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{{Short description|Eating that takes place at a specific times}}
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The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to meals:

'''[[Meal]]''' &ndash; [[eating]] occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes specific, prepared [[food]], or the food eaten on that occasion.<ref>[http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/meal_1?q=meal meal noun (FOOD) - definition in the British English Dictionary & Thesaurus - Cambridge Dictionaries Online]</ref><ref>[http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/meal meal – Definition from Longman English Dictionary Online]</ref> The names used for specific meals in [[English (language)|English]] vary greatly, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal. Meals occur primarily at [[home]]s, [[restaurant]]s, and [[cafeteria]]s, but may occur anywhere. Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day. Special meals are usually held in conjunction with such occasions as [[birthday]]s, [[wedding]]s, [[Wedding anniversary|anniversaries]], and [[religious holiday|holidays]]. A meal is different from a [[snack]] in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling than snacks.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Wansink | first1 = B. | last2 = Payne | first2 = C. R. | last3 = Shimizu | first3 = M. | doi = 10.1016/j.appet.2009.09.016 | title = "Is this a meal or snack?" Situational cues that drive perceptions | journal = Appetite | volume = 54 | issue = 1 | pages = 214–216 | year = 2010 | pmid = 19808071| s2cid = 21246397 }}</ref> Meals are composed of one or more courses,<ref name="Smith2007">{{cite book|author=Andrew F. Smith|title=The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AoWlCmNDA3QC&pg=PA19|access-date=24 August 2013|date=1 May 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-530796-2|pages=19–}}</ref> which in turn are composed of one or more dishes.

== Types of meals ==

=== 3 main meals of the day ===

* [[Breakfast]] &ndash; eaten within an hour or two after a person wakes in the morning.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/breakfast?view=uk|title=AskOxford: breakfast|access-date=2008-07-20}}{{dead link|date=September 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> ([[Index of breakfast-related articles|Index]])
** [[Full breakfast]] &ndash; 
** [[Midnight breakfast]] &ndash;
* [[Lunch]] &ndash; eaten around mid-day, usually between 11&nbsp;am and 3&nbsp;pm. In some areas, the name for this meal depends on its content.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/lunch?view=uk|title=AskOxford: lunch|access-date=2008-07-20}}{{dead link|date=September 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
** [[Box lunch]] &ndash; Lunch that is packed in a box (in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth nations, this is known as a Packed Lunch, especially when in reference to a lunch taken to the workplace or place of education)
* [[Tea (meal)|Tea]] &ndash; eaten in the evening. In some areas, the name for this meal depends on its content, but many English-speakers use "supper" or "Dinner" for this meal, regardless of size.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/american_english/supper?region=us&q=supper |title=Definition of supper |access-date=2012-07-10}}{{dead link|date=September 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
** [[Dinner party (meal)|Dinner party]] &ndash;
** [[Full course dinner]] &ndash; in its simplest form, it can consist of three or four courses, such as soup, salad, main course and dessert. In formal dining, a full course dinner can consist of many courses, and in some instances the courses are carefully planned to complement each other gastronomically.

=== Types of meals, in the order served throughout the day ===
[[Image:Mumbai Dabbawala or Tiffin Wallahs- 200,000 Tiffin Boxes Delivered Per Day.jpg|thumb|A [[dabbawala]] in [[Mumbai]] with meals packed in [[tiffin carrier]]s]]
* [[Breakfast]] &ndash; meal eaten in the morning, usually before 10:00&nbsp;am. Later meals can involve breakfast food but are usually not considered breakfast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/breakfast |title=breakfast - definition of breakfast by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia |publisher=Thefreedictionary.com |access-date=28 March 2012}}</ref>
* [[Second breakfast]] &ndash; small meal eaten after breakfast, but before lunch. It is traditional in Bavaria, in Poland, and in Hungary. In Bavaria or Poland, special dishes are made exclusively to be eaten during second breakfast. In Vienna and most other parts of Austria the second breakfast is referred to as ''Jause''.<ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://oewb.retti.info/oewb-public/show.cgi?lexnr=cKtvkLZI/3Ly2aYTRWGsNy//SWWmzgJIYsje9OEtyCzYO495pGVr\A==&pgm_stat=show Database of Austrian German]. Retrieved 2010-03-19.</ref>
** [[Tiffin]] &ndash; [[second breakfast]] or light [[lunch]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/tiffin?q=tiffin | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224094900/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/tiffin?q=tiffin | url-status=dead | archive-date=December 24, 2013 | title=Definition of tiffin in English | publisher=Oxford Dictionaries | access-date=22 December 2013}}</ref> most commonly in [[India]]. "Tiffin" can also refer to boxed or packaged lunches eaten outside the home, such as those that are delivered by [[dabbawala]]s in [[Mumbai]] to workers in the city.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CnFYXwAACAAJ&q=tiffin | title=''Tiffin'' (abstract) | publisher=Midpoint Trade Books Incorporated | author=Narsimhan, Mahtab | year=2011 | isbn=978-1770860391}}</ref>
* [[Brunch]] &ndash; combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning but it can extend to as late as 3 pm.<ref>{{cite book|last=Palmatier|first=Robert Alan|title=Food: A Dictionary of Literal and Nonliteral Terms|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0313314360|page=40|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OqIe3YFwsFkC&dq=%22Sunday+brunch%22&pg=PA40}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.memidex.com/brunch+meal |title=brunch (meal) |work=Memidex/WordNet Dictionary |access-date=2011-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402124517/http://www.memidex.com/brunch+meal |archive-date=2019-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The word is a [[portmanteau]] of ''breakfast'' and ''lunch''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.foodnetwork.com/food/web/encyclopedia/termdetail/0,7770,667,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030805153243/http://web.foodnetwork.com/food/web/encyclopedia/termdetail/0,7770,667,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2003-08-05 |title=foodnetwork |publisher=Web.foodnetwork.com |access-date=2013-08-24 }}</ref> It is usually larger than a breakfast and usually replacing both breakfast and lunch; it is most common on Sundays. Brunch originated in England in the late 1800s, and in the 1930s became popular in the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yrTKLHbl4TkC&pg=PA8 | title=Joy of Cooking: All About Breakfast and Brunch | publisher=Simon and Schuster |author1=Rombauer, Irma S. |author-link=Irma S. Rombauer |author2=Becker, Marion Rombauer |author3=Becker, Ethan | year=2001 | pages=8 | isbn=0743206428}}</ref>
* [[Elevenses]] (also called "morning tea") &ndash; light snack<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntnrA6ubjIcC&pg=PA103 | title=Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism | publisher=A & C Black Publishers Ltd | author=A & C Black Publishers Ltd | year=2009 | pages=103 | isbn=978-1408102121}}</ref> and drink taken in the late morning after breakfast and before lunch.
* [[Lunch]] &ndash; midday [[meal]]<ref name="ety">[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=lunch&searchmode=none Online Etymology Dictionary]</ref> of varying size depending on the culture. The origin of the words lunch and luncheon relate to a small meal originally eaten at any time of the day or night, but during the 20th century gradually focused toward a small or mid-sized meal eaten at midday. Lunch is the second meal of the day after breakfast. Luncheon is now considered a formal lunch.<ref>{{cite web
 |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/luncheon
 |title=luncheon
 |website=merriam-webster.com
 |publisher=Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
 |access-date=17 May 2019}}</ref>
*[[File:Andhra Combo Meal.JPG|thumb|Typical south Indian [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhra]] style [[combination meal|combo meal]], [[India]]]][[Tea (meal)|Tea]] &ndash; any of several different meals or mealtimes, depending on a country's customs and its history of drinking tea. However, in those countries where the term's use is common, the influences are generally those of the former [[British Empire]] (now the [[Commonwealth of Nations]]). Tea as a meal can be small or large.
:* [[Tea (meal)#Afternoon tea|Afternoon tea]] &ndash; mid-afternoon meal, typically taken at 4&nbsp;pm, consisting of light fare such as small sandwiches, individual cakes and scones with [[tea]].<ref name="Tea">{{cite web|url=http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/tea?view=uk|title=AskOxford: tea|access-date=2008-07-20}}{{dead link|date=September 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
[[File:WLA ima Ming burial figurine table.jpg|thumb|Ceramic meal in a [[Ming Dynasty]] burial figurine table]]
:* [[Tea (meal)#Evening high tea|High tea]] &ndash; British meal usually eaten in the early evening.<ref name="Tea"/>
* Linner/Lupper/Dunch/Dinch &ndash;- Not in general use. Linner is a late lunch or almost dinner meal. The name comes in reference to brunch, being a combination of the words "lunch" and "dinner" or "supper."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2010/06/13/the-ladies-who-linner/|title=The ladies who 'linner'|last=Kaplan|first=Don|date=2010-06-13|website=New York Post|language=en|access-date=2019-06-17}}</ref> Dunch comes in reference to brunch, being a combination of "dinner and "lunch." An alternate historical term is ''Russin.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/41975/41975-h/41975-h.htm|title=A Dictionary of the First, or Oldest Words in the English Language|last=Colderigde|first=Herbert|date=1862|website=Project Gutenberg|language=en|access-date=2023-07-05}}</ref>
* [[Dinner]] &ndash; Usually the largest and most elaborate meal of the day, which can replace either lunch, high tea, or supper. However, the term "dinner" can have many different meanings depending on the culture; it may mean a meal of any size eaten at any time of day.<ref>{{cite web|last=Olver|first=Lynne|author-link=Lynne Olver|title=Meal times|url=http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq7.html#mealtimes|work=[[The Food Timeline]]|access-date=2 April 2014}}</ref> Historically, in British culture, dinner was taken at midday for children and manual workers; in the early evening for office workers; and in the late evening by the wealthier elements of society. During the latter half of the 20th century there has been a cultural shift towards everyone having the main meal in the late evening. The meaning as the evening meal, now generally the largest of the day, is becoming standard in most parts of the English-speaking world.
* [[Supper]] &ndash; light meal eaten in the late evening; as early as 7pm or as late as midnight. Usually eaten when the main meal of the day is taken at lunchtime or high tea.
* High Tea - a light meal consisting of tea, bread, vegetables, cheese and occasionally meat. Variations on high tea could include the addition of pies, potatoes and crackers. High tea is generally eaten late in the evening from around 8pm<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is High Tea? |url=https://afternoontea.co.uk/information/what-is-high-tea/ |access-date=20 Jun 2024}}</ref>
* [[Siu yeh]] &ndash; late-night or overnight meal usually after dinner, may start anywhere from 9&nbsp;pm onwards to 4&nbsp;am. It is popular in [[Cuisine of Hong Kong|Hong Kong]], [[Taiwanese cuisine|Taiwan]], some parts of [[Northern and southern China|southern mainland China]] and amongst students in India.
* Midnight [[snack]] &ndash; late-night or early morning meal popular in the United States among people with pre-sleep hunger pangs, late-night revelers, and insomniacs.

=== Styles of meal ===

==== Styles of meal, by format ====

* [[Airline meal]] – A meal served on an airplane. 
* [[Banquet]] – large, formal, elaborate meal, with many guests and dishes.<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/banquet "Banquet."] (definition). [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Merriam-webster.com]. Accessed August 2011.</ref>
* [[Barbecue]] – meal at which food (often meat or fish) is cooked out-of-doors on an open fire or portable grill.<ref>{{Citation | title=Outdoor: grill your way 'round the world | author1=O'Donoghue, Ben | author-link=Ben O'Donoghue | year=2008 | publisher=Hardie Grant Books | location = Prahran, Victoria, Australia |isbn =9781740665599}}</ref>
* [[Blue-plate special]] – term used in the United States by restaurants that refers to a specially low-priced meal, usually changing daily.
* [[Buffet]] / [[Smörgåsbord]] – typically involves patrons serving themselves from foods placed in a public area. Buffets are effective for serving large numbers of people at once, and are often seen in institutional settings, such as business conventions or large parties. Some restaurants also offer buffets such as; lunch buffets, different cultural buffets, Simple Buffet, Station-type buffet, Modified deluxe buffet, Deluxe buffet, and other specific buffet restaurants.
* [[Collation (meal)|Collation]] &ndash;
* [[Family meal]] &ndash; 
* [[Field ration]] &ndash;
** [[Meal, Ready-to-Eat]] &ndash;
* [[Haute cuisine]] &ndash;
* [[Kaiseki]] &ndash;
* [[Kids' meal]] – 
* [[Meals on Wheels]] &ndash; meals delivered as a service to the homes of people who are unable to prepare their own.<ref>{{Citation | title=Meals on Wheels : what it is - how it began - what it is now - what it can become! | author1=Meals on Wheels Inc. (S. Aust.) | year=1963 | publisher=Meals on Wheels}}</ref>
* [[Multicourse meal]] – meal of multiple dishes served in sequence.
** [[Full course dinner]] &ndash; in its simplest form, it can consist of three or four courses, such as soup, salad, meat and dessert. In formal dining, a full course dinner can consist of many courses, and in some instances the courses are carefully planned to complement each other gastronomically.
** [[Main course]] &ndash; featured or primary dish in a meal consisting of several courses. It usually follows the [[entrée]] ("entry") course. In the United States it may in fact be called "entree."
* [[Picnic]] &ndash; outdoor meal where one brings one's food, such as a [[sandwich]] or a prepared meal (sometimes in a [[picnic basket]]). It often takes place in a natural or recreational area, such as a park, forest, beach, or lawn. On long drives a picnic may take place at a roadside stop such as a [[rest area]]. Picnics are often consumed on a [[picnic table]].
* [[Platter (dinner)|Platter]] &ndash; 
* [[Potluck]] – gathering of people where each person or group of people may contribute a dish of food prepared by the person or the group of people, to be shared among the group.
* [[School meal]] – 
* "[[TV dinner]]" &ndash;
* [[Value meal]] &ndash;
* [[Yum cha]] – [[Cantonese cuisine|Cantonese]] morning or afternoon meal where [[dim sum]] dishes<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CML_o_k8r5kC&pg=PA145 | title=Hong Kong | publisher=[[Lonely Planet]] |author1=Sterling, Richard |author-link=Richard Sterling |author2=Chong, Elizabeth |author2-link=Elizabeth Chong |author3=Qin, Lushan Charles | year=2001 | pages=145 | isbn=1864502886}}</ref> and [[tea]] are served. In the U.S. and U.K., the word dim sum is often used in place of yum cha.

==== Styles of meal, by cuisine ====

Styles of meal, by cuisine &ndash; some examples of meals by cooking style, such as ethnic or regional meals include:
* [[Dal bhat]] &ndash; 
* [[Fish fry]] &ndash;
* [[Hog fry]] &ndash; 
* [[Jiggs dinner]] &ndash; 
* [[Mixed grill]] &ndash;
* [[New England boiled dinner]] &ndash; 
* [[Plate lunch]] &ndash; 
* [[Ploughman's lunch]] &ndash; 
* [[Sunday roast]] &ndash;
* [[Thali]] &ndash;
* [[Girl Dinner]]

=== Meals for religious occasions ===
==== Christianity ====
* [[Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper]] &ndash; festive meal served on [[Christmas Eve]].
==== Islam ====
* [[Eid al-Fitr]] &ndash; festive meal served on Eid al-Fitr.
* [[Suhur]] &ndash; meal consumed before dawn by [[Muslim]]s prior to fasting at the [[Islam]]ic month of [[Ramadan]].
* [[Iftar]] &ndash; meal consumed after dusk by [[Muslim]]s after breaking the fast at the [[Islam]]ic month of [[Ramadan]].

==== Sikhism ====
* [[Langar (Sikhism)|Langar]] &ndash; communal vegetarian meal of which anyone may eat.

=== Meals for special occasions ===

* [[Bull roast]] – 
* [[Communal meal]] &ndash;
* [[Deipnon]] – 
* [[Free lunch]] &ndash;
* [[Last meal]] – meal served to a prisoner before their execution.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/study-death-row-inmates-pick-comfort-foods-for-last-meals/ | title=Study: Death Row inmates pick comfort foods for last meals | date=August 29, 2012 | agency=[[CBS News]] | access-date=22 December 2013 | author=(AP)}}</ref>
* [[Pig roast]] – 
* [[Réveillon]] – celebratory long dinner held on [[Christmas Eve]] in French-speaking countries.
* [[Sacred meal]] – such as the [[Eucharist]], a form of [[theophagy]] or symbolic rite.
* Wedding-related meals
** [[Rehearsal dinner]] – a pre-[[wedding]] ceremony in [[North America]]n tradition, usually held after the wedding rehearsal and the night before the wedding ceremony.
** [[Wedding reception]] &ndash;
*** [[Wedding breakfast]] &ndash; dinner given to the [[bride]], [[groom]], and guests at the [[wedding reception]] that follows a [[wedding]] in the [[United Kingdom]], [[Australia]], Germany, Austria and Scandinavia.

== History of meals ==

* [[History of breakfast]] &ndash; 
* [[History of lunch]] &ndash; 
* [[History of dinner]] &ndash; 
* [[Symbolic meal]] &ndash; such as were prepared for or represented in tombs, were designed for consumption by the deceased in the after-life. They are often represented in [[funerary art]].
* [[Manchu Han Imperial Feast]] &ndash;

== Components of a meal ==

* [[Drink]] &ndash; 
* [[Food]] &ndash; 
** [[Cuisine]] &ndash; food prepared in a particular way. A cuisine is a style of cooking characterized by distinctive ingredients, [[List of cooking techniques|techniques]] and dishes, and usually associated with a specific culture or geographic region.<ref>[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cuisine "Cuisine."] [http://www.thefreedictionary.com Thefreedictionary.com]. Accessed June 2011.</ref><ref>Cuisine [def. 1]. (2014). ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online''. Retrieved 11 March 2015, from http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/45611</ref><ref name="cuisine">[http://www.eldrbarry.net/hatr/eldrcuis.htm "The American Food Revolutions: Cuisines in America."] [http://www.eldrbarry.net Eldrbarry.net]. Accessed June 2011.</ref>
** [[Course (food)|Course]] &ndash; specific set of food items that are served together during a meal, all at the same time. A course may include multiple dishes or only one, and often includes items with some variety of flavors. For instance, a hamburger served with fries would be considered a single course, and most likely the entire meal. ''See also [[full course dinner]].''
*** [[Hors d'oeuvre]] &ndash; literally "apart from the [main] work") or the first course, is a food item served before the main courses of a meal, typically smaller than main dishes, and often meant to be eaten by hand (with minimal use of cutlery).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/hors-d%27oeuvre?q=Hors+d%27oeuvre|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140915173652/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/hors-d%27oeuvre?q=Hors+d%27oeuvre|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 15, 2014|title=hors d'oeuvre - definition of hors d'oeuvre in English from the Oxford dictionary|work=oxforddictionaries.com|access-date=18 March 2015}}</ref> Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal, or they may be served before seating.
*** [[Entrée]] &ndash; dish served before the main course, or between two principal courses of a meal.<ref name="Oxford Dictionaries">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722055750/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/entr%C3%A9e Oxford Dictionaries]</ref><ref name="American Heritage Dictionary">[http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/entree American Heritage Dictionary] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021135411/http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/entree |date=2011-10-21 }}</ref><ref name="Grand dictionnaire de cuisine">According to [[Alexandre Dumas, père|Alexandre Dumas]]' [http://www.dumaspere.com/pages/biblio/chapitrecuisine.php?lid=c1&cid=369 ''Grand dictionnaire de cuisine''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121115252/http://www.dumaspere.com/pages/biblio/chapitrecuisine.php?lid=c1&cid=369 |date=2008-11-21 }} (1871), an entrée is a『Préparation chaude qui accompagne ou suit le potage,』a "hot preparation that accompanies or follows the soup."</ref>
*** [[Main course]] &ndash; featured or primary dish in a meal consisting of several courses. It usually follows the entrée ("entry") course. In the United States and parts of Canada, it may be called "entrée."
*** [[Dessert]] &ndash; typically sweet course that concludes an evening meal. The course usually consists of sweet foods, but may include other items. In world cultures there are a wide variety of desserts including cakes, tarts, cookies, biscuits, gelatins, pastries, ice creams, pies, puddings, custards, and sweet soups. Fruit is also commonly found in dessert courses because of its naturally occurring sweetness.
** [[Dish (food)|Dishes]] &ndash; specific food preparation, a "distinct article or variety of food",<ref>[[OED]]</ref> with [[cooking]] finished, and ready to eat, or be served. A "dish" may be served on tableware, or may be eaten out of hand; but breads are generally not called "dishes."
*** Types of dishes
**** [[Entrée]] &ndash; dish served before the main course, or between two principal courses of a meal.<ref name="Oxford Dictionaries"/><ref name="American Heritage Dictionary"/><ref name="Grand dictionnaire de cuisine"/>
**** [[Side dish]] &ndash; food item that accompanies the [[entrée]] or [[main course]] at a [[meal]].<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/side%20dish "Side dish."] (definition.) [http://www.merriam-webster.com Merriam-webster.com]. Accessed August 2011.</ref>
*** Styles of dishes
**** [[National dish]] &ndash; culinary [[Dish (food)|dish]] that is strongly associated with a particular country.,<ref name=Natg>{{cite web|title=Top Ten National Dishes|url=http://travel.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/|publisher=National Geographic Magazine (Travel section)|access-date=2013-03-06}}</ref> and are part of a nation's identity and self-image.<ref name=Janer2008>{{Cite book|title=Latino food culture|series=Food cultures in America|author=Zilkia Janer|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2008|isbn=9780313340277|pages=71–73}}</ref> A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons:
***** It is a staple food, made from a selection of locally available foodstuffs that can be prepared in a distinctive way, such as ''[[Shellfish|Fruits de mer]]'', served along the west coast of [[France]].<ref name="Natg" />
***** It contains a particular 'exotic' ingredient that is produced locally, such as the [[South America]]n [[paprika]] grown in the European [[Pyrenees]].<ref name=Natg />
***** It is served as a [[Festival|festive]] culinary tradition that forms part of a [[cultural heritage]]&mdash;for example, [[barbecue]]s at [[summer camp]] or [[fondue]] at [[Party#Dinner party|dinner parties]]&mdash;or as part of a [[Religion|religious practice]] such as [[Korban Pesach]] or [[Iftar]] celebrations.<ref name=Natg />
** [[Bread]] &ndash; staple food prepared from a dough of flour and water, usually by baking. Throughout recorded history it has been popular around the world and is one of the oldest artificial foods, having been of importance since the dawn of agriculture. ''See [[List of breads]].''
** [[Garnish (food)|Garnishes]] &ndash; items or substances used as a decoration or embellishment accompanying a prepared food dish or drink. In many cases, it may give added or contrasting [[Flavor (taste)|flavor]]. Some garnishes are selected mainly to augment the visual impact of the plate, while others are selected specifically for the flavor they may impart.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.foodterms.com/encyclopedia/garnish/index.html|title=Garnish|encyclopedia=Food Encyclopedia|publisher=Food Network|access-date=1 September 2012}}</ref>
** [[Condiment]]s &ndash; spice, sauce or other food preparation that is added to foods to impart a particular flavor, enhance its flavor,<ref>Merriam-Webster: Definition of condiment</ref> or in some [[cultures]], to complement the dish. ''See [[List of condiments]].''
** [[Leftovers]] &ndash;

== Meal-related activities ==

* [[Eating]] &ndash; 
* [[Food service]] &ndash; 
** [[Table service]] &ndash; 
*** [[Service à la française]] &ndash; practice of serving various dishes of a meal at the same time
*** [[Service à la russe]] &ndash; manner of dining that involves courses being brought to the table sequentially
* [[Meal preparation]] &ndash; 
** [[Food preparation]] &ndash; 
*** [[Cooking]] &ndash;

== Meal venues ==

* [[Cafeteria]] &ndash;
* [[Dining room]] &ndash;
* [[Restaurant]] &ndash;
* [[Langar (Sikhism)|Langar]] &ndash;
* [[Dhaba]] &ndash;
* Lori{{clarify|date=February 2022|reason=No WP page: What is a "lori"?}} &ndash;

== Meal implements ==

* [[Table (furniture)|Table]] &ndash;
** [[Picnic table]] &ndash; modified table with attached benches, designed for eating a meal outdoors (picnicking).
* [[Chair]]s &ndash;
* [[Tableware]] &ndash;
* [[Glassware]] &ndash;
* [[List of eating utensils|Eating utensils]] &ndash;

== Aspects of a meal ==

* [[Menu]] &ndash; 
:* [[À la carte]] &ndash; 
:* [[Table d'hôte]] &ndash; 
:* [[Tasting menu]] &ndash; 
* [[Nutrition]] &ndash;

=== Meal structure, by type of cuisine ===
* [[Arab cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in Arab cuisine]]
* [[Aztec cuisine#Meals|Meal structure in Aztec cuisine]]
* [[Bengali cuisine#Bengali meals|Meal structure in Bengali cuisine]]
* [[Danish cuisine#Main meals|Meal structure in Danish cuisine]]
* [[Dutch cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in Dutch cuisine]]
* [[English cuisine#Meals|Meal structure in English cuisine]]
* [[French cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in French cuisine]]
* [[German cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in German cuisine]]
* [[Iranian cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in Iranian (Persian) cuisine]]
* [[Meal structure in Italy|Meal structure in Italian cuisine]]
* [[Moroccan cuisine#Structure of meals|Meal structure in Moroccan cuisine]]
* [[Lithuanian cuisine#Formal meal structure|Meal structure in Lithuanian cuisine]]

<gallery class="center" caption="" widths="175px" heights="175px">
Image:Albert Anker - Stillleben - Unmässigkeit.jpg|Simple meals often consist of bread or meat or as here, both together [[Albert Anker]], [[Still life]] ''Excess'' (1896)
File:Peninsula Afternoon tea.jpg|Afternoon tea
File:Sveas brunch (cropped).jpg|[[Brunch]] foods
File:Toronto Picnic.jpg|People enjoying a [[picnic]]
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Food|Drink|Society}}

* [[Gastronomy]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* Flandrin, Jean Louis (2007). [https://books.google.com/books?id=oDqNbd_b3oQC ''Arranging the Meal: A History of Table Service in France'']. University of California Press. {{ISBN|0520238850}}
* Latham, Jean (1972) [https://books.google.com/books?id=uZ1jQgAACAAJ ''The pleasure of your company: a history of manners & meals''], London: A. and C. Black. {{ISBN|0713612649}}
* [[Michael Pollan|Pollan, Michael]] (2006).  [https://books.google.com/books?id=Qh7dkdVsbDkC ''The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals'']. Penguin. {{ISBN|1594200823}}
* [[Hervé This|This, Hervé]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=GJIiz6g9PCoC ''Building a Meal: From Molecular Gastronomy to Culinary Constructivism'']. Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|0231144660}}

==External links==
* [http://www.history-magazine.com/dinner2.html "What Time is Dinner?"] – a historian looks at the evolution of mealtimes.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140829163909/http://www.cheapeasymeals.org/ Easy meals] on budget and cheap and healthy eating tips by Ali Khairat (archived 29 August 2014)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111116231933/http://womensportsfitness.com/?id=4e24f66c "Small meals or big ones?"] – a comparison of the number of meals taken per day (archived 16 November 2011)

[[Category:Outlines of health and fitness|meals]]
[[Category:Outlines|meals]]
[[Category:Meals]]

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