Content that violates any copyrights will be deleted. Encyclopedic content must be verifiable through citations to reliable sources.
You are about to undo an edit. Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, then publish the changes below to finish undoing the edit. If you are undoing an edit that is not vandalism, explain the reason in the edit summary. Do not use the default message only. |
| Latest revision | Your text | ||
| Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
===First Era: 1911–1920=== |
===First Era: 1911–1920=== |
||
[[File:Zdvyhovyj pokhid.jpg|thumb|left|200px|March of Plastuny, 1914]] |
[[File:Zdvyhovyj pokhid.jpg|thumb|left|200px|March of Plastuny, 1914]] |
||
Plast was founded in [[Lviv]] (Lwów, Lemberg), [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Austro-Hungarian Galicia]] in 1911 as the Ukrainian Scout Organization. Ukrainian Scouting has been known since its inception as "Plast". In Ukrainian a ''[[plastun]]'' is a historical name for a [[Cossack]] [[reconnaissance|scout]] and [[wikt:sentry|sentry]] serviceman. The founder of Ukrainian Scouting, [[Oleksander Tysovsky]], affectionately known as "Drot," adapted the universal Scout principles to the needs and interests of Ukrainian youth.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
Plast was founded in [[Lviv]] (Lwów, Lemberg), [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Austro-Hungarian Galicia]] in 1911 as the Ukrainian Scout Organization. Ukrainian Scouting has been known since its inception as "Plast". In Ukrainian a ''[[plastun]]'' is a historical name for a [[Cossack]] [[reconnaissance|scout]] and [[wikt:sentry|sentry]] serviceman. The founder of Ukrainian Scouting, Dr. [[Oleksander Tysovsky]], affectionately known as "Drot," adapted the universal Scout principles to the needs and interests of Ukrainian youth.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
||
Born during great social and political upheavals in Europe, Ukrainian Plast came into being to fulfill specific national aims, unlike other Scout organizations. The first Scout troops were formed in Lviv in 1911 by [[Petro Franko]] and [[Ivan Chmola]]. Plast is generally deemed to have been officially founded by Oleksander Tysovsky on 1 April 1912, at the Lviv Academic Gymnasium.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
Born during great social and political upheavals in Europe, Ukrainian Plast came into being to fulfill specific national aims, unlike other Scout organizations. The first Scout troops were formed in Lviv in 1911 by [[Petro Franko]] and [[Ivan Chmola]]. Plast is generally deemed to have been officially founded by Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky on 1 April 1912, at the Lviv Academic Gymnasium.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
||
Scouting spread rapidly to the other cities and towns, and by 1913 the first Supreme Scout Council had been formed and the first handbook published. The same year, the ''Orhanizatsiyniy Plast Komitet'' was formed in Lviv by Plast groups from different regions, and the first hiking camp was organized.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
Scouting spread rapidly to the other cities and towns, and by 1913 the first Supreme Scout Council had been formed and the first handbook published. The same year, the ''Orhanizatsiyniy Plast Komitet'' was formed in Lviv by Plast groups from different regions, and the first hiking camp was organized.{{fact|date=September 2022}} |
||
| Line 59: | Line 59: | ||
The Soviet victory in the [[Ukrainian War of Independence|civil war]] in 1922 led to an immediate abolition of all non-communist scout activities in this region. In the Romanian area of [[Bukovina]], the development of Plast was likewise hampered. Ukrainian Scouting was among the first to suffer what later became the fate of many Scout Associations throughout the world. In areas later to become western Ukraine, which included parts of [[Czechoslovakia]] and [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], the Scout movement emerged from the ruins of war with renewed vitality. During this period, Ukrainian Scouting first requested international recognition, but was denied on political grounds. |
The Soviet victory in the [[Ukrainian War of Independence|civil war]] in 1922 led to an immediate abolition of all non-communist scout activities in this region. In the Romanian area of [[Bukovina]], the development of Plast was likewise hampered. Ukrainian Scouting was among the first to suffer what later became the fate of many Scout Associations throughout the world. In areas later to become western Ukraine, which included parts of [[Czechoslovakia]] and [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], the Scout movement emerged from the ruins of war with renewed vitality. During this period, Ukrainian Scouting first requested international recognition, but was denied on political grounds. |
||
In spite of numerous obstacles, Plast developed rapidly in the Polish areas, with high levels of membership among students, farmers and workers. A key sponsor was Metropolitan [[Andrey Sheptytsky]], the Archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (1901–1944), who donated a campsite called "Sokil" in the [[Carpathian Mountains]]. A number of publications are introduced, including the official organ ''Molode Zhyttia'' and Oleksander Tysovsky's seminal handbook, ''Zhyttia v Plasti''. |
In spite of numerous obstacles, Plast developed rapidly in the Polish areas, with high levels of membership among students, farmers and workers. A key sponsor was Metropolitan [[Andrey Sheptytsky]], the Archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (1901–1944), who donated a campsite called "Sokil" in the [[Carpathian Mountains]]. A number of publications are introduced, including the official organ ''Molode Zhyttia'' and Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky's seminal handbook, ''Zhyttia v Plasti''. |
||
In the late 1920s, external pressure on the part of the Polish authorities seriously impaired further growth of Plast on its territory, and eventually led to an outright abolition of Ukrainian Scouting in 1928 in the [[Volyn]] region, and in [[Halychyna]] in 1930. However, Plast continued to flourish in [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], the ethnic Ukrainian area within Czechoslovakia, and maintained a close liaison with the underground Scout units in parts of central Ukraine under the Soviet Union until [[World War II]] and Western Ukraine under Poland.<ref name="Kroonenberg 1998 121">{{cite book |
In the late 1920s, external pressure on the part of the Polish authorities seriously impaired further growth of Plast on its territory, and eventually led to an outright abolition of Ukrainian Scouting in 1928 in the [[Volyn]] region, and in [[Halychyna]] in 1930. However, Plast continued to flourish in [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], the ethnic Ukrainian area within Czechoslovakia, and maintained a close liaison with the underground Scout units in parts of central Ukraine under the Soviet Union until [[World War II]] and Western Ukraine under Poland.<ref name="Kroonenberg 1998 121">{{cite book |
||
| Line 194: | Line 194: | ||
At the beginning of 1995, there were 85 local groups and councils, with over 3,500 Scouts. |
At the beginning of 1995, there were 85 local groups and councils, with over 3,500 Scouts. |
||
In August 1997, Plast Ukrainian Scouting celebrated the 85th anniversary since the first Scouting units appeared in Ukraine in 1911, with a Plast Jamboree at the renamed Sokil Plast Museum-Camp, attended by 700 Scouts from 34 units throughout Ukraine. Highlights of this Jamboree included the inauguration the third ''Nachalniy Plastun'' (Chief Scout) in Plast's history, and the first ever inaugurated in Ukraine, [[Lubomyr Romankiw]] on 10 August 1997; the opening of the Museum at this historic campsite, donated by Metropolitan [[Andrey Sheptytsky]], which had been used by Plast from 1924 to 1944; and the attendance of several Scouts from the First Era of Ukrainian Scouting, including the 93-year-old composer [[Mykola Kolessa]]. |
In August 1997, Plast Ukrainian Scouting celebrated the 85th anniversary since the first Scouting units appeared in Ukraine in 1911, with a Plast Jamboree at the renamed Sokil Plast Museum-Camp, attended by 700 Scouts from 34 units throughout Ukraine. Highlights of this Jamboree included the inauguration the third ''Nachalniy Plastun'' (Chief Scout) in Plast's history, and the first ever inaugurated in Ukraine, Dr. [[Lubomyr Romankiw]] on 10 August 1997; the opening of the Museum at this historic campsite, donated by Metropolitan [[Andrey Sheptytsky]], which had been used by Plast from 1924 to 1944; and the attendance of several Scouts from the First Era of Ukrainian Scouting, including the 93-year-old composer [[Mykola Kolessa]]. |
||
In addition, [[Scouting in Ukraine|other Scouting groups]] have been spontaneously appearing, mostly in the eastern and southern parts of Ukraine. Most of them participated, together with Plast, in the Ukrainian delegation to the 18th [[World Scout Jamboree]] in the [[Netherlands]] in 1995, as well as the First All-Ukrainian Scout Jamboree in Nevytske, and the Second Slavic Jamboree in [[Prague]], Czech Republic. |
In addition, [[Scouting in Ukraine|other Scouting groups]] have been spontaneously appearing, mostly in the eastern and southern parts of Ukraine. Most of them participated, together with Plast, in the Ukrainian delegation to the 18th [[World Scout Jamboree]] in the [[Netherlands]] in 1995, as well as the First All-Ukrainian Scout Jamboree in Nevytske, and the Second Slavic Jamboree in [[Prague]], Czech Republic. |
||
Copy and paste: – — ° ′ ″ ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥ ± − × ÷ ← → · § Cite your sources: <ref></ref>
{{}} {{{}}} | [] [[]] [[Category:]] #REDIRECT [[]] <s></s> <sup></sup> <sub></sub> <code></code> <pre></pre> <blockquote></blockquote> <ref></ref> <ref name="" /> {{Reflist}} <references /> <includeonly></includeonly> <noinclude></noinclude> {{DEFAULTSORT:}} <nowiki></nowiki> <!-- --> <span class="plainlinks"></span>
Symbols: ~ | ¡ ¿ † ‡ ↔ ↑ ↓ • ¶ # ∞ ‹› «» ¤ ₳ ฿ ₵ ¢ ₡ ₢ $ ₫ ₯ € ₠ ₣ ƒ ₴ ₭ ₤ ℳ ₥ ₦ № ₧ ₰ £ ៛ ₨ ₪ ৳ ₮ ₩ ¥ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦ 𝄫 ♭ ♮ ♯ 𝄪 © ® ™
Latin: A a Á á À à  â Ä ä Ǎ ǎ Ă ă Ā ā à ã Å å Ą ą Æ æ Ǣ ǣ B b C c Ć ć Ċ ċ Ĉ ĉ Č č Ç ç D d Ď ď Đ đ Ḍ ḍ Ð ð E e É é È è Ė ė Ê ê Ë ë Ě ě Ĕ ĕ Ē ē Ẽ ẽ Ę ę Ẹ ẹ Ɛ ɛ Ǝ ǝ Ə ə F f G g Ġ ġ Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ Ģ ģ H h Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ḥ ḥ I i İ ı Í í Ì ì Î î Ï ï Ǐ ǐ Ĭ ĭ Ī ī Ĩ ĩ Į į Ị ị J j Ĵ ĵ K k Ķ ķ L l Ĺ ĺ Ŀ ŀ Ľ ľ Ļ ļ Ł ł Ḷ ḷ Ḹ ḹ M m Ṃ ṃ N n Ń ń Ň ň Ñ ñ Ņ ņ Ṇ ṇ Ŋ ŋ O o Ó ó Ò ò Ô ô Ö ö Ǒ ǒ Ŏ ŏ Ō ō Õ õ Ǫ ǫ Ọ ọ Ő ő Ø ø Œ œ Ɔ ɔ P p Q q R r Ŕ ŕ Ř ř Ŗ ŗ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ S s Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Š š Ş ş Ș ș Ṣ ṣ ß T t Ť ť Ţ ţ Ț ț Ṭ ṭ Þ þ U u Ú ú Ù ù Û û Ü ü Ǔ ǔ Ŭ ŭ Ū ū Ũ ũ Ů ů Ų ų Ụ ụ Ű ű Ǘ ǘ Ǜ ǜ Ǚ ǚ Ǖ ǖ V v W w Ŵ ŵ X x Y y Ý ý Ŷ ŷ Ÿ ÿ Ỹ ỹ Ȳ ȳ Z z Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ß Ð ð Þ þ Ŋ ŋ Ə ə
Greek: Ά ά Έ έ Ή ή Ί ί Ό ό Ύ ύ Ώ ώ Α α Β β Γ γ Δ δ Ε ε Ζ ζ Η η Θ θ Ι ι Κ κ Λ λ Μ μ Ν ν Ξ ξ Ο ο Π π Ρ ρ Σ σ ς Τ τ Υ υ Φ φ Χ χ Ψ ψ Ω ω {{Polytonic|}}
Cyrillic: А а Б б В в Г г Ґ ґ Ѓ ѓ Д д Ђ ђ Е е Ё ё Є є Ж ж З з Ѕ ѕ И и І і Ї ї Й й Ј ј К к Ќ ќ Л л Љ љ М м Н н Њ њ О о П п Р р С с Т т Ћ ћ У у Ў ў Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Џ џ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я ́
IPA: t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ ɟ ɡ ɢ ʡ ʔ ɸ β θ ð ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ ɦ ɱ ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ ʋ ɹ ɻ ɰ ʙ ⱱ ʀ ɾ ɽ ɫ ɬ ɮ ɺ ɭ ʎ ʟ ɥ ʍ ɧ ʼ ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ ɨ ʉ ɯ ɪ ʏ ʊ ø ɘ ɵ ɤ ə ɚ ɛ œ ɜ ɝ ɞ ʌ ɔ æ ɐ ɶ ɑ ɒ ʰ ʱ ʷ ʲ ˠ ˤ ⁿ ˡ ˈ ˌ ː ˑ ̪ {{IPA|}}
Wikidata entities used in this page
Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):
This page is a member of 9 hidden categories (help):
