resilience|''Resilience'' C207.2]] |
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|16 September 2021 |
|16 September 2021 |
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|18 September 2021 |
|18 September 2021 |
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|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jared Isaacman]] |
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jared Isaacman]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Sian Proctor]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Hayley Arceneaux]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Christopher Sembroski]] |
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|[[Low Earth orbit]] |
|[[Low Earth orbit]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|{{Success}} |
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!17 |
!17 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-19]] |
|[[Soyuz MS-19]] |
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|[[File:Soyuz MS-19 Mission Patch.png|75px]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #749 |
|[[Soyuz MS]]<br/>11F732A48 #749 |
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|5 October 2021 |
|5 October 2021 |
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| |
|30 March 2022 |
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|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Anton Shkaplerov]] |
|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Anton Shkaplerov]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Klim Shipenko]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Yulia Peresild]] |
||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Success}} |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
!18 |
!18 |
||
|[[SpaceX Crew- |
|[[SpaceX Crew-3]]<br/>[[File:SpaceX Crew-3 logo.svg|75px]] |
||
⚫ | |||
|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Endurance|''Endurance'' C210.1]] |
|[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] [[Crew Dragon Endurance|''Endurance'' C210.1]] |
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|11 November 2021 |
|11 November 2021 |
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|6 May 2022 |
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⚫ | |||
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Raja Chari]] |
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Raja Chari]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Thomas Marshburn]]<br/>{{Flagicon|GER}} [[Matthias Maurer]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kayla Barron]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
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⚫ | |||
!19 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-20]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]] 11F732A48 #752 |
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|8 December 2021 |
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|20 December 2021 |
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|{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Aleksandr Misurkin]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Yusaku Maezawa]]<br/>{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Yozo Hirano]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
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|- |
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!20 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-21]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]] 11F732 #750 |
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|18 March 2022 |
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|29 September 2022 |
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|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Oleg Artemyev]]<br/>{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Denis Matveev]]<br/>{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Sergey Korsakov (cosmonaut)|Sergey Korsakov]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
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|- |
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!21 |
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|[[Axiom Mission 1]] |
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|[[Dragon 2]] [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour (C206.3)]] |
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|8 April 2022 |
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|15 April 2022 |
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|{{flagicon|USA}}/{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Michael López-Alegría]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Larry Connor]]<br>{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Mark Pathy]]<br>{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Eytan Stibbe]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
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|- |
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!22 |
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⚫ | |||
|[[Dragon 2]] [[Crew Dragon Freedom|Freedom (C212.1)]] |
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|27 April 2022 |
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|14 October 2022 |
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|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Robert Hines (astronaut)|Robert Hines]]<br>{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Samantha Cristoforetti]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jessica Watkins]] |
|||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|||
|{{Success}} |
|||
|- |
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!23 |
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⚫ | |||
|[[Dragon 2]] [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour (C206.4)]] |
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|2 March 2023 |
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| 4 September 2023 |
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|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Stephen Bowen (astronaut)|Stephen Bowen]]<br>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Warren Hoburg]]<br>{{flagicon|UAE}} [[Sultan Al Neyadi]]<br>{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Andrey Fedyaev]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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|{{Success}} |
|||
|- |
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!24 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-24]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]] 11F732 #755 |
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|15 September 2023 |
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|6 April 2024 |
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|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Oleg Kononenko]]<br/>{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Nikolai Chub]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Loral O'Hara]] |
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|[[International Space Station]] |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
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!25 |
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|[[Soyuz MS-25]] |
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|[[Soyuz MS]] 11F732 #756 |
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|23 March 2024 |
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|25 September 2024 |
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|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Oleg Novitsky]]<br/>{{Flagicon|BLR}} [[Marina Vasilevskaya]]<br/>{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Tracy Caldwell-Dyson]] |
|||
|[[International Space Station]] |
|[[International Space Station]] |
||
|{{Site active|In orbit}} |
|{{Site active|In orbit}} |
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Line 199: | Line 247: | ||
*[[List of human spaceflights]] |
*[[List of human spaceflights]] |
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*[[List of fully civilian crewed suborbital spaceflights]] |
*[[List of fully civilian crewed suborbital spaceflights]] |
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*[[Timeline of private spaceflight]] |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
Following the definition that a civilian is someone who is not part of their country's armed forces, there have been a total of 25 fully civilian crewed orbital space missions (2024), listed below:[1][2]
Spaceflight lists and timelines
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General |
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Human spaceflight |
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Solar System exploration |
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Earth-orbiting satellites |
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Vehicles |
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Launches by rocket type |
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Launches by spaceport |
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Agencies, companies and facilities |
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Other mission lists and timelines |
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