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Companies first began manufacturing radios advertised as portables shortly after the start of commercial broadcasting in the early 1920s. The vast majority of tube radios of the era used batteries and could be set up and operated anywhere, but most did not have features designed for portability such as handles and built in speakers. Some of the earliest portable tube radios were the Winn "Portable Wireless Set No. 149" that appeared in 1920 and the Grebe Model KT-1 that followed a year later. Crystal sets such as the Westinghouse Aeriola Jr. and the [[RCA]] Radiola 1 were also advertised as portable radios.<ref name="Schiffer1991">{{cite book|author=Michael B. Schiffer|title=The Portable Radio in American Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5C87BmhRegC&pg=PA66|year=1991|publisher=University of Arizona Press|isbn=978-0-8165-1284-3|pages=66–}}</ref> |
Companies first began manufacturing radios advertised as portables shortly after the start of commercial broadcasting in the early 1920s. The vast majority of tube radios of the era used batteries and could be set up and operated anywhere, but most did not have features designed for portability such as handles and built in speakers. Some of the earliest portable tube radios were the Winn "Portable Wireless Set No. 149" that appeared in 1920 and the Grebe Model KT-1 that followed a year later. Crystal sets such as the Westinghouse Aeriola Jr. and the [[RCA]] Radiola 1 were also advertised as portable radios.<ref name="Schiffer1991">{{cite book|author=Michael B. Schiffer|title=The Portable Radio in American Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5C87BmhRegC&pg=PA66|year=1991|publisher=University of Arizona Press|isbn=978-0-8165-1284-3|pages=66–}}</ref> |
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Thanks to miniaturized vacuum tubes first developed in 1940, smaller portable radios appeared on the market from manufacturers such as [[Zenith Electronics|Zenith]] and [[General Electric]]. First introduced in 1942, Zenith's [[Trans-Oceanic]] line of portable radios were designed to provide entertainment broadcasts as well as being able to tune into weather, marine and international shortwave stations. By the 1950s, a "golden age" of tube portables included [[lunchbox]]-sized tube radios like the Emerson 560, that featured molded plastic cases. So-called "pocket portable" radios like the RCA BP10 had existed since the 1940s, but their actual size was compatible with only the largest of coat pockets.<ref name="Schiffer1991" /> But some, like the Privat-ear and Dyna-mite pocket radios, were small enough to fit a pocket.<ref>[https://books.google. |
Thanks to miniaturized vacuum tubes first developed in 1940, smaller portable radios appeared on the market from manufacturers such as [[Zenith Electronics|Zenith]] and [[General Electric]]. First introduced in 1942, Zenith's [[Trans-Oceanic]] line of portable radios were designed to provide entertainment broadcasts as well as being able to tune into weather, marine and international shortwave stations. By the 1950s, a "golden age" of tube portables included [[lunchbox]]-sized tube radios like the Emerson 560, that featured molded plastic cases. So-called "pocket portable" radios like the RCA BP10 had existed since the 1940s, but their actual size was compatible with only the largest of coat pockets.<ref name="Schiffer1991" /> But some, like the Privat-ear and Dyna-mite pocket radios, were small enough to fit a pocket.<ref>[https://books.google.no/books?id=ODRrEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA166&dq=subminiature+tubes+shirt-pocket+portables+Pocket-Mite+Micro-Electronics+Privat-ear&hl=no&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiN9Kb727CAAxWVSvEDHQ9ACS0Q6AF6BAgIEAI#v=onepage&q=subminiature%20tubes%20shirt-pocket%20portables%20Pocket-Mite%20Micro-Electronics%20Privat-ear&f=false The Portable Radio in American Life]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.no/books?id=8NsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44&dq=dyna-mite+pocket+radio&hl=no&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp9a_23bCAAxU-QfEDHZpoD6UQ6AF6BAgNEAI#v=onepage&q=dyna-mite%20pocket%20radio&f=false Popular Mechanics aug 1953]</ref> |
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The development of the [[bipolar junction transistor]] in the early 1950s resulted in it being licensed to a number of electronics companies, such as [[Texas Instruments]], who produced a limited run of transistorized radios as a sales tool. The [[Regency TR-1]], made by the Regency Division of I.D.E.A. (Industrial Development Engineering Associates) of Indianapolis, Indiana, was launched in 1951. The era of true, shirt-pocket sized portable radios followed, with manufacturers such as [[Sony]], Zenith, RCA, DeWald, and [[Powel Crosley Jr.|Crosley]] offering various models.<ref name="Schiffer1991" /> The Sony TR-63 released in 1957 was the first mass-produced [[transistor radio]], leading to the mass-market penetration of transistor radios.<ref name="Skrabec">{{cite book | last1 = Skrabec | first1 = Quentin R. Jr. | title = The 100 Most Significant Events in American Business: An Encyclopedia | publisher = ABC-CLIO | date = 2012 | pages = 195–7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2kc69qrid9oC&pg=PA195 | isbn = 978-0313398636 }}</ref> |
The development of the [[bipolar junction transistor]] in the early 1950s resulted in it being licensed to a number of electronics companies, such as [[Texas Instruments]], who produced a limited run of transistorized radios as a sales tool. The [[Regency TR-1]], made by the Regency Division of I.D.E.A. (Industrial Development Engineering Associates) of Indianapolis, Indiana, was launched in 1951. The era of true, shirt-pocket sized portable radios followed, with manufacturers such as [[Sony]], Zenith, RCA, DeWald, and [[Powel Crosley Jr.|Crosley]] offering various models.<ref name="Schiffer1991" /> The Sony TR-63 released in 1957 was the first mass-produced [[transistor radio]], leading to the mass-market penetration of transistor radios.<ref name="Skrabec">{{cite book | last1 = Skrabec | first1 = Quentin R. Jr. | title = The 100 Most Significant Events in American Business: An Encyclopedia | publisher = ABC-CLIO | date = 2012 | pages = 195–7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2kc69qrid9oC&pg=PA195 | isbn = 978-0313398636 }}</ref> |
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Symbols: ~ | ¡ ¿ † ‡ ↔ ↑ ↓ • ¶ # ∞ ‹› «» ¤ ₳ ฿ ₵ ¢ ₡ ₢ $ ₫ ₯ € ₠ ₣ ƒ ₴ ₭ ₤ ℳ ₥ ₦ № ₧ ₰ £ ៛ ₨ ₪ ৳ ₮ ₩ ¥ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦ 𝄫 ♭ ♮ ♯ 𝄪 © ® ™
Latin: A a Á á À à  â Ä ä Ǎ ǎ Ă ă Ā ā à ã Å å Ą ą Æ æ Ǣ ǣ B b C c Ć ć Ċ ċ Ĉ ĉ Č č Ç ç D d Ď ď Đ đ Ḍ ḍ Ð ð E e É é È è Ė ė Ê ê Ë ë Ě ě Ĕ ĕ Ē ē Ẽ ẽ Ę ę Ẹ ẹ Ɛ ɛ Ǝ ǝ Ə ə F f G g Ġ ġ Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ Ģ ģ H h Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ḥ ḥ I i İ ı Í í Ì ì Î î Ï ï Ǐ ǐ Ĭ ĭ Ī ī Ĩ ĩ Į į Ị ị J j Ĵ ĵ K k Ķ ķ L l Ĺ ĺ Ŀ ŀ Ľ ľ Ļ ļ Ł ł Ḷ ḷ Ḹ ḹ M m Ṃ ṃ N n Ń ń Ň ň Ñ ñ Ņ ņ Ṇ ṇ Ŋ ŋ O o Ó ó Ò ò Ô ô Ö ö Ǒ ǒ Ŏ ŏ Ō ō Õ õ Ǫ ǫ Ọ ọ Ő ő Ø ø Œ œ Ɔ ɔ P p Q q R r Ŕ ŕ Ř ř Ŗ ŗ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ S s Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Š š Ş ş Ș ș Ṣ ṣ ß T t Ť ť Ţ ţ Ț ț Ṭ ṭ Þ þ U u Ú ú Ù ù Û û Ü ü Ǔ ǔ Ŭ ŭ Ū ū Ũ ũ Ů ů Ų ų Ụ ụ Ű ű Ǘ ǘ Ǜ ǜ Ǚ ǚ Ǖ ǖ V v W w Ŵ ŵ X x Y y Ý ý Ŷ ŷ Ÿ ÿ Ỹ ỹ Ȳ ȳ Z z Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ß Ð ð Þ þ Ŋ ŋ Ə ə
Greek: Ά ά Έ έ Ή ή Ί ί Ό ό Ύ ύ Ώ ώ Α α Β β Γ γ Δ δ Ε ε Ζ ζ Η η Θ θ Ι ι Κ κ Λ λ Μ μ Ν ν Ξ ξ Ο ο Π π Ρ ρ Σ σ ς Τ τ Υ υ Φ φ Χ χ Ψ ψ Ω ω {{Polytonic|}}
Cyrillic: А а Б б В в Г г Ґ ґ Ѓ ѓ Д д Ђ ђ Е е Ё ё Є є Ж ж З з Ѕ ѕ И и І і Ї ї Й й Ј ј К к Ќ ќ Л л Љ љ М м Н н Њ њ О о П п Р р С с Т т Ћ ћ У у Ў ў Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Џ џ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я ́
IPA: t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ ɟ ɡ ɢ ʡ ʔ ɸ β θ ð ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ ɦ ɱ ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ ʋ ɹ ɻ ɰ ʙ ⱱ ʀ ɾ ɽ ɫ ɬ ɮ ɺ ɭ ʎ ʟ ɥ ʍ ɧ ʼ ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ ɨ ʉ ɯ ɪ ʏ ʊ ø ɘ ɵ ɤ ə ɚ ɛ œ ɜ ɝ ɞ ʌ ɔ æ ɐ ɶ ɑ ɒ ʰ ʱ ʷ ʲ ˠ ˤ ⁿ ˡ ˈ ˌ ː ˑ ̪ {{IPA|}}
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